T E R 



T E 11 



Lelius, as tradition reports, had a great part in tlie com- 

 pofition of Terence's comedies. Terence himfelf in a 

 prologue fecms tacitly to acknowledge the faft. But 

 modern writers and critics, who have rcafoncd on this faft, 

 think it very improbable. Generals and ftatelmen were 

 not perfons likely to poffefs the habit of dramatic com- 

 pofition, whatever previous hints or fubfequcnt correftions 

 they might furniil\ ; and befides it is obfervcd, that no 

 writings more ftrongly indicate by their ftyle and manner 

 that they are the produftion of a fingle hand than thofe of 

 Terence. After he had prefented thefe comedies to the 

 public he departed for Greece, and never returned to 

 Rome. Some liave accounted for this circiunllance, by 

 fuppofing that he periilied by Hiipwreck ; others affirm that 

 he died in Greece, from the grief he experienced on account 

 -of tlie lofs of his baggage and feme new comedies, which 

 he had compofed, by an accident at fea. 



The judgment of critics on the performances of Terence 

 lias been very different though their real merit is faid not 

 to be of difficult eitimation. It is generally allowed that he 

 is defeftive in invention and originality of obfcrvalion. This 

 •fufficiently appears from his having Greek manners and 

 charafters in all his plays. He was likewile a plagiarill, 

 with regard to the fentiments, as well as to the plots and 

 incidents of his pieces ; but a very competent Judge ob- 

 serves, " that he is juftly entitled to the praife of judicious 

 feleftion, happy difpofition, and purity and neatuefs of 

 language ; and that, as a Latin writer, in a flyle of elegance 

 of which there are fo few examples, he was highly prized 

 in his own times, and is invaluable in ours. Cicero, who 

 fpeaks of him as a tranflator of Menander, applauds him as 

 the only one who had exprefTed in the Latin language all 

 the politenefs and amenity of the original ; and Caelar, in 

 fome well-known lines, calls him ' the lover of pure 

 diftion ;' and alfo by the epithet of the halved Menander ; 

 and his regret that Terence did not poffefs the vis comlca, as 

 well as the other excellencies of his model, points out his 

 ■deficiencies." Of the numerous editions of Terence, the 

 moft efleemed are the following; •viz. the " Variorum," 

 Amft. and Lugd. fiatav. 1686; " Bentleii," Cantab. 4to. 

 1726; " Wefterhovii," Hag. C. 4to. 1726; " Zeunii," 

 Lipf. 8vo. 1774; '" Brunckii," Bafd, 410. 1779. Voff. 

 Poet. Lat. Gen. Biog. 



TERENJABIN, in the Materia Medica of the Ancient 

 Arabians, a word ufed to exprefs a kind of manna called 

 by fome manna majlichina, from its round globules refembling 

 the drops of maftich, and by the phyficians of many parts of 

 the world at prefent. Manna Perficum; wliich fee. See 

 farther about this drug in Philof. Tranf. N" 472. vol. xliii. 

 p. 87. 



TERES LiGAMENTUM, in Anatomy, one of the liga- 

 ments of the hip-joint. See Extremities. 



Teres Ligamentum Uteri. See Generation. 



Teres Major and Minor, two mufcles of the fhoulder, fo 

 called, becaufe their figure is fomewhat rounded. 



The teres major (fcapulo-humerien, le grand rond) is 

 elongated and flattened, placed at the lower and back part 

 of the fhoulder, and extending from the inferior angle of 

 the fcapula to the pofterior edge of the bicipital groove of 

 the humerus. The latiffimus dorfi, the flcin, and the long 

 head of the triceps, cover it behind ; in front, it is covered by 

 the latiflimus, the axillary veffels and plexus of nerves, the fhort 

 head of the biceps, and the coraco-brachialis. Its upper 

 edge correfponds firfl to the teres minor, then is feparated 

 from that mufcle by the long head of the triceps, and laflly 

 correfponds to the fubfcapularis, fi-om which the circumflex 

 vefTel and nerve feparatc it. The lower edge, covered by 



tlic fl<in, forms, with the latiffimus, the border of the axilla. 

 The inferior or external extremity of the mufcle is fixed to 

 the external furface of the inferior Angle of the fcapula, and 

 to the neighl)Ouring part of its lower edge : thence it aftends, 

 paffmg obliquely outwards, retaining nearly an uniform 

 breadth (.ibout three fingers) throughout ; and is attached to 

 the pofterior margin of the bicipital groove. The latter at - 

 tachment takes place by means of a flattened tendon, about an 

 inch broad, which correfponds in front to that of the latlffmiuii 

 dorfi. There is a fmall burfu niucofa between its pollervor 

 furface and tlvc humerus. It lines the bicipital groove by 

 fome fibres, which meet thofeof the pedoralis major. Mufcu- 

 lar fibres arife from the outer furface and inferior angle of the 

 fcapula, from the lower portion of the inferior cofta, and from 

 a feptum between this mufcle and the infrafpinatus ; and they 

 terminate on the tendon juil defcribed. It carries the arm 

 backwards ; depreffes it when it has been raifed ; rotates 

 the humerus on its axis, fo as to turn the arm inwards or 

 forwards. In conjunftion with the latiffimus, and pettoralii 

 major, it will fix the arm againft the fide. It will pull the 

 fcapula forwards or upwards to the arm, when that is fixed. 



Teres minor (petit rond) M a fmall elongated mufcle, 

 lying at the pofterior and under part of the (houlder, extending 

 from the inferior edge of the fcapula to the external tubercle 

 of the humerus. Covered behind by the deltoid and fkin, it 

 covers in front the edge of the fcapula, the infi-afcapular 

 artery, the long head of the triceps, and the orbicular ligament 

 of the fhodlder-joint. Its upper edge is either continuous 

 with the infrafpinatus, fo that they form but one mufcle, or 

 rs feparated from it by a cellular line. Towards the back 

 part there is an aponeurotic feptum between them. The 

 lower edge is clofe to the teres major behind, but feparated 

 from it anteriorly by the long head of the triceps. X^"^ 

 lower or pofterior extremity is fmall and pointed, and begins 

 its attachment to the fcapula, juft where that of the teres 

 major ends, between the latter mufcle and the infrafpinatus: 

 it paffes obliquely upwards and outwards, fixed to the lower 

 and outer edge of the fcapula, and is inferted in the lower 

 or back part of the great tubercle of the humerus. This 

 infertion is effefted by means of a tendon, clofcly conncfted 

 to that of the infrafpinatus, difperfing fome of its fibres on 

 the orbicular ligament, and receiving the flefhy fibres in all 

 direftions from the origin of the mufcle. Its aftion has 

 exaftly the fame cffedl with that of the infrafpinatus f 

 which fee. 



Teres Folium, in Botany. See Leaf. 



TERESA, or Theresa, in Biography, a faint in the Ro- 

 man Catholic church, was born, of a noble family, at Avila, 

 in Old Caftile, in March 1515. Her father, by reading the 

 fives of faints to his family, infpired her, at an early age, with 

 an cnthufiaftic fervour, whicji induced her to elope with one of 

 her brothers, to feek martyrdoms among the Moors. When 

 they were brought back, they indulged the fame paffion by 

 conftrufting little hermitages in the garden, wliither they 

 retired to perform their exercifes of devotion at twelve years 

 of age. Terefa loft her mother, and was boarded in an 

 Auguftine convent, and this fituation prevented her being 

 feduced by the pleafures of the world, for which fhe began 

 to indulge a propenfity in confequence of reading romances ; 

 but for her farther fccurity flie took the veil in the Carmelite 

 monaftery of the Incarnation at Avila, in her twcnty-fecond 

 year. Her perfon was beautiful, and attrafted the admira- 

 tion and love of all who faw Iter ; but her religious ideas, 

 though tender and rapturous, were aufterc ; and perceiving 

 that the difcipline of the houfe in which fhe rcfidcd was 

 relaxed, fhe luidertook a reform of the Carnirlitc order. 

 After much oppofition, fhe fuccceded in cftablifhimr the 

 Zk2 firft 



