T E R 



his fecond voyage, Capt. Cook, dofirous of coafting the 

 S. fide of Terra d.l Fuego, rouiul Cape Horn, to the 

 ftrait of Le Mairc, reached the W. coaft of the ifland 

 Dec. 17, 1774, and having continued to range it till the 

 20th, carae to an anchor in a place wiiich he called " Chrift- 

 mas Sound." Through the whole courfe of his naviga- 

 tions, he had never feen fo defolate a coaft. It feems to 

 he entirely compofcd of rocky mountains, without the leaft 

 appearance of vegetation. Thefe mountains terminate in 

 horrible jirecipices, tlie crni^gy fummits of which fpire up 

 to a vaft height ; fo that fcarcely any thing in nature can 

 appear with a more barren and favage afpedt than tlie whole 

 of the country. But barren and dreary as the land is about 

 Chriftmas Sound, it was not wholly deftitute of accommo- 

 dations. Near every harbour our navigator found frefh 

 water, and wood for fuel. The country abounds hkewife 

 witli wild fowl, and particularly with geefe : which, with 

 their Madeira wine, enabled them to keep a cheerful Chrift- 

 mas. The inhabitants of Terra del Fuego were found by 

 Capt. Cook to be of the fame nation which he had formerly 

 leen in Succefs Bay, and the fame with thofe denominated 

 by M. de Bougainville " Pecharas." They are a little, 

 ugly, half-ftarved, beardlefs race, and go almoft naked : 

 but it is their own fault that they are not better clad, as 

 nature has furniftied tliem witli ample materials for that 

 purpofe. By lining their feal-flcin cloaks with the (kins and 

 feathers of aquatic birds, by making the cloaks themfelves 

 larger, and by applying the faine materials to different parts 

 of clothing, they might render their drefs much more warm 

 and comfortable. But while they are doomed to exift in 

 one of the moft inhofpitable climates on the globe, they 

 have not fagacity enough to avail themfelves of thofe means 

 of adding to the conveniencies of life, which Providence 

 has put into their power. The captain, after having wit- 

 neffed many varieties of the human race, pronounces the 

 Pecharas to be the moft wretched. Thofe on the S. are 

 faid to be uncivihzed, treacherous, and barbarous ; while 

 thofe on the oppofite fide are reprefented as fimple, affable, 

 and perfeftly harmlefs. The tents which they inhabit 

 are made of poles, difpofed in a conical form, covered with 

 (kins, or the bark or leaves of trees. The country, though 

 barren, abounds with a variety of unknown plants, for ex- 

 citing the curiofity of the botanift. The extent of Terra 

 del Fuego, and confequently of the ftraits of Magellan, 

 was afcertained by Cook to be lefs than had been laid down 

 by the generality of navigators : nor was the coaft, upon 

 the whole, found to be fo dangerous as it has been repre- 

 fented : the winter was alfo remarkably temperate. The 

 fea-lions and fea-bears, the (hags and penguins on the coaft, 

 are abundant, and intermix, like domeftic cattle and poul- 

 try in a farm-yard, without attempting to moleft one an- 

 other. Eagles and vultures were feated on the hills 

 among the (hags in perfeft tranquillity. Sir Jofeph Banks, 

 Dr. Solander, and fome others, landed here in the month of 

 .January 1769, which is the time of fummcr in that part of 

 the globe, notwithftanding which, two of the company fell 

 a facrifice only by deeping one night, and Dr. Solander 

 himfelf hardly efcaped. S. lat. 52° 30' to ^f 35'. W. 

 long. 51° 20' tc 58^. 



Terra Magellanica. See Patagonia. 



Terra Ni-va, a bay in Hudfon's Bay. N. lat. 62° 4'. 

 W. long. 67^. 



Terra ilos Fumos, a trad of country on the S.E. of 

 Africa, N. of Natal. 



TERJtA Nova, a fea-port town of Sicily, in the valley of 

 Noto, fituated in a gulf or bay of the Mediterranean, 

 founded about the middle of the 13th century, by the era- 



T E R 



peror Frederick II. near the fcite of the ancient Gela. The 

 number of inhabitants is about 700 ; 50 miles W. of Syra- 

 cufc. N. lat. 37°. E. bng. 14° 10'. — Alfo, a river of 

 Sicily, which runs into the fea on the S. coaft. N. lat. 

 37°. E. long. 14° 10'. 



Teuua Nuova, a town of the ifland of Sardinia, fituated 

 in a bay of the Mediterranean, at the bottom of which is 

 the harbour, built on the ruins of Civita, an ancient cpif- 

 copal town ; 57 miles E.N.E. of SafTari. N. lat. 40° 52'. 



E. long. 9° 40' Alfo, a town of Etruria ; 14 miles N.W. 



of Arezzo. 



Terra del Paluccl, a town of Sicily, in the valley of 

 Mazara, on the fcite of the ancient Pelinus. 



Terra Vecchia, a town of Naples, in Calabria Citra ; 

 2 miles' S. of Cariati Nuovo. 



Terra a Terra. Gallies and other veffels are faid to go 

 terra a terra, when they never go far from the coaft. 



The phrafe is alfo applied, in the manege, to horfes that 

 make neither curvets nor balotades, but run fmoothly on 

 the ground in a prefTed gallop, only making httle leaps 

 or rifings with the fore-feet. 



The gallop is the foundation of the terra a terra, for iu 

 thefe two motions the principle of the adtion is the fame, 

 fince the terra a terra is only a fhortened gallop with the 

 croupe in, and the haunches following in a clofe and quick 

 time. And as the mezair is higher than the aftion of terra 

 a terra, and lower than that of curvets, it may be con- 

 cluded that the terra a terra is the foundation of the mezair, 

 as well as of curvets. 



In the terra a terra the horfe fhould be more together 

 than in the gallop, that he may mark his time and cadence 

 more diftinAly ; although in a true terra a terra there are 

 no times to be marked, for it is rather a gliding of the 

 haunches, which comes from the natural fprings in the 

 limbs of a horfe. 



When a horfe works terra a terra, he always ought, as 

 in the gallop, to lead with the legs that are within the 

 volte, his two fore-feet being in the air, and the moment 

 they are coming down, his two hind feet following. The 

 aftion of the gallop is always one, two, three, and four ; 

 the terra a terra is performed upon two lines and in two 

 times. 



To work a horfe terra k terra upon large circles, take 

 care to keep the body ftraight, fteady, and true in the 

 faddle, without leaning to one fide or the other. Lean 

 upon the outward ftirrup, and keep the outward leg nearer 

 the fide of the horfe than the otlier leg, taking care to do 

 it fo as not to be perceived. If you go to the right, keep 

 your bridle-hand a little on the outfide of the horfe's 

 neck, turning your little finger up without turning your 

 nails at the fame time ; although, if need be, you muft 

 turn them in order to make the inner rein work which 

 paffes over the httle finger. Keep your arms and elbows 

 to your hips ; by this means you will affure and confine 

 your hand, which ought to accompany, and, as it were, 

 run along the line of the circle with the horfe. Berenger's 

 Art of Horfemanfhip, vol. ii. c. 17. 



The term is alfo appHed by the French to dancers, who 

 cut no capers, nor fcarcely quit the ground. 



And hence, alfo, it is figuratively apphed to authors, 

 whofe ftyle is low and creeping. 



TERRACE, in Gardening, is a fort of raifed bank of 

 earth, &c. regularly formed in an oblong ma.iiner to any 

 length, broad enough to admit of a fpacious level walk at 

 top, and elevated confiderably above the level of the gene- 

 ral furface ; having the fides uniformly (loped, and laid with 

 grafs, and the top formed into a fl^t or level, fufftcicntly 



broacl 



