T H E 



Ilia naine was fo obnoxious, that a reward pf 200 taknts 

 had been offered for apprehending; him. Here he appeared 

 in difguife, and pretending that he had important informa- 

 tion which he \vi(hed to communicate to the king in perfon, 

 he was admitted to the royal prefence, and favourably re- 

 ceived : the 200 talents, which were the price of his head, 

 were paid to himfclf, and a more ample recompence was 

 offered to him, if he would give iifcful information concern- 

 ing Greece. He was granted time for acquiring the Perfian 

 language, and after a year he appeared at court Tike a native. 

 The king and royal family treated him with diftinftion ; and 

 it is faid tliat tlie "revenues of three cities, -viz. Magnefia, 

 Lampfacus, and Myus, were affigned him, under the name of 

 bread, «ine and meat ; and as fome fay, two more, for 

 lodging and wardrobes. In this ftatc of luxury and magni- 

 ficence he was joined by the members of his family, who had 

 been conveyed to hini by his friends, and to them he ex- 

 preffed a kind of fatisfaftion with his condition, which 

 proves that moral meannefs may accompany exalted talents. 

 The clofe of his hfe is involved in obfcurity. Plutarch 

 relates, that upon the revolt of Egypt, fupported by the 

 Athenians, againll the Perfian dominion, the Greek king, 

 rcfolving to fend an expedition into Greece, difpatched an 

 order to Themiftocles at Magnefia, reminding him of his 

 promifes, and claiming the fulfilment of them : upon which 

 it is faid, that, in order to avoid the difgrace of bearing 

 arms againft his country, after facrificing to the gods and 

 taking folemn leave of his friends, he drank poifon, and died 

 in that city at the age of fixty-five years. Thucydides, 

 his contemporary, fays that he died of a diftemper ; and 

 others again report, that he poifoned himfelf, becaufe it was 

 not in his power to accomplilh what he had promifed. The 

 Magnefians honoured his memory with a fumptuous tomb ; 

 but his remains, according to his own orders, were privately 

 conveyed to Attica, where they were interred. It is fur- 

 ther faid, that the Athenians, repentinjj of their treatment 

 of him, raifed a tomb for him in the Pyrsum, which was 

 an interefting objeft to all who vifited that port. His An- 

 gular talents, and the fervices which he rendered to his coun- 

 tnr, mufl be acknowledged ; and thofe who think favourably 

 of liira, afcribe his defertion of them to unjuft perfecution. 

 But in Themiftocles we look in vain for the virtues of an 

 Ariftides ; and he can only be allowed the honour of a dif- 

 tinguifhed general and ftatefman. Thucydides. Plut. in 

 Them. Ancient Un. Hift. 



THEMNA, TiMNA, or Thamnata, in Ancient Geogra- 

 phy, a town of Paleftine, in the tribe of Dan. Jo(h. xix. 

 43. — Alfo, a town of Arabia Deferta, on the confines of 

 Mefopotamia. 



THEN, in Geography, a river of France, which runs 

 into the Weze, near Francremont. 



THENA, in Ancient Geography, an ancient town of 

 Africa, fituated N.E. of the Tanais and near it, and two 

 miles in circuit — Alio, a town of Samaria, in the vicinity 

 of Sichem. 



THENAC, or Thanac, a royal town of Judaea, in 

 the half-tribe of Manafleh, on this fide of Jordan. It \vas 

 given to the Levites of this tribe, and its king was one of 

 thofe who were vanquilhed and flain by Joftiua. 



THEN^, a town of the ifle of Crete, near Cnoffus. 

 THENAR, in Anatomy. The eminence in the palm of the 

 hand, formed by the mufcles of the thumb, has been called 

 thenar : and fome of the mufcles have been defcribed under 

 the fame name. 



The thenar of Riolan and Winflow includes the abduftor 

 pollifis brevis, and the opponens pollicis. 



THENEATE el Gannim, the Sheep Cliffs, in Gcogra- 



T H E 



phy, mountains of Africa, in Sahara ; 90 miles S. of Al- 

 giers. 



THENEZAY, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Two Sevres ; 10 miles N.E. of Partenay. 



THENGEN, a town of Germany, which gives name 

 to a principality, fituated in the Hegau, bordering on Schaff- 

 haufen ; 8 miles N. of Schaffhaufen. 



THENON, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Dordognc ; 6 miles miles N.W. of Montignac. 



THENONGOUN, a town of the Birman empire ; 4 

 miles S.W. of Ava. 



THENOPSYCHITES. See Thnetopsychitrs. 



THENSA, among the Romans, a veil or canopy, ufed 

 in the chariots of games ; and likewife to cover a feat of 

 ftate. 



Thenfas could not be granted to any but by the exprefs 

 allowance of the fenate. Hift. Acad. Infcript. vol. i. 



P- 359- 



THEOBALD, Lewis, in Biography, a profeffed 

 writer, was the fon of an eminent attorney at Sittingbourn, 

 m the county of Kent, and is here noticed as one of the nu- 

 merous editors of Shakfpeare. Of his various works, critical, 

 poetical, and dramatic, it is needlefs to give any account, as 

 they have funk into oblivion. He had the misfortune of 

 becoming, to an undue degree, the objeft of Mr. Pope's 

 contempt and fatire, and of having the firft place affigned 

 him in the Dunciad, though he was afterwards fuperfeded 

 by Gibber. His edition of Shakfpeare was preceded hy a 

 work entitled " Shakfpeare reftored," andpublilhed in 1726; 

 and alfo by that of Mr. Pope. It is thus characfterized by 

 Dr. Johnfon : " Pope was fucceeded by Theobald, a man 

 of narrow eomprehenfion and fmall acquifitions, with no 

 native and intrinfic fplendour of genius, with little of the 

 artificial light of learning, but zealous for minute accu- 

 racy, and not negligent in purfuing it. He collated the 

 ancient copies, and reftified many errors. A man fo 

 anxioudy fcrupulous might have been expefted to do 

 more; for what little he did was commonly right." Of 

 the tragedy which he brought on the ftage, and which is 

 entitled " The Double Falfehood," the greater part is 

 afcribed by him to Shakfpeare ; but Dr. Farmer has proved 

 that this is a miftake. 



THEOBROMA, in Botany, the Chocolate-tree, received 

 that name from Linnaeus, who probably, hke the prefident 

 Bachot, cited by De Theis, was fond of the delicious pro- 

 duce of this tree ; for the word is formed of Sio;, a god, 

 and ^fajM, food. A French writer, M. Tuflac, in his 

 magnificent Flore des AntiUes, has objefted to the above 

 generic name, for a reafon which we confefs to have been 

 one of the laft we fliould have thought of ; that " it carries 

 with it the fignification of a quahty, and feems therefore 

 more fit for the name of a fpecies." Surely nothing can be 

 more defirable than a generic appellation which conveys 

 information ; on which account Amaranthus, Artocarpus, 

 Biferrula, are excellent ; we need not run through the bota- 

 nical alphabet in fearch of numerous others. Such probably 

 was the origin of moft names, in every language, and who 

 can tell that the American word Cacao, fubftituted, or rather 

 reftored, by Tuffac, may not exprefs fome quality of the 

 plant ? Neither is it an objeftion to any fignificative gene- 

 ric names, that they exprefs merely fome general property or 

 peculiarity, not found in every one of the fpecies, witnefs 

 Urtica. The idea of ftinging is aflbeiated with the name of 

 a Nettle ; hke rednefs with that of a Rofe ; though there 

 are Dead Nettles, and White Rofes. — Linn. Gen. 391, 

 with an erroneous defcription, correfted in Linn, Suppl. 

 341. Schreb. J13. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 1422. Mart. 



Mill. 



