T E R 



MI heiglit, and two in diameter, crowned with an ample tuft 

 of fpreading brandies. Tlie Icnvfs are four iiiehes long, 

 and an inch and lialf or two inches broad, thick, fmooth, 

 tapering at each end, befet with tooth-hke f rratures in the 

 margin. Footjlalks llender, an incii long. Floivcr-JlalLs re- 

 curved, fcatti red, hardly an inch in length. Fluivers yel- 

 lowifh, ill'" fize of hawthorn. Fruit like the lall. The 

 lark of the tree is ufed for tanning leather. The tuood 

 ferves inftead of tiles for houfes. 



6. T ? corymhofa. Corymbofe Ternllroemia : — Leaves op- 

 pofite, elliptical, pointed, entire. Panicle forked, corym- 

 bofe, many-flowered, terminal. — Native of Guiana. Mr. 

 Rudge. This appears to be moft akin to the laft in the 

 fhape and fize of its leaves, but differs in their entire margin, 

 and oppofite infertion. The three-forked ^(jn/V/f is, more- 

 over, a kind of inflorefcence unexampled in Ternjlroemia, 

 and the calyx wants the two fmall external fegments. All 

 thefe circumilances induce a fufpicion of the genus, whicii 

 ive have not materials to clear up. 



We cannot take leave of Ternjlronma without adverting 

 to the mifchiefs which arile from the barbarous and iinfettled 

 principles of French nomenclature. .TufTicu profefles to 

 adopt the uncouth names of Aublet, only til! the genera of 

 that author are better fettled ; yet he has tried to foften 

 down Taonabo into Tonahea, a needlefs change if the name 

 were not to remain. Lamarck prefers Tanabea; fo our 

 memories and our indexes would have become burthened with 

 three names inftead of one, all intolerable to a clafTical or 

 literary botanift, if the genus had not happily been fuper- 

 feded. 



TEROE, in Geography, a town of Bengal ; 25 miles E. 

 of Ramgur. 



TEROUANNE. See Tjterouanne. 



TEROWA, a town of the ifland of Junkfeilon, near the 

 eaft coaft ; the ulual reiidence of a Siamefe governor or 

 viceroy. Here is a pagoda, with about twenty priefts. 

 N. lat. 8° 13'. 



TERPANDER, in Biography, and Muftc of the Jncinits, 

 one of the moft renowned muficians of antiquity. It is re- 

 corded in the Oxford M;u"bles, that he was the inventor of 

 charafters to exprefs mufical founds in the feveral genera ; 

 ■which event is placed about fix hundred and feventy years 

 before the Chriftian era. Indeed all writers who mention 

 the progreffive ftate of mufic in Greece, are unanimous in 

 celebrating the talents of Terpander ; but though there is 

 fuch an entire agreement among them concerning the obli- 

 gations which the art was under to this mufician in its 

 infant ftate, yet it is difficult to find any two accounts of 

 him which accord in adjufting the time and place of his 

 birth. It does not, however, feem neceflary to lead the 

 reader over hedge and ditch with chronologers, after a 

 truth, of which the fcent has fo long been loft. The 

 Oxford Marbles, which appear to us the beft authority to 

 follow, tell us, in exprefs terms, that he was the fon of Der- 

 deneus of Left>os, and that he flouriftied in the 381ft year of 

 thefe records; which nearly anfwers to the 27th olympiad, 

 and 671ft year B. C. The Marbles inform us likewife, that 

 " he taught the nomes, or airs, of the lyre and flute, which 

 he performed himfelf upon this laft inftrument, in concert 

 with other players on the flute." Several writers tell us 

 that he added three ftrings to the lyre, which before his 

 time had but four ; and in confirmation of this, Euclid and 

 Strabo quote two vcrfes, which they attribute to Terpander 

 himfelf. 



" The tetrachord's reftraint wc now defpife. 

 The feven-flringed lyre a nobler flrain fupplics." 



T E R 



If the hymn to Mercury, which is afcribcd to Homer, 

 and in which the feven-ftringed lyre is mentioned, be 

 genuine, it robs Terpander of this glorj-. The learned, 

 however, have great doubts concerning its authenticity. 

 But if the lyre had been before his time furniflied witli 

 feven ftrings in other parts of Greece, it feems as if 

 Terpander was the firft who played upoii them at Lace- 

 dasmon. The Marbles tell us that the people were offended 

 by his innovations. The Spartan difcipline had deprived 

 them of all their natural feehngs ; they were rendered 

 machines ; and whether Terpander difturbed the fpriiigs 

 by which they ufed to be governed, or tried to work upon 

 them by new ones, there was an equal chance of giving 

 offence. The neivjhiiigs, or new melodies, and neiv rhythms, 

 upon the old ftrings, muft have been as intolerable to a 

 Lacedxmonian audience, at firft hearing, as an organ, and 

 cheerful mufic would have been, to a Scots congregation 

 fome years ago, or would be at a Quaker's meeting now. 

 " It is not at all furprifing," fays Alcibiades, " that the 

 Lacedaemonians feem fearlefs of death in the day of battle, 

 fince death would free them from tiiofe laws which make 

 them fo wretched." 



Plutarch, in his " Laconic Inftitutions," informs us, that 

 Terpander was fined by the ephori for his innovations. How- 

 ever, in his " Dialogue on Mufic," he likewife tells us, that 

 the fame mufician appeafed a fedition at Sparta, among tiie 

 fame people, by the perfuafive ftrains which he fung and 

 played to them on that occaCon. There feems no other 

 way of reconciling thefe two accounts, than by fuppofing 

 that he had, by degrees, refined the public tafle, or depraved 

 his own to the level of his hearers. 



Among the many fignal fervices which Terpander is faid 

 to have done to mufic, none was of more importance than 

 the notation that is afcribed to him for afcertaining and 

 preferving melody, which was before traditional, and wholly 

 dependent on memory. The invention, however, of mufi- 

 cal charafters has been attributed by Alypius and Gauden- 

 tius, two Greek writers on mufic, and, upon their authority, 

 by Boethius, to Pythagoras, who flouriftied full two cen- 

 turies after Terpander. It will be neceffary therefore to 

 tell the reader upon what grounds this ufeful difcovery has 

 been beftowed upon him. 



Plutarch, from Heraclides of Pontus, affures us that Ter- 

 pander, the inventor of nomes for the cithara, in hexameter 

 verfe, " fet them to mufic," as well as the verfes of Homer, 

 in order to fing them at the public games. And Clemens 

 Alexandrinus, in telling us that this mufician wrote the 

 laws of Lycurgusin verfe, and " fet them to mufic," makes 

 ufe of the fame expreffion as Plutarch, which feems clearly 

 to imply a ivritten melody. See Mufical Games. 



TERPELING, in Geography, a town of Thibet; Smiles 

 S.W. of Painom Jeung. 



TERPENTARIA, in Bolany, a name ufed by fome 

 authors for the betonica aquatica, or great water-figwort, 

 called ivater-betony. 



TERPILLUS, in Ancient Geography, a town of Mace- 

 donia, in Mygdonia. Ptolemy. 



TERPONUS, a town of Illyria, belonging to the 

 Japodes, of which Csfar took poffeflion, according to 

 Appian. 



TERPSICHORE, the Jovial, as her name imports, 

 in Mythology, the name of one of the nine Mufes, (which 

 fee.) This mufe is reprefented on medals and other'monu-. 

 ments, by the flutes which ftie holds in her hands. 



TERRA, in Geography. T 



Terra, in Chemijlry. > Sec Eartu. 



Terra, in Natural Hiflory. j 



Terra 



