TAR 



T A R 



bable conclufion will be, perhaps, to fuppofc that fome 

 tricks and artifices were pradifed under the difguife of this 

 figure, either witli a defign to render the viftory more ho- 

 nourable in proportion to the difficulty of gaining it, or elfe 

 that this horfe-frightening deity was placed in the courfe as 

 a touch-ftone, to prove the refolution and temper of the 

 horfes ; and to oblige the candidates to bring none into the 

 field but fuch as by exercife and difcipline were fo affured 

 and ftcady, as not to let their obedience be fliaken upon the 

 moft trying occaiions. Berenger's Hiil. and Art of Horfe- 

 manftiip, vol. i. p. 54. See Stadium. 



TARAXIS, from Tajacrirs., to (UJlurb, in Surgery, a 

 flight ophthalmy, or inflammation of the eye. Sec Oi'ii- 



THALMY. 



TARAZ, in Geography, a river of Independent Tar- 

 tary, which runs into the Sirr or Jaxartes at Otrur. Some 

 fuppofe this to be the fame with the river Tulas ; but others 

 reprefent it as a much more inconfiderable ftream. 



Taraz, or Turkejlan, a city of Afia, and capital of the 

 country of Tu'-keftan, fituated on a fmall river which runs 

 into the Sirr, 2J0 miles N. of Samarcand. N. lat. 44° 45'. 

 E. long. 69° 42'. 



TARAZONA, a town of Spain, in New Caftile ; ly 

 miles S. of Alarcon. — Alfo, a city of Spain, in Aragon, 

 the fee of a bifhop, fuffragan of Saragofla. This town is 

 ancient, and was deftroyed by the Moors in the year 724, 

 and by the fame people rebuilt in the beginning of the 12th 

 century ; 43 miles N.W. of Saragofla. N. lat. 42°. W. 

 long, i' 43'. 



TARBA, in Ancient Geography, a town fituated on the 

 fouthern coall of the i(le of Crete. 



TARBASON, a word ufed by fome chemical writers as 

 a name of antimony. 



TARBASSUS, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, 

 in Pifidia. 



TARBAT, in Geography, a town of Scotland, in the 

 county of Cromarty. This parilh originally belonged to 

 the county of Rofs, but was feparated from it and annexed 

 to Cromarty, in 1693 ; 6 miles E. of Tam. 



Tarbat Ncfs, a cape of Scotland, on the cafl coaft of 

 the county of Rofs, between the friths of Dornoch and 

 Murray. N. lat. 37^ 5^'. W. long. 3'° 40'. 



TARBE, a city of France, and capital of the depart- 

 ment of the Upper Pyrenees, built on the ruins of the an- 

 cient Bigorre : before the revolution it was the fee of a 

 bifhop, and refidence of a governor. It confifts principally 

 of one flreet along the Adour, and is defended by a caftle ; 

 7i polls S. of Auch. N. lat. 43° 14'. E. long. 0° 8'. 



TARBELLI, in Ancient Geography, a people of Gaul, 

 in Aquitania, whofe territory extended along the Aquitanic 

 gulf. 



TARBE RT, in Geography, a poll -town of the county 

 of Kerry, Ireland, on the river Shannon, where there is a 

 charter-fchool. It is 1 24 miles S.W. from Dublin. There 

 is alfo a fmall ifland of this name off the coaft of Galway. 



TARBIDO, or Marazzo, a river of Naples, which 

 runs into the Mediterranean, 13 miles S.W. of Cofenza. 



TARBOU, a town of Hungary, on the river Theyfe ; 

 14 miles N.N.E. of Kifwarda. 



TARBURGH, or Tarborough, a town of North 

 Carolina, on the Tar ; 45 miles N.N.W. of Newbern. 

 N. lat. 35° 52'. W. long. 77° 44'. 



TARBUT, a city of Perfia, in KhorafTan, eight furfungs 

 diftant from Turfhifh ; with a population of about 8000 

 perfons, defended by a llrong wall, and flanked with towers. 

 Froviiions are here plentiful and cheap ; it has 220 dependent 



villages, nnd is poflefled by Ifa Khan, a powerful chief, who 

 can bring into the field an army of 10,000 men. 



TARCHI, in Biography, a Neapolitan compofer, who 

 arrived in England in 1786, at the fame time as Rubinelli. 

 He was young at that time, but though he remained lierc 

 only one fcafon, lie difcovered confiderable abilities, and 

 feemed advancing rapidly into fame. He had tire, tafte, 

 and invention. If lie lliU lives, we make no doubt but that 

 he ranks high among the dramatic compofers of his country. 



TARCHONANTHUS, \n Botany, fo called from /ar- 

 con, or taracon, the Arabic name of Artiniifm Dracunculus, 

 our Taragon, and &.v9o , a fower, becaufe its flowers re- 

 femble thofe of that plant. Vaillant contrived tliis name in 

 the Mem. de I'Acad. des Sciences, for 1719, but it is not 

 one of his happieft. — Linn. Gen. 416. Schreb. 547. 

 Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 1792. Mart. Mill. Dia. V. 4. Ait. 

 Hort. Kew. V. 4- Siy. JufT. 185. Lamarck Ilhiftr. t. 671. 

 Gajrtn. t. 166. — Clafs and order, Syngemjla Polygamia-irqua- 

 lis. Nat. Ord. Compojlta Nucamentacea, Linn. Corymbi' 

 ferg, .lufl-. 



Gen. Ch. Common Calyx turbinate, of one leaf, cut half 

 way down into (for the moft part) feven rather acute feg- 

 ments, coloured internally, fhortcr than the corolla, perma- 

 nent. Cor. compound, uniform, of about twenty florets, 

 all perfeft, equal, each of one petal, funr.el-lhaped, with 

 five teeth. Slam, in each floret. Filaments five, capillary, 

 very fliort ; anthers united into a cyhndrical tube, as long as 

 their own partial corolla, with a filamentous appendage at the 

 bafe. Pift. in eacii floret, Germen inferior, oblong ; ftyle 

 twice the length of the floret ; ftigmas two, divaricated. 

 Peric. none, except the permanent calyx. Seeds fohtary, 

 ovate -oblong, comprefTed. D jivn woolly, inveftnig every 

 part of the feed. Recept. minute, clothed with woolly hairs, 

 the length of the calyx. 



Obf. The JeeJ-etown is very remarkable, as not crowning 

 but entirely mvefting tlie feed. Linnteus. 



Eft^. Cii. Receptacle villous. Seeds inverted with hairs. 

 Common calyx of one leaf, turbinate, cut half way down 

 into feveral fegments. Anthers fpurred at the bafe. 



1. T. camphoratus. Shrubby African Fleabane, or Aro- 

 matic Taragon-bloflom. Linn. Sp. PI. 1 179. Suppl. 361. 

 Willd. n. I. Ait. n. i. (Elichryfo affinis africana arbo- 

 refcens, floribus purpuro-violaceis, fohis Salvia?, odore Rof- 

 marini ; Herm. Lugd.-Bat. 228. t. 229. Pluk. Phyt. t. 174. 

 f. I.) — Leaves elliptic-oblong, n-arly entire ; denfely downy 

 beneath. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, from whence 

 it was brought very early into the gardens of Europe. This 

 is a greenhoufe evergreen_yZ'rtti, or fmall tree, flowering from 

 June to Oftober. The branch s are angular, tuberculated, 

 denlely downy and hoary. Leaves fcattered, ftalked, two 

 or tluee inches long, more or lefs acute, fomewhat wavy, 

 entire or minutely toothed ; their upper fide of a dark dull 

 green, quite fmooth, reticulated with fine veins ; the under 

 white and cottony, with a prominent rib and veins. When 

 bruifed they fmell like rofemary, but lefs agree.ibly. Pani- 

 cles terminal, many-flowered, with numerous lanceolate 

 braHcas, all together hoary, like the branches. Segments 

 of the calyx from five to feven, or more. Florets dark dull 

 purple, with whitifli anthers. Seeds enveloped in copious 

 white wool, like thofe of an Eriocephai.U!j ; fee that 

 article. 



2. T. ellipticus. Oval-leaved Taragon-blofTom. Thunb. 

 Prodr. 145. Willd. n. 2. — " Leaves elliptical, finely toothed ; 

 denfely woolly beneath." — Gathered by Thunberg at the 

 Cape. We have feen no authentic fpecimen from him, but 

 there aro fome in the Linnsan herbarium which anfwer to 



the 



