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times depofcfl, and condemned, on account of his oppofition 

 to the council of ChalcL-don, was at laft fixed iu it, A.D. 

 482, by the authority of the emperor Zeno, and tlie favour 

 of Acacius, bifhop of Coiiftantinople ; whence they are alfo 

 fometimes denominated Fulloniani. 



Their diftiiiguilhing dodrine was, that the whole Trinity 

 fuffered i.i the palfion of Jefus Chrift. 



This herefy was embraced by the Eutycliian monks of 

 Scythia, or, according to La Croze, of Egypt ; who 

 ufing their utmoft efforts to make it obtain, raifed groat dif- 

 orders towards the beginning of the following century. 



It was condemned, at its firll rife, in the councils of Rome 

 and Conftantinoplc, held in 483. It was again revived in 

 the ninth century, and again condemned in a council at 

 Rome, held in 862, under pope Nicolas I. 



F. le Quien, in his notes on Damafcenus, fays, that the 

 fame error had been taught before FuUenfis, by Apolli- 

 narius, whofe difciples were the firft that were called Theo- 

 patitit:, or Tbeopafchit<t. 



THEOPHANES, in Biography, a Greek hiftorian and 

 poet, was of noble extraction, and born at Mitylene, in the 

 illand of Lefbos. About the commencement of the Mithri- 

 datic war, he is iuppofed to have come to Rome in his youih ; 

 and when Pompey was appointed to the cliief command 

 againft Mithridates, he took Theophancs with him to record 

 his exploits, procuring for liim the citizenfliip of Rome, and 

 adding to his name tliofe of " Cornelius Balbus." It is alfo 

 fuppofed that it was principally on his account, that on liis 

 return he vifitcd Lefbos, and reflored to the Mitylenians the 

 privileges of which they had been deprived by the Roman 

 fenate. At Rome he connedled himfelf with tlie mofl dif- 

 tinguidied citizens, and he was deputed to Alexandria for 

 the confirmation of treaties of aUiance with Ptolemy Auletes. 

 After the defeat of Pompey at Pharfalia, he accompanied 

 liim in his flight ; and by his advice this commander dechned 

 to take refuge with Juba, king of Mauritania, and failed to 

 Egypt, where he met his fate. Theophanes afterwards 

 joined the party of Csefar. The moft important of his 

 writings was a " Hiftcry of the Wars of the Romans, in 

 different Countries under the Command of Pompey." Of 

 this work there remain only five fragments, quoted by 

 Strabo, Plutarch, and Stob^us ; but Plutarch is fuppofed 

 to have made great ufe of his authority in his life of Pom- 

 pey, though he does not fpeak favourably of his charadler. 

 He fays, " Theophanes afTerts, that in the private papers of 

 Mithridates taken at Csnon, there was found a memorial, 

 compofed by Rutilius (Rufus), exhorting Mithridates to 

 maffacre all the Romans in Alia. But it is generally be- 

 ■lieved, that this was a malicious fiftion of Theophanes to 

 blacken RutiHus, whom probably he hated, becaufe he was 

 a perfeft contrail to himfelf ; or it might be invented by 

 Pompey, whofe father was reprefeiited by Rutihus in his 

 hiftory, as one of the worfl of men." Rutilius was a man 

 of fuch excellent charafter, as to be incapable of the crime 

 with which he is charged ; and without dOubt fuch a falfi- 

 iication of hiftory, for bafe and private purpofcs, is fuffi- 

 cient to deftroy all eftcem for the writer. 



Of trie poetry of Theophanes, which was celebrated in 

 his time, there remain only two epigrams, inferted in the 

 Anthologia. VofTius. Moreri. Gen. Biog. 



Theophanes, George, a Conftantinopolitan Greek, of 

 a rich and noble family, married young, but from fuperfti- 

 lious motives lived in a ftate of celibacy. He afterwards 

 became a moak. At the general council held in 787, he 

 was prefent, and was treated with rcfpeft. When Nicc- 

 phorus, patriarch of Conftantinople, was exiled by the 



envperor Leo the Armenian, Theophanes paid him txUi- 

 ordinary honoiu-s, and was himfelf baniflied to the iflc of 

 Samothrace, where he died in 8 1 8. His chronicle, com- 

 mencing where that of Syncellus tenninated, was extended 

 to the commencement of the reign of Michael Curopalata. 

 This was printed at Paris, with the Latin veifion and notes 

 of F. Goar, under the care of Combefis, in 1665, fol. 

 It is valuable for its fafts, but difplays the credulity and 

 weak judgment of a fuperflitiout mind. Voflius. Gen, 



Theophanes Puokopovitch (the fon of Procopius), 

 archbifhop of Novogorod, a learned RiifTian hiftorian, and 

 mifccllaneous writer, was born at Kiof in the year 1681, 

 and having fludied under his uncle Theophanes at the Brat- 

 fkoi convent in Kiof, travelled into Italy in his eighteenth 

 year. In three years he completed his courfe of preparatory 

 lludy, and then returned to his native town, where he read 

 leftures on the Latin and Slavonian art of poetry, at the 

 feminary where he had received his education. Having 

 afTumed tlie monallic habit, with the name of Thcophain'S, 

 he was appointed, at the age of twenty-five, prefcft of the 

 feminary, and profclfor of philofophy. By a Latin oration 

 and a fermon, delivered before c/.ar Peter the Great, he 

 attracted his notice, and was chofen his companion in his 

 war againft the Turks. In 171 1 he was made abbot of the 

 monallery of Bratflcoi, reftor of its feminary, and profcffor 

 of divinity. By cenfuring the ignorance of the clergy, and 

 endeavouring to excite a tafte for literature, he recommended 

 himfelf to the czar as a projier coadjutor in his plans for re- 

 forming the church. He was accordingly placed at the head 

 of the fynod, in the new ecclefiaftical eftablifhment, the 

 plan of which he had prepared, and in 1718 he was pro- 

 moted to the bilhopric of Plefliof. In 1720 he was created 

 archbilliop of the fame dioccfe, and foon after the acceffion 

 of Catharine I. he was advanced to the rank of archbifhop 

 of Novogorod, and metropolitan of all RufTia ; and in tfiis 

 ftation he died in 1730. This prelate was in a high de- 

 gree the patron of literature, and engaged in a variety of 

 ways, by his perfonal munificence and labour, in promoting 

 it. His works were fermons and theological tradls, a trea- 

 tife on rhetoric, and rules for compofing Latin and Slavonian 

 poetry, Latin verfes, and more efpecially the Life of Petet 

 the Great, terminating with his battle of Pultawa. Le 

 Clcrc aflerts that he endeavoured to perfuade Peter to intro- 

 duce the Proteftant religion into Ruflia, and that this event 

 would have taken place, if it had not been prevented by 

 Peter's death. The prelate's education at Rome, and the 

 high rank he fuftained In his own church, render this anec- 

 dote improbable. Coxe's Travels in Ruflia. 



THEOPHANIA, 0!o?i..,i.«, formed of Qfof, God, 

 and Zci.nu, I aftpear, in Antiquity, a feftival obferved by the 

 Delphians upon the day on which Apollo firft manifefted 

 himfelf to them. 



THEOPHANY, in Church Hipry, is fometimes ufed 

 in the fame fenfe with Epiphany. 



THEOPHILA, in Ancient Geography, a'town of India, 

 on this fide of the Ganges. 



THEOPHILE, named Viaud, \n Biography, a French 

 poet, was born at Clerac, in the Agenois, about the year 

 1590. By education he jv-as a Calvinift, but in his condudi 

 and writings he was licintious. In 1 619 he withdrew to 

 England, and unfuccefsfuUy attempted to introduce him- 

 felf to king James. After his return he abjured Calvinifm, 

 but his manners remained the fame. On account of a work 

 entitled " Le Parnaffe Satirique," publifhed in i62 2,)»and 

 attributed to him, in which were fevcral pieces oircnfivc to 



dcccucy 



