T A U 



T A V 



being much impaired, required an attention which it did not 

 fuit his inclination or occupation to give it : liis diforder, 

 which was an inflammation of the lungs, incrcafed, and ter- 

 minated his hfe in June, 1778, in the 50th year of his age. 

 He was juilly honoured for his integrity, his zeal to ferve 

 Jus friends, and his liberality. His Utcrary labours evince 

 the extent of his learning and refcarches. His principal 

 works are the traft already mentioned ; " Thoughts on the 

 prefent State of our Colonies in America, on their Behaviour 

 to the Mother-Country, and on the true Intereft of the Na- 

 tion in regard of the Colonies," London, 1766 ; " Hiftori- 

 cal and Pohtical Sketch of the prefent State of the Englifh 

 Manufailures, Trade, Navigation, and Colonies, &c." 1774, 

 8vo. ; " Hiilory of the Englifh Trade, &c. from the ear- 

 lieft Periods till the Year 1776, with an authentic Account 

 of the true Caufes of the prefent War \vith North Ame- 

 rica," 1776, 8vo. ; " J. J. Schetzen's Elements of Geo- 

 graphy, improved and enlarged," 1786, Bvo. ; " Hiilorical 

 and Geographical Defcription of the Kingdom of Sclavonia 

 and Duchy of Syrmia, Sec. in three parts," 1777, 1778; 

 " An Account of various New Difcoveries, made in 1776 

 and 1777, in Sclavonia, &c. &c." Leipfic, 1777, 410. He 

 contributed alfo, between the years 1773 and 1778, to Buf- 

 ching's periodical publications. He alfo communicated to 

 the Royal Society of London " A fliort Account of a par- 

 ticular Kind of Torpedo found in the River Danube, with 

 feveral Experiments on that Fifh," publifhed in the Phil. 

 Tranf. for 1775. Gen. Biog. 



Taube, in Geography, a river of Weftphalia, which runs 

 into the Aland, near Seehaufen. 



TAUBER, a river of Germany, which rifes about eight 

 miles S. of Rotenburg, in Franconia, and runs into the 

 Maine at Wertheim. 



Taubek See, a lake of Bavaria ; 6 miles W. of Berch- 

 tefgaden. 



TAUCAEL, or Tuchel, a town of Pruffian Pome- 

 relia. This town was taken and burned, in the year 1320, 

 by the Teutonic knights, and afterwards rebuilt ; 44 miles 

 S.S.W. of Dantzic. 



TAUCHA, a town of Saxony, in the circle of Leipfic. 

 This town was built in the year 1221, by Albert, arch- 

 bifhop of Magdeburg, afterwards rebuilt, and in the year 

 1 43 1 deftroyed by the Bohemians and Huflites, when moll 

 of the inhabitants removed to Leipfic ; 6 miles N.E. of 

 Leipfic. N. lat. 51° 22'. E. long. 12'^ 30'. 



TAUCHIRiE, in Ancient Geography, a town of Africa, 

 in Libya, belonging to the territory of Barce, according to 

 Herodotus, afterwards called Arfinoe. M. D'Anville lup- 

 pofes that it is the prefent Teukera. 



TAVDA, in Geography, a river of Ruffia, which rifes 

 in Pelim lake, and runs into the Tobol, 40 miles S. of 

 Tobolflc. 



TAUDECOND A, a town of Hindooftan, in Golconda ; 

 25 miles S.W. of Warangole. — Alfo, a town of Hindoo- 

 ftan, in Dindigul ; 7 miles N. of Dindigul. 



TaUDENNY, or TuDENNY, a Moorifh and Negro 

 town or village, on the borders of the Defart in Africa ; at 

 which place are large ponds or beds of fait, which both the 

 Moors and Negroes purchafe, as well as dates and fig-trees 

 of a large fize. The falt-beds are about 5 or 6 feet deep, 

 and from 20 to 30 yards in circumference. The fait comes 

 up in red lumps mixed with earth, and part of it is red ; 

 270 miles N.N.W. of Tombuftoo. N. lat, 21" 15'. W. 

 long. 1° 25'. 



TAUDOON, a town of Hindooftan, in Lahore ; 34 

 miles S.S.E. of Nagercote. 



TAVE, a river of France, which runs into the Rhone, 

 about 6 miles below Loudon. 



Tave, or Taj", a river of Wales, which runs into the 

 fea, near Llaugharn. — Alfo, a river, which rifes in two 

 ftreams in the fouthern part of Brecknockfhire, and runs 

 into the Severn below Cardiff. 



TAVERA, a town of Corfica, 18 miles N.N.E. ot 

 Ajazzo. 



Tavera di Orta, a town of Naples, in Capitanata ; 14 

 miles S.S.W. of Afcoli. 



TAVERNA, a town of Naples, in Calabria Ultra, 

 formerly the fee of a hifhop, transferred to Catanzaro ; 15 

 miles N. of Squillace. 



TAVERNER, John, in Biography, an eminent mu- 

 Ccian, who flourifhed in the early part of the i6th century. 

 He is often mentioned by Morley among our early contra- 

 puntiils, and by Anthony Wood, as having begun his career 

 by being organift of Bofton, in Lincohithire. At tiie efta- 

 blifhment of Cardinal college, now Chrift-church, Oxford, 

 by cardinal Wolfey, he was appointed organift there ; but 

 narrowly efcaped martyrdom for herefy, having held fre- 

 quent converfations with fome Lutherans on the abufes of 

 religion. They were all imprifoned in a deep cave under 

 the college, ufed for tiie keeping of falt-fi(h, of which the 

 ftench occafioned the death of fome of them, and fome were 

 burnt in Smithfield. 



Taverner had not gone fuch lengths as many of the fra- 

 ternity ; the fufpicions againft him were founded merely on 

 his having hidden fome heretical books under the boards of 

 the fchool where he taught, for which reafon, and on accoua* 

 of his profeffional eminence, the cardinal excufed him, fay- 

 ing " he was but a mufician," and fo he efcaped. 



A fet of books containing mafies and motets to Latin 

 words, fome of which were compofcd in the time of 

 Henry Vn., and all before the Reformation, is prefcrved in 

 the mufic-fchool at Oxford. Thefe volumes contain com- 

 pofitions by John Taverner, Dr. Fayrfax, Avery Burton, 

 John Marbec, Wilham Kafar, Hugh Afhton, John Nor- 

 man, John Sheppard, and Dr. Tye. The pieces by the 

 three or four latt are entered in a more modern hand, with 

 different charafters, and paler ink. The chief parts of the 

 compofitions are tranfcribed in a large, diftinft, and fine 

 hand and charafter ; but bars not having been yet intro- 

 duced, and being all ad longam, alia breve, or in tempo di Ca- 

 petla, the ligatures, prolations, and moods, render thefe 

 books extremely difficult to read, or tranfcribc in fcore. 

 However, by dint of meditation and perfeverance, we ar- 

 ranged the parts under each other, of feveral movements by 

 all thefe founders of our church mufic, particularly John 

 Taverner, Dr. Fayrfax, and Dr. Tye ; having fcored an 

 entire mafs by each of them : as they are the moft ancieat 

 and eminent of thefe old mafters, in whofe compofitions the 

 ftyle is grave, and harmony, in general, unexceptionable, 

 if tried by fuch rules as were eftablifhed during tlieir time ; 

 but with refpcft to invention, air, and accent, the two firft 

 are totally deficient. 



The compofitions, however, of thefe early Englifh maf- 

 ters, have an appearance of national orig-.na'ity, frej from 

 all imitation of the choral produftions of the continent. 

 Few of the arts of canon, ir.verfion, aagin'.ntation, or di- 

 minution, were as yet praftifed by tH. m : Ihort pi.ints of 

 imitation are fomclimes difjoverable, bi.t chi.y Ur-ni more 

 the effefts of chance th.m dcfign : and to char.xte'"ifo the 

 chief of thefe compofers in the order they liav^ been named ; 

 Taverner and Fayrfax have but lictk J fipii ai.J i o m locly 

 in their compofitions ; and it fecms as it they (liould not 



have 



