TEE 



T E E 



TEESEE, in G«frfl/)/;^', a town of Africa, in Kajaaga. 

 N. lat. 14° 50'. W." long. 9^ 27'. 



TEESHOO LOOMBOO, or Lrnnoxc, a town and 

 large monallory of Thibet, confillinir of three or four liun- 

 drcd habitations of the Gylongs, bclides temples, maufolca, 

 and the palace of the fovereign pontiffs, all built of ftone ; 

 2 miUs S.W. of Sgigatchee; 



TEESTA, orYoS.WPOO, a river of Afia, which rifes 

 in Thibet, and runs into the Ganges by two llreams, one 25 

 miles N., the other 80 E.S.E. of Moorfhedabad. 



TEETBADDY, a town of Bengal ; 27 miles N.E. of 



TEETH, Difeafcs of the. The difeafes which affed the 

 teeth and the parts conncftcd with them, are ufually divided 

 into two kinds ; namely, into fuch as are termed common, 

 becaufe they are alfo met with in other parts ; and into 

 thofe which are called proper, being obferved only in the 

 teeth. Hence, as the celebrated Plenck has remarked, the 

 fubjed may be conveniently treated of under the following 

 heads. Doftrina de Morb. Dentium, &c. Lovanii, 1796. 



Of Natural Denl'itlon. — The procefs by which the teeth 

 make their way through the gums, is named dentition, (fee 

 Dentition,) which may be divided into the Jirfl and 

 fccond. 



I. Of the F'lrjl Dentition In the fixth or feventh month 



after birth, the Jlrjl or milk teeth make their appearance 

 tlirough the gums. The two middle incifores of the lower 

 jaw are thofe which mod frequently firft come out, and, in 

 the courfe of a few weeks, they are generally followed by 

 the two middle incifor teeth of the upper jaw. At 

 length, after fome months more, the lateral incifors and the 

 canme teeth (hew themfelves. The anterior molares, or 

 front grinders, do not commonly pafs through the gums until 

 the child is a twelvemonth old. 



The third and fourth grinders are cut about the tenth or 

 twelfth year, and the dentes fapientiae at the age of twenty, 

 or even at a more advanced period of life. 



The Jirfl dentition, therefore, lads from the fixth month to 

 the fecond or third year. The fccond from the ninth to the 

 thirteenth year. 



But it is to be obferved, that the interval betwixt the 

 periods when the teeth are aftually cut, is fubjeft to very 

 great variety, both with refpcdl to different teeth and dif- 

 ferent children. Sometimes a month, fometimes half a year, 

 and, on, other occafions, a whole twelvemonth will elapfe 

 between the firft appearance of one tooth and that of 

 another. 



The cutting of each tooth has two diftinft ftages ; the firft 

 of which has been called the pcrlodus ingrtffus ; the fecond, the 

 perlodus egrejfus. 



The firft ftage is ufually obferved in the fourth month, 

 or about fix weeks before the tooth pafTes through the gums. 

 It happens when the tooth, in confequence of its augmented 

 fize, begins to prefs againft the bony laminae of the focket, 

 fo as to make them recede. At this period the child feels a 

 degree of itching in the gums, and hence it is that he now 

 frequently puts mto his mouth his fingers, or other hard 

 bodies, and comprefTes them by ftrongly biting them between 

 the gums. The fecretion of the faliva is increafed. The 

 gums become red, and fwell in the fituation of the tooth 

 which is about to be cut. When the child fucks, he irritates 

 and bites the nipple ; he is alfo commonly troubled with a 

 purging and a cough; he is watchful, cries frequently, 

 and becomes feverifh. 



Sometimes, however, dentition takes place fo eafily, that 

 none of the preceding fymptoms are remarked. 



After a few days, the above complaints generaDy ceafe, 

 II 



but not unfrcquently come on again in about a fortnight or 

 a month, that is to fay, about the commencement of the 

 fecond ftage, or that in which the tooth makes its egrefs. 

 Tiien tlie gum grows white, or exhibits whitifh points iji the 

 fituation of the tooth which is about to be cut. Thefe are 

 caufed by the tooth itfelf, and difappear as foon as it has 

 paffed through the gum. 



2. Of the Second Dentition In the feventh or eighth year, 



the milk-teeth, amounting in number to twenty, become 

 loofe, and gradually fall out, generally in the fame order in 

 which they were cut. Soon afterwards, the fecond or perma- 

 nent teeth rife out of the gums. It hardly ever happens, 

 that the fecond dentition produces any dangerous fymptoms, 

 the paffage through the alveolary procefs and gum being 

 now fufRciently capacious. 



After the milk-teeth have fpontaneoufiy fallen out, or 

 been extrafted, they are almoft always found to be deftitute 

 of fangs. This is a circumftance which has puzzled many 

 eminent writers, and has even given birth to the eiTOneous 

 doftrine, that the milk-teeth are never furnifhed with fangs. 

 Suffice it here to fay, that in the opinion of the bsft informed 

 modern furgeons, the difappearance of the fangs is the ciTcft 

 of abforption. 



Sometimes children, but more frequently adults, cut their 

 teeth a third time. It is faid that dentition has been ob- 

 ferved to happen thrice in an infant five years of age ; and 

 Plenck was acquainted with a man, who was born with two 

 of the grinding teeth, which were afterwards changed twice. 

 (Doftrina de Morbis Dentium, p. 10.) Even a fourth 

 dentition has been noticed by fome very experienced men. 

 Halleri, torn. viii. 1. 30. p. 22. 



Of Difficult Dentition. — The advance of the teeth out of the 

 fockets or gums may be attended with the moft alai-ming 

 fymptoms. But experience proves, th&t in numerous children, 

 the whole femicircle of each jaw becomes furnifhed with teeth, 

 without the flighteft mark of indifpofition either before, or 

 during the progrefs of the teeth through the gums. In other 

 inftances the worft fymptoms prevail, both while the teeth are 

 making their way out of the fockets, and through the gums ; 

 fuch as an inflammatory fwelling of the gums, tonfils, and 

 parotid glands ; rednefs of the eyes and cheeks ; vomiting, 

 griping pains, tenefmus, proiufe diarrhcea with green evacu- 

 ations, and fometimes obftinate coftivenefs and retention of 

 urine. Fever, accompanied with cough and other catarrhal 

 affeftions, hiccough, univerfal or partial tetanus, convulfions, 

 &c. are the fymptoms by which, according to tlie cftimate of 

 feveral writers, nearly a third of children are deftroyed in 

 difficult dentition. 



Thefe are the common fymptoms of difRcult dentition ; 

 but occafionally /ifc/z/wr ones arife, which not unfrcquently 

 fubfide as foon as the tooth is cut ; as, for inftance, gutta 

 rofacea (Lorry, Traft de iVIorb. Cutaneis, 1777, p- 4ll-)5 

 deafnefs ; amaurotic blindnefs ; enlargement of the knees; 

 paralyfis ; and lamenefs of one or both legs. (P;d^ch, Ab- 

 handlung aus der. Wundarzney von. den Zahaen, S. 25. 

 36.) Aphthae of the mouth ; an inflamed tubercle over the 

 tooth which is about to be ctit ; fuppuration, ulceration, and 

 even Houghing of the gums. Rachitis is alfo alleged to have 

 its origin fometimes from difficult dentition. 



Thefe effcfts arc particularly met with in very plethoric 

 and irritable children ; or in infants whofe bowels are over- 

 charged with irritating excrementitious matter. Too much 

 laxity, or too great hardnefs of the gums, is hardly ever the 

 fole caufe of fuch fymptoms. 



With regard to the prognofis, it may be remarked, that 

 favourable dentition is a fign of future health. Ricketty 

 children almoft invariably cut their teeth with difficulty. 



The 



