TEL 



T E L 



In the Pliilofophical Magazine, vol. xxix. Capt. Paflcy 

 has defcribed a telegraph, which is nearly the fame as 

 Mr. Boaz's, but with fix lights only; alfo what is called a 

 Polygramic telegraph. 



The Chevalier Edelcrantz has defcribed a machine in the 

 Tranfaftions of the Society of Arts, which is for working the 

 vanes of a telegraph with boards, like^^f. 4, fo that by merely 

 preffing keys, like an organ, and then turning a handle, the 

 required fignals fhall be made. The telegraph was propofed 

 with nine boards infteadof fix ; but as we confider tiiis form 

 of telegraph decidedly inferior to thofe with arms moving 

 on centres, we fliall not enter into any further defcription 

 of it. 



To conclude, we clufs the telegraphic art amongfl thofe 

 which are not carried to fuch a ftate of perfection as to be 

 incapable of farther improvement : it is much to be wifhed 

 that it could be fo fyltematized, that the communication of 

 intelligence could be cffefted with the fame eafe and cer- 

 tainty as by writing. We are confident of the pofTibility of 

 this, from having obferved the abbe Sicard converfing with 

 his deaf and dumb pupils by making figns of the fimplell 

 nature with the hands, in which manner he could communi- 

 cate his ideas on any fubjeft with more rapidity than by 

 writing. 



TELEM, in Ancient Geography, a town of Paleftine, in 

 the tribe of Judah, towards the extremity of this tribe, along 

 the frontiers of Edom. 



TELEMANN, Gio. Philip, in Biography, one of the 

 greateft and mofl voluminous mufical compofers during the 

 firft fifty or fixty years of the laft century, in Germany. 

 He was born at Magdeburg in 1681, and preceded Keifer as 

 opera compofer at Hamburgh, for which city he produced 

 thirty-five operas. His compofitions for the church and 

 chamber are fuppofed to be more numerous than thofe of 

 Aleflandro Scarlatti. In the year 1 740, his overtures on 

 Lulli's model amounted to fix hundred. 



This compofer, like Raphael and fome other great 

 painters, had a firft and fccond manner, which were ex- 

 tremely different from each other ; in the firft he was hard, 

 fliff, dry, and inelegant ; in the fccond, pleafing, graceful, 

 and refined. Teleniann, who lived to a great age, drew 

 up a well-written narrative of his own life, in the early part 

 of which he was an intimate acquaintance and fellow- 

 ftudent with Handel. 



The lift of Telemann's printed works, inferted in Wal- 

 ther's Mufical Lexicon in 1732, amounted to twenty-nine ; 

 and in Gerber's Continuation of Walther, fifteen or fixteen 

 more are fpecified. But ftill double the number of thofe 

 printed were long circulated in manufcript from the mufic- 

 fhops at Jjeipfic and Hamburgh. 



The beft account of Telemann's profeffional merit as a 

 compofer, was publiftied at Hamburgh immediately after his 

 deceafe at 85, in 1767, by profefibr Ebeling, an excellent 

 mufical critic, a friend of Emanuel Bach, a man of a refined 

 taite, found judgment, and a perfeft acquaintance with the 

 merits and various ilyles of the great muficians of his 

 country. 



TELEMBO, in Geography, a river of South America, 

 which joins the Patia, 8 miles N.W. of Baracoas. 

 TELENGUTES. See Teleutes. 

 TELENTO, a town of Perfia, in the province of La- 

 riftan, on lhe fea-coaft ; 10 miles S.W. of Congo. 



TELEOLOGY, formed of TtXo;, end, and \oyt.c, dif- 

 courfe, the fcience of the final caufes of things. This is an 

 ample and curious field of inquiry, though pretty much 

 aeglefted by philofophers. 



TELEPHANES, iu Biography, a celebrated performer 



on the flute in tlie time of Philip of Macedon. Accprdinp 

 to Paufanias he was a native of Samos, and had a tomb 

 crefted to him by Cleopatra, the fiftcr of Philip, in the 

 road between Megara and Corinth, which was fubfifting in 

 his time. The epitaph upon this mufician, which is pre- 

 ferved in the Anthologia, equals his talents to ihoft of the 

 greateft names in antiquity. 



" Orpheus, whom gods and men admire, 

 Surpafs'd all mortals on the lyre : 

 Neftor with eloquence could charm. 

 And pride, and infolence difarm : 

 Great Homer, witii his heav'nly ftrain, 

 Could foften rocks, and quiet pain : — 

 Here lies Telcphanes, whofe flute 

 Had equal pow'r o'er man and brute." 



Telcphanes was clofely united in friendfliip with Dcmof- 

 tlienes, who has made honourable mention of liim in liis 

 harangue againft Midias, from whom he received a blovr 

 in public, during the celebration of the feaft of Bacchus. 

 As this was a kind of mufical quarrel, we fhall relate the 

 caufe of it. 



Demofthenes had been appointed by his tribe to furnifli a 

 chorus, to difpute the prize at this feflival ; and as this cho- 

 rus was to be inftrudled by a mafter, Midias, in order to 

 difgrace Demofthenes, bribed the mufic-mafter to negleA his 

 funftion, that the chorus might be unable to perform their 

 feveral parts properly before the public, for want of the ne- 

 cefTary teaching and rehearfals. But Telcphanes, who had 

 difcovered the defign of Midias, not only ehaftifed and dif- 

 mifted the mufic-mafter, but undertook to iuftrutt the chorus 

 himfelf. 



TELEPHIASTRUM, in Botany, Dill. Ekh. 375, fo 

 called by Vaillant, from its refemblance to Tekphium. Sec 

 Talinum. 



TELEPHIOIDES, Toum. Cor. 50. t. 485. DilL 

 Elth. 377. t. 282. See ANnRACHNE. 



TELEPHIS, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, in 

 Greater Armenia, fituated in the vicinity of the river Phafis. 



TELEPHIUM, in Botany, a name adopted from Diof- 

 corides, whofe teAv.J'ioi' the plant we are about to defcribe 

 was fuppofed, by Imperato, Clufius, and moft authors, to 

 be. Dr. Sibthorp however fatisfied himfelf that the plant 

 of Diofcorides was Cerinthe minor, and pofTibly alfo the 

 afpera of Willdenow. To this conclufion he was led, firft, 

 by the authority of the famous old manufcript with draw- 

 ings, at Vienna ; and next, by obferving that C. minor is 

 particul:u-ly common in Greece among vines in the fpring, 

 as well as iu other cultivated ground,' as Diofcorides relates 

 of his TiXtiiTiof. The yellow colour of the flowers alfo an- 

 fwers to his defcription, which our Tekphium, in that point, 

 does not, nor did Dr. Sibthorp obferve the latter in any 

 part of Greece. — Linn. Gen. 149. Schreb. 201. Willd. 

 Sp. PI. V. I. 1506. Mart. Mill. Dia. v. 4. Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. V. 2. 173. Juft". 313. Toum. t. 128. Lamarck 

 Illuftr. t. 213. Gxrtn. t. 129 — Clafs and order, Petilan- 

 d/ni Trigynia. Nat. Ord. Hohraced:, Linn. Portulacee, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of five oblong, obtufe, 

 concave, keeled leaves, the length of the corolla, permanent. 

 Cor. Petals five, oblong, obtufe, ere6\, tapering downwards, 

 inferted into the receptacle.- Stam. Eilainents five, awl- 

 fhaped, fhorter than the coroUa ; anthers incumbent. Pifl. 

 Germen fuperior, triangular, acute ; ftyle none ; ftigmas 

 three, acute, fpreading. Pcric. Capfule fliort, triangular, 

 of one cell with three valves, and a central unconnetted re- 

 ceptacle, half as long as the capfule. Seeds numerous, 

 roundifh -kidney (haped. 



' E(r. 



