TEUCRIUM. 



t. 97-)— Chfs and order, D'ulynnmia Gymno/penim. Nat. 

 Ord. FerlicilliiLe, Linn. Labuit.t, .Tiid". 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, cloven 

 bah" way down into live acute, nearly equal, fegments, gib- 

 bous on one fide at its bafe, permanent. Cor. of one petal, 

 ringent. Tube cylindrical, ihort, ending in an uicurvcd 

 throat. Upper lip ered, acute, divided throughout nito 

 two diftant fegments, divaricated towards each fide : lower 

 fpreading, three-cleft; its lateral fegments rcfembling the 

 upper lip, ne.-ir)y ereft ; the central one roundilli, and very 

 large. Slam. Filaments four, awl-ftaped, longer th.m the 

 upper lip of the corolla, afccnding, curved, prominent be- 

 tween its divifions ; antliers fmall, incumbent. Pift. Ger- 

 men fnperior, deeply four-lobed ; ftyle thread-fhaped, agree- 

 ing with the ftamens in fize and pofition ; rtignias two, (len- 

 der, acute. Peric. none, the unchanged calyx containing 

 the feeds in its concave bafe. Seeds four, roundifli, reticu- 

 lated or wrinkled. 



Eif. Ch. Upper lip of the corolla deeply divided, beyond 

 its bafe, divaricated. Stamens prominent. 



Obf. The upper lip of the corolla being fo deeply di- 

 vided, even below its bafe, into the tube itfelf, and its feg- 

 ments fo far afunder, there feems to be no upper lip at all. 

 The latter however is more truly the cafe in Ajuga, to tvhich, 

 and not to Teucrium, belongs the Chamnpitys of Tourncfort ; 

 its upper lip being, in a manner, cut away. Teucnum of 

 Tourncfort has a bell-fhapcd calyx, and the middle fegment 

 of the lower lip of its corolla concave. Pol'ium of the fame 

 author has its flowers coUefted into denfe terminal heads. 

 His Gbamiidrys has axillary flowers, and a tubular calyx. 

 Marum of Boerhaave has tiiyme-like leaves, and a peculiarly 

 pungent fmell. Scordium of Ray and Rivicus has the odour 

 of garlic, ha of Dillenius has the calyx very protuberant 

 at the lower part. All thefe neverthelefs form together a 

 mod natural and well-defined genus, whofe qualities are 

 more or lefs aromatic or bitter ; its habit ufually herbaceous, 

 moftly perennial, often flirubby ; leaves oppofite, fimple, 

 though in fome inftances much divided ; pubeicence various, 

 but hardly ever abfent ; flowers blue, red, yellow, or whitifli, 

 axillary, folitary or whorled, pauicled or capitate ; their in- 

 curved ftamens and flyle always very confpicuous between 

 the divifions of the upper lip. 



Thirty -five fpecies are enumerated in the fourteenth edi- 

 tion of Linn. Syft. Veg. from which Chamitpitys, ha and 

 falkifoUuin are to be removed to Ajuga. Willdenow, after 

 making thefe deduftions, has fixty-four. He follows Schre- 

 ber and others, in making many more fpecies out of the 

 allies of Poll urn, than Linnaeus would ever allow to be more 

 than varieties. Two new ones from Crete are added in the 

 Prodr. Fl. Grsec. The genus is generally European, but 

 not entirely fo, and for the moft part inhabits warm funny 

 climates. No attempt has been made to diflribute it into 

 feftions. We fliall indicate fome traces of fuch, as we feleft 

 the more curious or remarkable fpecies for illuftration, de- 

 fcribing all the Briti(h as well as the new ones. 



T. campnnulatum. Bell-lhaped Germander. Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 786. Willd. n.'i. Ait. n. I. (T. fupinum, perennc, 

 palufl;re, apulum, glabrum, foliis laciniatis, flore albo ; Till. 

 Pif. 163. t. 49. f. I.) — Leaves many-cleft, nearly fmooth. 

 Flowers axillary, folitary. Calyx awned. Stem procum- 

 bent. — Native of moift fituations, in Italy and the Levant, 

 Miller appears to have cultivated it in 1728, but the true 

 plant is now fcarcely to be feen in our gardens, and is little 

 known to botanifts. The fynonym of TiUi has no right to 

 be marked as a variety, anfwering exaftly to the Linnxan 

 fpecimens and defcription, nor do we find any other fio-ure 

 -^f this fpecies. Schreber feems to have mifled Willdenow, 



to quote a fynonym of Rivinus, which has no exifteiicc. 

 This we find tranfcribed into Hort. Kew. with a correftiou 

 of t. 14 for 24 ; though nothing but 7'. Botrys is there to 

 be feen. No lefs incorreftly is Rivinus, t. 19, cited by 

 Willdenow, after Schreber, for 7. orientak ; as Dr. Sims 

 has noticed in Curt. Mag. 1279. ■^* eampanulatum is a very 

 diftinft, perennial, herbaceous, nearly fmooth, fpecies, whofe 

 Jlcms are fquare, leafy, more or lefs prollrale and creeping. 

 Leaves an inch long, twice three-cleft, with bluntifli, notched, 

 nightly revolute fegments. Floiuers axillary, folitaiy, op- 

 pofite, ftalked, with a large, bell-ihaped, rather pungent- 

 pointed, calyx. The corolla is faid to be white. 



T. Ix'vigatum. Smooth Yellow Germander. Vahl Symb. 

 V. T. 40. Willd. n. 2. — Quite fmooth. Lower leaves many- 

 cleft ; upper three-cleft, entire. Flowers axillary, folitary. 

 Segments of the calyx oblong, without awns. — Gathered 

 at Montevideo, by Commerfon, whofe fpecimen is before 

 us. This fpecies is larger in all its parts than the foregoing, 

 and appears to be herbaceous and ereft, quite fmooth, ex- 

 cept a flight downinefs, here and there, upon the young 

 branches or ftalks. Leaves ftalked, an inch and half leng, 

 deeply divided into three wedge-fltaped, jagged, blunt, very 

 fmooth and flat, lobes ; the upper, or floral, ones much 

 fmaller and narrower, limply three-cleft. Flowers yellow. 

 Segments of the calyx oblong-lanceolate, with one central 

 rib and two marginal ones, acute, but not tipped with any 

 awn or briilly point. 



T. onentale. Great-flowered Germander. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 786. Willd. n. 3. Ait. n. 2. Curt. Mag. t. 1279. (T. 

 orientale anguftifolium laciniatum, flore magiio fubcteruleo ; 

 Comm. Rar. 25. t. 25.) — Leaves deeply tliree-cleft, many- 

 cleft, linear. Clufters terminal, compound. Flower-llalks 

 horizontal, longer than the floral leaves. — Native of the Le- 

 vant. " Cultivated by Miller, and recently reftorcd to our 

 gardens by feeds obtained from Siberia, by Mr. Loddiges. 

 The root is perennial. Several declmibent branches from 

 the root bear leaves divided into many linear fegments ; but 

 the foliage of the ereft panicled flowering Jlem is doubly 

 three-cleft below, fimply above. Itiflorefcence terminal, race- 

 mofe, compound, with fmall bradeaceous leaves. Floivers 

 numerous, almoft as Large as thofe of T. fruticans hereafter 

 defcribed, of a light purplifli-blue. All the herbage, and 

 even the corolla, is hairy or downy. We have already men- 

 tioned, under our firft fpecies, that the citation of Rivinus 

 by Willdenow is an error. 



T. Botrys. Cut-leaved Annual Germander. Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 786. Willd. n. 5. Ait. n. 3. Mill. Ic. t. 264. f. I. 

 (Iva mofchata, folio multifido ; Riv. Monop. t. 14. Cha- 

 mjepitys fccmina ; Ger. Em. 525.) — Leaves many-cleft. 

 Flowers axillary, oppofite, in pairs, turned oneway. Calyx 

 tubular, inflated and gibbous at the bafe. — Native of Ger- 

 many, Switzerland, France and Italy, in dry fields. Root 

 annual, fibrous. Herb hairy, branched from the bottom, 

 ereft. Leaves deeply pinnatifid, fomewhat three-lobed. 

 Flowers ftalked, crimfon, four together, making a fort of 

 half whorl. The calyx becomes greatly enlarged after 

 flowering, tubular, reni;u-kably inflated below, and termi- 

 nating in five triangular, awned, converging teeth. 



T. trtfidum. Trifid-leaved Germander. Retz. Obf. 

 fafc. 1. 21. Willd. n. 7. Ait. n. 5. (T. capenfe; Thunb. 

 Prodr. 95.) — Leaves hoary, in three deep linear iegments. 

 Stalks axillary, three-flowered. Calyx hoary, without 

 awns. — Gathered at the Cape of Good Hope, by Thun- 

 berg and Maffon. The latter fent feeds to Kew in 1 791. 

 The plar.t is fhrubby, flowering moft part of the fummer, 

 and kept in the greenhoufe in winter. Its afpeft ia not un- 

 like Winter Savory, but more hoary. The fegments of the 

 7 leaves 



