T E T 



T E T 



it to Kew garden, in 1772, and from thence the other gar- 

 dens of Europe have been fupplied. The plant is a ratlier 

 tender biennial herb, flowerinjr in Aiigiiil and September. 

 Forftcr tells us it proved a moil valuable refource to captain 

 Cook's crew, as a pot-herb, while his fliip lay at Tongatabu. 

 The whole plant is fucculent, covered with very minute 

 cryftalline dots, as if moift witii dew. Rnot fibrous. Stem 

 divided from the bottom into many irregular, round, leafy 

 branches. Leaves alternate, ftalked, fomewhat deltoid, en- 

 tire, rather heart-fliaped at the bafe, but tapering down into 

 the footjlalk. Flowers yellow, axillary, on (hort, ufually 

 folitary, ftalks. Fn/ll turbinate, clumfy, the fize of a 

 filberd, with four or five fliarp horns. The cells are five or 

 fix, anfwering to the number ofjlyles. 



8. "V. cryjlallina. Diamond Tetragonia. Ait. ed. 1. v. 2. 

 178. ed. 2. n. 6. Willd. n. 8. L'Herit. Stirp. v. 1. 81. 

 t. 39. " Decand. PI. Grafles, t. 34."' — Stem herbaceous. 

 Leaves ovate, feffile, dotted with crytlalhne points. Fruit 

 without thorns. — Native of Peru. Domley. Sent to Kew, 

 by M. Thouin, in 1788. It is annual, and flowers in the 

 dry (love in June. Hei-b a fpan high, covered with cryftal- 

 line granules, like the Ice-plant. Stem nearly ereft, branclied 

 from the bottom. Leaves acute, entire, about two inches 

 long, bright green. Flowers of a dull orange, or tawny 

 yellow, axillary, ftalked, moftly folitary. Calyx in four 

 fegments. Stamens about fixteen. Styles four. Drupa tur- 

 binate, quadrangular. Nut four-lobed, with four cells. 



For Tetragonia 'wiefolia, Linn. Suppl. 257, fee Halo- 

 RAGIS, n. I. 



TetkagonIA, in Gardening, contains plants of the 

 fnrubby and herbaceous, fucculent, perennial kinds, among 

 which the fpecies moft ufually cultivated are the following ; 

 the ihrubby tetragonia (T. fruticofa) ; the traihng tetrago- 

 nia (T. decumbens) ; the herbaceous tetragonia (T. her- 

 bacea) ; and the hedge-hog tetragonia (T. echinata). All 

 thefe plants are natives of the Cape, and, of courfe, of the 

 rather tender kind. 



Method of Culture The firft and lall: forts may be in- 



creafed by cuttings, which fhould be cut off from the plants 

 a few days before they are planted, that the part where they 

 are cut may be healed, fetting them out in July, that they 

 may have time to make good roots before winter, on a bed of 

 frefli earth, fliading them from the fun in the heat of the day. 

 They ftiould afterwards be frequently refrefhed with water 

 in fmall quantities. In a few weeks, when well rooted, they 

 ftionld be taken up, and planted into pots filled with light 

 frelli undunged earth, and be placed in a fhady fituation 

 until they have taken new root, after which they may be 

 placed with other hardy exotic plants in a Iheltered fituation, 

 where they may remain till the middle or latter end of Oc- 

 tober, at which time they fhould be removed into the green- 

 houfe, and placed where they may enjoy as much air as pof- 

 fible in mild weather, as they only require to be protefted 

 from the froft, being pretty hardy with refpeft to cold. 

 As, when planted in the full ground in the fummer feafon, 

 they are apt to grow rank and large, or even when permitted 

 to root into the ground through the holes at the bottom of 

 the pots, the pots fhould be frequently removed to prevent 

 it, as they are injured by it. 



The firft and fecond forts are likewife capable 'of being 

 raifed by feeds, fown in a gentle hot-bed, or in a warm 

 border of light frefh earth, in the ipring. When the plants 

 are about four inches high, they may be planted out in pots, 

 treating them in the fame manner as the cuttings. 



And the third fort will grow from cuttings planted eai'ly 

 ;n the fpring, in the fame manner as the others. 



The flirubby forts are durable in their ftems, roots, and 

 Vol. XXXV. 



branches ; but the herbaceous kinds often die down in the 

 ftalks an<I branches towards the autumn, and fend up new 

 ones at the end of that feafon, which retain their leaves 

 during the winter months. 



They afford ornament among other potted plants, and 

 the firft fort has fomething fingulor and curious about it. 



TETRAGONIAS, a name given to a meteor whofe 

 head is of a quadrangular figure, and its tail or train long, 

 thick, and uniform : this is not much different from the trabs 

 or beam. 



TETRAGONIS,in Ancient Geography, a town of Ara- 

 chofia, at the foot of mount Caucafus, called more anciently 

 Cartana. Pliny. 



TETRAGONISM, T=Tf^-o,.,^uo-, a term which fome 

 authors ufe to exprefs the quadrature of the circle. 



TETRAGONOPTERUS, in Ichthyology. See Sal- 

 MO Bimaculatus. 



TETRAGONOPTRUS. See Zeu.s, Ch.^todon 

 Cornutus, Nigricans, and Capijlratus. 



TETRAGONOTHECA, in Botany, from iiT^o.yma;, 

 quadrangular, and 9>;>ct:, a cafe, or cell, a name firft contrived 

 by Dillenius, to exprefs the fquare form of the common 

 calyx, and now retained by L'Heritit-r and Willdenow for 

 the original and only remaining fpecies of the genus. See 

 the others under Didelta, Polymnia, and Wedelia. 

 —Dill. Ekh. 378. Linn. Gen. 438. L'Herit. Stirp. 177. 

 Willd. Sp. PI. V. 3. 21 16. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 84. Purfti 



563 Clafs and order, Syngenefia Polygaminfuperflua. Nat. 



Ord. Compoftic nppnfit folia, Linn. Corymhifrtt, Juif. 



Gen. Ch. Common Calyx fimple, large, of one leaf, in 

 four deep, flat, fpreading, triangular-heartfhapcd fegments, 

 permanent. Cor. compound, radiant. Florets of the diflc 

 perfeft, numerous, funnel-fhapcd, five-cleft, rcflexed ; 

 thofe of the radius ten or twelve, ligulate, dilated outwards, 

 three-cleft, equal, bluntifh. Stam. in the florets of the 

 diflc. Filaments five, capillary, very Ihort ; anthers united 

 into a cylindrical tube. Fiji, in all the florets. Germcn 

 roundifli ; ilyle thread-fhaped, the length of the ftamens ; 

 ftigmas two, reflexed or revolute. Peric. none. Seeds foli- 

 tary ; in the dillc roundifti ; in the radius fomewhat ovate. 

 Down none. Recept. chaffy. 



Eff. Ch. Receptacle chaffy. Seed-down none. Calyx 

 fiinple, of one leaf, quadrangular, in four deep fegments. 



Obf. The fynonym of Tetragonoihcca, Linn. Gen. 438, 

 fliould be erafed from our article Poi.ymnia. 



I. T. helianthoides. Sun-flower Tetragonothcca. Linn. 

 Sp. PL 1273. Willd. n. I. Ait. n. I. Purflin. I. (T. 

 doronici maximi folio ; Dill. Elth. 378. t. 283. Polymnia 

 tetragonotheca ; Linn. Syft. Veg. ed. 13. 658. Sm. Inf. 

 of Georgia, v. 2. 137. t. 69.) — Native of North America, 

 in a fertile foil, on the borders of woods, and along hedges, 

 from Virginia to Florida, flowering from July to September. 

 Purjli. The root is perennial, hardy in our gai'dens. Stem 

 ereft, round, leafy, hairy, branched, from four to fix 

 feet high. Leaves hairy, veiny, toothed or wavy ; the 

 lowermoft ftalked, ovate ; upper feflile ; oppofite acute. 

 Flowers from the forks and ends of the branches, ftalked, 

 large, of a golden yellow, refembling a fun-flower. 



TETRAGONUS, in Jnatomy, a mufcle, called alfo 

 quadrntus geutt. 



TET R A G R AMMATON, Tcrpa') fxjxjxxn-., a denomina- 

 tion given by the Greeks to the Hebrew name of God, 

 mn' Jehovah, becaufe in the Hebrew it confifts of four 

 letters. See AdONAI. 



TETRAGYNIA, in Botany, from t(1^«, and yum, a 



female, the name of an order in feveral claffes of the Linnxan 



artificial fvftem, charadlerized, as the word itfelf imports, 



3G by 



