TAR 



cites lively fpecies of joy and gladnefs, which are alway* 

 accompanied with a mort; frequent and ftronger pulfe, or 

 an incrcafcd impiilfc of the hquor of the nerves into the 

 mufcles ; upon which fuitable adliona muft immediately 

 follow. 



As for the body, fince it was fufTicient to put the mufcles 

 into action, to cauie thofe tremors of the nerves, by which 

 their fluid is alternately dropped into the moving fibres, it is 

 the fame thing whether it be done by tlie determination of tlie 

 will, or the outward impreflions of an elaftic fluid : fuch is the 

 air; and that founds are the vibrations of it, is beyond difpute : 

 thefe, therefore, rightly modelled, may fliake the nerves as 

 really as the impcrium -voluntatts can do ; and, confequently, 

 may produce the hke effefts. 



The benefit of mufic arifes not only from their dancing 

 to it, and fo evacuating by fweat a great part of the m- 

 flammator)- fluid ; but, befidcs this, the repeated percuflions 

 of the air hereby made, by immediate contaft, (baking the 

 contraftile fibres of tlie membranes of the body, efpecially 

 thofe of the ear, which, being contiguous to the brain, com- 

 municate their tremblings to its membranes and veffels : by 

 thefe continued fuccefiions and vibrations, the cohefion of 

 the parts of the blood is perfeftly broken, and the farther 

 coagulation prevented ; fo that the heat being removed by 

 fweating, and the coagulation by the contraftion of the 

 mufcular fibrillse, the wounded perfon is reftored to his 

 former condition. 



If any one doubts of this force in the air, he may con- 

 fider, that it is demonftrat.d in mechanics, that the fmallell 

 percuflion of the fmallell body may overcome the refiitance 

 of any the greateft weight, which is at reft ; and that the 

 languid tremor of the air, which is made by the found of a 

 drum, may fhake the largeft edifices. 



But, befides this, we mull allow a great deal to the de- 

 terminate force, and particular modulation of the trembling 

 percuflions ; for contraftile bodies may be afted upon by 

 one certain degree of motion in tlie ambient fluid, though a 

 greater degree of it, differently qualified, may produce no- 

 thing at all of the like effeft. This is not only apparent in 

 two common-ftringed mufical inftruments, tuned both to the 

 fame height ; but alfo in the trick which many have of find- 

 ing the tone or note peculiarly belonging to any wine-glafs, 

 and, by accommodating their voice exaftly to that tone, and 

 yet making it loud and lafting, make the veffel, though not 

 touched, firft to tremble, and finally to burft ; which it will 

 not do, if the voice be either too low, or too high. 



This makes it no difficult matter to conceive, why dif- 

 ferent perfons, infefted with this fort of venom, do require 

 a different fort of mufic, in order to their cure ; inafmuch 

 as the nerves and dillraftile membranes have different ten- 

 fions, and confequently arc not all alike to be afted upon by 

 the fame vibrations. 



Tarantula, in Zoology, is alfo the name given by the 

 Italians to a peculiar fpecies of lizard, called by Aldrovand, 

 and Come others, lacertus facetanus. 



It is of a grey colour ; its fl<in is extremely rough ; and 

 it is thicker and rounder bodied than the other lizards. It 

 IS found, like our common eft, under old walls, and among 

 the ruins of buildings, particularly in the neighbourhood of 

 Rome, in great plenty ; its colour looks dead and ghaftly, 

 and it is as odious to the fight among the Italians, as the toad 

 is with us, being never feen without a fort of natural 

 horror. It is efteemed alfo a poifonous creature, as the toad 

 is with us ; though it is not eafy to find well-attefted ftories 

 of any body's ever having been hurt either by the one or the 

 f ther of thefe creatures. Ray, 



TAR 



TARAPACA, in Geography, a town of Peru, in the 

 bifhopri: of Arequipa, on a nver which foon after runs inH> 

 the Pacific ocean, S. lat. 2cP lo'. 



TARAPILLY, a town of Hindooftan, in Coimbetore ; 

 20 miles N.E. of Damicotta. 



TARARE, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Rhone and Loire ; i8 miles W.N.W. of Lyons. 



TARAS, in /Int'unl Geography, a fmall river of Italy, 

 which pafFcd to Tarentum, and probably gave it its tiame. — 

 Alfo, a river of Italy, in Japygia. — Alfo, a river of Epirus. 

 — Alfo, a town of Afia Minor — Alfo, a river of Scythia. 



Tauas, iu Geography, a town of the duchy of Wurz- 

 burg ; 2 miles N.W. of Hasfurt. 



TARASCO, in Am'fvt Geography, a town of Gallia 

 Naibonnenfis, on the left of the Rhone, and weft of Are- 

 late. 



TAR A SCON, in Geography, a town of Spain, in Nevf 

 Caftile ; 22 milus S.W. of Huete. — Alfo, a town of France, 

 and principal place of a diftrift, in the department of the 

 Mo\iths of the Rhone, on the Rhone, with a caftle, fortified 

 in th^ ancient manner. It is fituated oppofite Beaucaire, 

 with which it communicates by means of a bridge of boats. 

 The number of inhabitants is about 7000 ; 3 polls E. of 

 Nifines. N. lat 43° 48'. E. long. 4'' 44' — Alfo, a city of 

 France, and capital of the department of the Arriege, on the 

 river Arriege. In it ai-e feveral manufactures of iron ; 48 

 miles S. of Toulo jfe. N. lat. 42'' 50'. E. long, i" 41'. 



TARASOVA, a town of Ruflia, in the government of 

 IrkntiV, on the Lena; 12 miles 8. of Tutura. 



TARATATO, a town on the eaft coaft of Fortaven- 

 tura, one of the Canary iflands. 



TARAUMARA, a large province of North America, 

 in the north-eaft part of New Bifcay, bounded on the weft 

 by Sonora, on the eaft by New Mexico, its limit being the 

 Rio Bravo. On the fouth-weft it borders on Cinaloa. 

 Alcedo computes the extent at 100 Spanifh leagues from 

 eaft to weft, and as much from north to fouth. This pro- 

 vince was difcovered in 1 614, and derives its name from a 

 favage nation found there, of pacific difpofitions. This 

 province contains 48 pueblos, or villages, or ftations of 

 Francifcan miffionaries, exclufive of the capital of St. Fe- 

 lippe de Chiguaga. It is chiefly rich in mines, the minerals 

 being fmelted at the Real, or royal ftation of St. Eulalia, or 

 probably the Real Nueva in the maps, in N. lat. 29° 36'. 



TARAXACUM, or Taraxacon, in Botany, a name 

 ufed by the Arabians, fuppofed by Ambrofini to have been 

 derived from the Greek r^toji/io?, eatable, becaufe the plant 

 to which it was applied, (our Dandelion, or fomething 

 nearly akin,) was ufed for food. De Theis derives it, with 

 more appearance of probability, from Ta^ao-o-w, to move, or 

 trouble, becaufe of the laxative and diuretic quality of the 

 plant in queftion, commemorated in its vulgar Englifli, as 

 well as French, appellation. See Leontodon ; at the end 

 of which botanical article, we muft obferve, genus of Leon- 

 todon is printed by miftake for gender. 



TARAXIPPUS, formed of TXi^xa-a-ii; Ifrighten,3ni Itv; 

 horfe, a kind of evil genius, the ftatue of which was erefted 

 in tlie Grecian hippodromes, in order to alarm and frighten 

 the horfes in their courfe. The (hape and form of this 

 ftrange deity are not defcribed ; but he certainly anfwered 

 the end for which he was defigned : it frequently happening, 

 that the horfes were fo feared at his appearance, as to turn 

 away with the utmoft violence, and expofe the lives of their 

 riders or drivers to the moft imminent danger. Many con- 

 jectures have been formed concerning this ftrange deity, and 

 the means he ufed to frighten the hor(es : but the moft pro- 



bablq 



