THALICTRUM. 



warly naked. -Flowm droop.nj;. St rnens coloured. - 

 On dry funny hills, in Pcnnfylva.na and V^r.^n.... Perennial 

 (lowering in May and .lune. A (mall plan . Sum and 

 yfW«// purple.' Purjb. Linnxus contralts tb.s w.th 

 r. minus, ^ fpccies concerning wh.ch his ideas were too 

 vague, for u, to learn any thing from fuch a companfon, 

 nor does hi8 herb-vium lend us any certain aid. . There is, 

 however, an unmarked fpecimcn, which he affocated will 

 7-. dioicum, but which may poinbly be th^ purpuraficns. H 

 has broad ivv-like Uqfirls, but is more particularly diftin- 

 Euifhed by fhort elliptical a,>tkrs, whofe //«-««;/. f ^g'"^- 

 duaUy dilated upwards, approaching to thofe of 1 .Jhrnun-um 

 hereafter defcribcd. 



14 T. pubefctns. Downy Polygamous Meadow-rue. 



Purih n. 4. Muhlenb. Cat. 54 Leaflets ovate, fome- 



wl.at heart -ftiaped, or wedge-fliapcd ; threc-lobed at the 

 end ; (lightly downy beneath. Panicles terminal. !• lowers 

 polygamous. Anthcj-s linear. Styles awl-lhaped, twice as 

 long^as the germcns.— On the banks of ditches and rivulets, 

 i:>, Peniifylvania and Virginia, flowering from .lune to Auguft. 

 A tall fpecies, with white fiowers. Purfli. We have this 

 flora our late venerable correfpondent, the Rev. Dr. Muh- 

 lenberg. The kijfl-ts are rather large ; dark green, and 

 fomcwhat rugged, above ; paler, reticulated with prominent 

 veins, and minutely downy, at the back. Flowers nearcft 

 to thofe of T. diokum, and hke them diftinguifhed by long 

 tapering jligmas. The anthers are linear-oblong ; their 

 f laments almoft equally flender throughout. 



\^.T. angujlifolium. Narrow-leaved Meadow-rue. Linn. 

 Sp, PI. 769. Willd. n. 14. Ait. n. 13. Jacq. Hort. 



Vind. V. 3. 25. t. 43 Leaflets linear-lanceolate, or linear, 



mofl.ly undivided, entire. Panicle much branched, denfe. 

 rlowers ereft. Stigmas heart -fhaped, half the length of 

 the germens. Native of Switzerland and Germany, but not 

 frequent any where. Dr. Sibthorp, however, gathered it 

 on the Bithynian Olympus. Miller fecms to have cultivated 

 it, in his time, at Chelfea, but we have fcarcely ever feen a 

 living fpecimen, and we are much inchned to concur in 

 opinion with thofe who judge it a variety of the following, 

 their habit, inflorefcence, :mdjh)iuers, being exaftly the fame, 

 however diiferent the breadth of their kaflets. Bauliin's 

 fynonym, uniformly referred to this, certainly belongs to 

 T.Jlmplcs, n. 17. 



16. T. flavum- Common Meadow-rue. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 770. Wi'lld. n. 15. Fl. Brit. n. 4. Engl. Bot. t. 367. 

 Fl. Dan. t. 939. (T. nigricans ; Jacq. Aiiflr. v. 5. 10. 

 t.421. Willd. n. 16. T. nigrius, caule et femine ftriato ; 

 Bauh. Hift. v. 3. 486. T. majus, foliis rugofis trifidis ; 

 Morif. feft. 9. t. 20. f. 3.) — Leaflets rounded or oblong, 

 three-cleft. Panicle mucii branched, denfe. Flowers ereft. 

 Stigmas heart-lhaped, half the length of the germens — 

 Found in moift meadows, and the reedy margins of rivers, 

 throughout Europe, from Sweden to Greece, flowering in 

 July. The root is yellow, perennial. Stem three feet high, 

 ercft, fmooth, leafy, furrowed or angular, fimple below. 

 Leaves nearly feffile, twice ternate, with a fhort flieathing 

 bafe, ox footjlalk ; leaflets flightly glaucous, mofl fo beneath ; 

 either undivided or three-cleft, entire, veiny, varying ex- 

 tremely in breadth, length, and (harpnefs. Panicle terminal, 

 ereft, denfe, corymbofe, much branched, fomewhat leafy. 

 Flowers and flamens ereft, ycUowifh-white, with oblong, 

 flightly pointed, yellow anthers. Stigmas oblique, heart- 

 fhaped, downy. Seeds deeply furrowed. The vague re- 

 femblance of this plant to the garden rue, and its place of 

 growth, feem to have given the Englilh name of the whole 

 genus. .lacquin's nigricans, found frequently in England, 

 differs merely in the elongation and comparative narrownefs 



9 



of its kiijl.ts, wluch approach in tliufc rcfpeits to tlic mgiij- 

 /j/b/<um, lail defcribcd. 



17. T. Jimjtlex. Simple-ftalked Meadow-rue. Linn. 

 Mant. 78, excluding the fynonym. Willd. n. 17. Ait. 

 n. 15. Fl. Dan. t. 244. Ehrh. Phytoph. 15. (T. anguf- 

 tifolium; Villars Dauph. v. 3. 712. T. anguftiifimo folio ; 

 Bauh. Prodr. 146. Morif. fed. 9. t. 20. f. 8.) — Leaflets, 

 linear. Stem angular, fimple. Panicle branched, com- 

 pound, lax, fomewhat racemofe. Flowers pendulous. 

 Stigmas roundifli-hcartfhaped Native of Sweden, Den- 

 mark, Switzerland, and France. Introduced at Kcw by 

 the very eminent cultivator and botanifl; M. Thouin, in 

 1778. It is a hardy perennial, flowering in May and June. 

 This is unquelHonably akin to the lafl;, but eflentially dif- 

 tinft. The whole plant is but half as large, with a much 

 more angular _^fm. The leaflets are extremely narrow, and 

 revolute, unaccompanied by any of the partial ftipulary 

 fcales, feen on the leaves oi 1'. Jlavum. The panicle is more 

 oblong and lax, not corymbofe. Flotvers fmaller, droop- 

 ing, or rather quite pendulous, not ereft. Petals green, 

 not white or yellowifh. Stigmas remarkably round and 

 convex. We have fpecimens from Villars, which prove the 

 corredlnefs of Willdenow refpefting his fynonym. We have 

 alfo from profeflbr Lachenal a fpecimen gathered at Michel- 

 feld, which fliews this to be the plant of Bauhin, cited by 

 Linnxus and others for T- anguflifolium. Indeed Bauhin's 

 wooden cut, copied by Moriion, fufficiently evinces this, 

 though, being delineated perhaps from a dried fpecimen, it 

 is not exaft in the pofition of the flowers. 7". gallioides, 

 Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 585. we believe is a very narrow- 

 leaved variety oijimplex. 



18. T. lucidum. Shining-leaved Meadow-rue. Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 770. V\nild. n. 18. Ait. n. 16. (T. mious 

 lucidum, lib.inotidis coronariae foliis ; Pluk. Phyt. t. 65. 

 f. 5.) — " Stem leafy, funowed. Leaflets linear, flefliy." — 

 Said to be a native of France and Spain. Miller had fome- 

 thing in his garden which paflfed for this plant, and hence it 

 is enumerated in Hort. Kew. We have never feen a fpeci- 

 men, nor did Linnteus know any more of the matter than 

 what Dalibard, whofe fpecific charaftcr we more exaftly 

 copy, has given in his Fl. Paris. 162. The late Mr. Davall 

 fent us a Swifs ThaliBrum for lucidum, which anfwers to the 

 charafter, but is indubitably xheflmplex in a luxuriant Hate. 

 Linna;u3 thought the lucidum was probably a variety of 



flavum. We prefume various things have been taken for 

 this plant, but in reahty that it has no exiftence as a fpecies. 



19. T. aguilegifolium. Columbine-leaved Meadow-rue, or 

 Feathery Columbine. Linn. Sp. PI. 770. Willd. n. 19. 

 Ait. n. 17. Jacq. Auftr. v. 4. 10. t. 318. Curt. Mag. 

 t. l8l8. (T. r.tropurpureum ; Jacq. Hort. Vind. v. 3. 34. 

 t. 61. T. majus, florum ftaminibus purpurafcentibus ; 

 Bauh. Pin. 337. Morif. feft. 9. t. 20. f. 16.) — Leaflets 

 rounded, lobed, and cut. Stem round. Panicle corym- 

 bofe. Flowers ereft. Stamens dilated upwards. Germens 



ftalked. Fruit pendulous, with three dilated wings 



Native of Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, Thrace, and 

 Greece, common and hardy in our gardens, flowering from 

 May to July. The flem is three or four feet high, round, 

 fomewhat fl;riated, leafy, fmooth, either glaucous or pui"ple. 

 Leaves large and fpreading, much refembling thofe of 

 Aquilegia vulgaris, though often' more acute. Flowers- 

 large and elegant, white or pale violet ; their petals reflexed ; 

 their very numerous flamens moderately dilated upwards, 

 flattened, of the hue of the petals, with fhort yellow anthers. 

 Germens triangular, on long ftalks, at length deflexed or 

 pendulous, and becoming fomewhat obovate, obtufe, 

 llraighti/h feeds, with three unequal, much dilated, fmooth 



