TEUCRIUM. 



T. Ardu'wl Arduino's Germander. Linn. Mant. 8i. 

 Willd. n. zo. Sm. Fl. Grace. Sibth. t. 531, unpubliHied. 

 (T. foliis ovato-crenatis, fubliirfutis, petiolatis, caulibus 

 fpica flavefceiite pikjfa terminitis ; Arduin. Spec. I. 12. 

 t. 3. Scutellaria crctica ; Linn. Sp. PI. 836. Willd. Sp. 

 PI. V. 3. 176. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 429. Caffida cretica 

 fruticofa, catariac folio, flore albo ; Tourn. Cor. II.) — 

 Leaves ovate, ferrated, hairy. Clufters denfely innbricztcd, 

 cylindrical, with linear brafteas, longer than the flowers. 

 Upper ffgment of the calyx dilated, hcart-fliapcd ; two 



loweft fetaccous Native of Crete, and of the fhady woods 



of the Bithynian Olympus. It appears to have been culti- 

 vated by Miller in 1729. Although Linnaeus, in referring 

 this plant, after Tournefort, to Scutellaria, perceived it to 

 be a Tsucrium, neither he nor any one elfe, till lately, fuf- 

 peAed it to be defcribed twice over in his works. This we 

 difcovereJ by a comparifon of original fpecimens. Thejlem 

 is herbaceous, not (hrubby, fquare, crofs-branched, leafy, 

 rough witli fpreading hairs. Leaves ftalked, not unlike thofe 

 of Balm in fize, form, and colour. Clufters from one to four 

 inches long, near an inch in diameter, iblitary at the ends of 

 the branches, ereft, of innumerable crowded white ^owfrj-. 

 The calyx is hairy, fnddenly bent downwards at its taper bafe, 

 then horizontal, its border very unequally five -cleft ; the 

 upper fegment broad, as in Scutellaria, reflexed at the fides, 

 tipped with a briftle ; two next (hort, triangular ; two loweft 

 long, narrow, with pungent points. 



T. canadenje. Nettle-leaved Hoary Germander. Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 7S9. Willd. n. 21. Ait. n. 13. Purfh n. i. 

 (Chama;dryscanadenfis, urticx folio, fubtils incano ; Tourn. 

 Inft. 205.) — Leaves ovato-lanceolate, ftalked, fnarply fer- 

 rated, downy on both fides ; hoary beneath. Clufter ter- 

 minal, denfe, fomewhat whorled. Brafteas ovate, (horter 



than the flowers. Segments of the calyx nearly equal In 



low grounds, on the borders of ponds and lakes, from Ca- 

 nada to New York, perennial, flowering in July and Au- 

 guft. The habit of the leaves and injlorefcencc is like that 

 of fome fpiked Veronica. At the infertion of each pair of 

 footftalks, the Jlcm is furrounded with a ring of prominent 

 hairs. The calyx is bell-lhaped, with five broad, nearly 

 equal, fegments. Corolla purple. 



T. lArginicum. Viginian Germander. Linn. Sp. PI. 789. 

 Willd. n. 22. Ait. n. 14. Purfh n. 2. " Schkuhr Handb. 

 t. 160.'' (T. virginianum meliflbphyllon, floribus caeruleis ; 

 Pluk. Ahnag. 363. Phyt. t. 318. f. 1 ; with a very faulty 

 reprefentation of the corolla. ) — Leaves ovate-oblong, fer- 

 rated, downy ; the upper ones feffile. Spikes crowded, 



whorled. Brafteas the length of the calyx In low grounds 



and bogs, from New York to Carolina, perennial, flowering 

 from June to Auguft. It very much refembles the laft. 

 Purjh. — Miller is faid to have cultivated both thefe North 

 American fpecies in 1768. We have feen only the former. 



T. abutiloides. Mulberry-leaved Germander. L'Herit. 

 Stirp. V. I. 84. Willd. n. 27. Ait. n. 17. Jacq. Hort. 

 Schoenbr. v. 3. 58. t. 358.— Leaves heart-fhaped, acute, 

 crcnate, downy. Clufters axillary, not longer than the foot- 

 ftalks — Difcovered by Mr. Mafl'on in Madeira, from whence 

 It was brought to Kew, in 1777. It flowers in the green- 

 houfe in April and May, and is confpicuous for the large 

 fize of Its ha-ves, four or five inches long, on denfely downy 

 footftalks, half that length. The ftowers are no lefs remark- 

 able for their golden hue, and their fituation in denfe, foli- 

 tary, lateral, ftalked c/a/^^rj, which rarely equal the footftalks 

 in length. 



- T. 5'<roro<i)n;a. Wood Germander, or Wood Sage. Linn. 

 Sp. PL 789. Willd. n. 28. Fl. Brit. n. i. Engl. Bot. 

 t. 1543. Curt. Lond. fafc. 5. t. 40. Fl. Dan. t. 485. 



4 



(Scorodonia; Rivin. Monop. Irr. t. 12. S. five Salvia 

 agreftis ; Ger. Em. 662.) — Leaves heart -fliaped, ferrated, 

 ftalked, hairy. Stem eredt. Flowers leaning to one fide, in 

 lateral and terminal clufters. — Very common in dry heath) 

 ground, and fandy woods, throughout Europe, from Nor- 

 way to Greece, flowering in July and Auguft. Linnjeus 

 feems to have recollefted this plant with delight in the fields 

 of Hartecamp, where the garden of his friend Cliffort had 

 been to him a real paradife. The )-oot is creeping and pe- 

 rennial. Herb a foot or two in height, dark green, hairy, 

 bitter, with a ftrong fcent like hops, for which it is faid to 

 be not a bad fubftitute in brewing. We wifti nothing worfe 

 had ever been ufed. The long aggregate clufters oi ftotuers 

 are rendered confpicuous by the contraft of the pale yellow 

 corolla and purple ftamens. The upper fegment of the calyx 

 approaches in form and breadth to what we have pointed out 

 as fo remarkable in T. Arduini, 



T. betonicum. Hoary Germander. Ait. ed. I. v. 2. 279. 

 ed. 2. n. 19. Willd. n. 30. L'Herit. Stirp. v. i. 83.1.40. 

 Curt. Mag. t. 1 1 14. (T. betonicasfolium ; Jacq. Coll. 

 V. I. 14J. t. 17. f. 2.) — Leaves ovato-lanceolate, bluntly 

 ferrated, ftalked, foft and downy ; hoai-y beneath. Stem 

 flirubby. Clufters aggregate, terminal. Bracleas lanceo- 

 late, entire. Native of Madeira. A very handfome green- 

 houfe ftirub, introduced by fir Jofeph Banks, in 1 775, flower- 

 ing moft part of the fummer, and eafily propagated by cut- 

 tings. The crimfon ftoiuers are elegantly contrafted with 

 the hoarinefs of the herbage ; the upper furface of the leaves 

 being greener than the reft. The fegments of the upper lip 

 of the corolla being broader and blunter than ufual, feme 

 doubts have been ftarted whether this fpecies belonged to 

 Teucriiim or to Ajuga, or whether thefe genera were really 

 diftinft. To this we would anfwer, that the habit of the 

 latter is peculiar, and its eflential charafter no lefs clear, con- 

 fifting in a Ihort notched upper lip, inftead of the remotely- 

 lobea one of Tiftrnum. We believe moreover that the cen- 

 tral lobe of the lower lip is always divided and divaricated in 

 Ajuga. 



T. majftl'ienfe. Apple-fcented Germander. Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 789. Willd. n. 32. Ait. n. 21. Jacq. Hort. Vind. 

 V. 1. 41. t. 94. (T. n. 6; Gerard. Gallopr. 277. t. 11.) 

 — Leaves ovate, rugged, hoary, ftrongly crenate. Stem 

 ereft. Flowers turned to one fide, in lateral and terminal, 



upright clufters Native of the ides of Hyeres, butfcarcely 



known in any other country, nor is it often to be feen in 

 gardens. Theftenu are afoot high. Leaves ftalked, blunt- 

 ifh, hardly an inch long. Flowers fmall, light crimfon. 

 Upper fegment of the calyx broad-ovate. The whole herb 

 is clothed with a hoary, foft, velvet-like pubefcence, and 

 when touched exhales a very powerful and pecuhar fcent, 

 hke mellow apples, and therefore, to many people, not agree- 

 able, though combined with a fpicy fragrance. Gerard's 

 plate, like the others in his book, is very finely executed. 



T. ScorcRum. Water Germander. Linn. Sp. PI. 790. 

 Willd. n. 34. Fl. Brit. n. 2. Engl. Bot. t. 828. Woodv. 

 Med. Bot. t. 57. Fl. Dan. t. 593. (Scordium ; Rivin. 

 Monop. Irr. t. 1 1. Ger. Em. 661.) — Leaves oblong, feflfile, 

 with tooth-like ferratures. Flowers axillary, ftalked, in 

 pairs. Stem procumbent. — Native of marftiy places in va- 

 rious parts of Europe, but rare in England, except in the 

 Ifle of Ely. It appears to be the true a-M^^m of Diofcorides, 

 retaining a fimilar appellation, among the modern Greeks, 

 and occurring, as Dr. Sibthorp obferved, in Crete, Zante, 

 and Afia Minor. The root is perennial and creeping. Herb 

 decumbent or proftrate, hairy, and fomewhat hoary, very 

 bitter, with a ftjong, unpleafant, garlic-hke fcent. Flo-wcrs 

 pale purple, in oppofite pairs, f^fom the bofom.s of moft of 



the 



