T H R 



T H R 



about twice the length of the calyx, iiifertcd at the bafe of 

 tlie geimen ; anthers terminal, eredt, linear, longer than 

 the filaments, cloven at each end. Pijl. Germen iialf 

 immerA'd in the bafe of the calyx, ovate ; ftyle cylindrical, 

 thickiih, ereft, the length of the filaments ; ftigma very 

 large, funnel-lhaped, oblique, of a fnigle, dilated, ovate, 

 rather tumid, lip, finely crenate at the margin, rarely accom- 

 panied by another lip. Per'tc. Drupa fmall, globular, naked, 

 rather dry. Seed. Nut lolitary, large, globofe, brittle, of 

 one cell, with a folitary kernel. 



Eil. Ch. Calyx with fix teeth. Corolla none. Stigma 

 fnmiel-diaped, oblique. Drupa globular, with a fmglc feed. 



I. Th. parvijliirii. Small Jamaica Fan Palm ; Palmetto 

 Royal; or Palmetto Thatch. Willd. n. i. Ait. n. i. — 

 Native of the fea-coafl, and other barren dry- fituations, in 

 Jamaica and Hifpaniola. Swartz. The Jiem is from ten 

 to twenty feet high, unarmed ; tumid at the bafe. Leaves 

 collefted about the top, llalked, from one to two feet long, 

 palmate, plaited like a fan ; their fegments lanceolate, ribbed 

 and ftreaked, rigid, nearly equal. Fooljlalks longer than 

 the leaves, roundjfli, fomewhat comprelfed, fmooth, flexible, 

 unarmed. General Sheath compound. Flower-Jlalh ter- 

 minal, folitary, nearly credl, two or three feet long, pani- 

 cled, imbricated with partial Jliealhs, or hraBeas ; its branches 

 alternate, lubdivided, Ipreading ; the ultimate ones oppofite 

 or ternate, crofllng each other. Flowers ftalked, oppofite 



or ternate, fmall, perfeft. ^"liitherj yellow Brown fays, 



Hifl. of Jamaica, 191, this tree covers whole fields in many 

 parts of that illand, thriving better on the rocky hills, than 

 on the low moiil plains near the fea. The copious little 

 berries ferve as food for birds and wild boafts. The trunk, 

 feldom more than four or five inches in diameter, ten or 

 fourteen feet high, is called the Thatch-pole, and is much 

 tiled for piles in wharfs and other buildings made in the fea ; 

 for it ffands the water well, and is never corroded or touched 

 by worms. The fplit footftalks make balkets, bow-ftriiigs, 

 I'opes, &c. being very ftrong and tough. The leaves are 

 called thatch, and are ufed as fuch, for oiithoufes efpeciallv, 

 being found to refill the weather for many years. Sucii 

 coverings of buildings have only the inconvenience of har- 

 bouring rats or other vermin, which prevents their general 

 life. 



THRINCIA, fo called by Roth, from Ifiyy.o.:, the battle- 

 ment of a zvall, to which he compares the feed-crown of the 

 marginal florets. The Italian name Triuciatella, ufed by 

 Camerarius, Hort. Med. 173, fov HyoJ'eris radia'a, m:xy, as 

 Dr. Roth fuppofes, have a timilar origin ; but it comes di- 

 reftly from the Italian verb Irhiciare, to cut, alluding to the 

 remarkable fegments of the leaf in that plant. 



This genus of Tbr'inc'ui conlifto of two fpecics, Leontodon 

 hirtuin of Linnceus, and Hyoferis taraxacohles of Villars, ex- 

 cluding the fynonyms of the latter. We fee no occafion to 

 fi?parate them from ylpar^ia of Schreber and Willdenow, 

 the Hedypnots of Hudfon. Having, in the Prodr. Fl. Grxc. 

 v. 2. 142, adopted Hedypnois ; and in p. 150 of the fame 

 volume, Apaugia ; we refer the reader to the former in its 

 proper place, and fliall here introduce the latter, with its full 

 charafters and fynonyms. 



Apakoia, Avx^yi^i, an ancient Greek name, with whofe 

 original meaning, or application, we are unacquainted. 

 Dalechamp has applied it to fomething of the H'terac'ium 

 kind ; and Schreber, after Scopoli, to the genus now before 



us, with which we hope it will remain Schreb. Gen. 5:7. 



Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 1547. Mart. Mill. Did. v. 4. Ait. 

 Hort. Kew. V. 4. 445. Sm. Prodr. Fl. Grxc. SibtJi. v. 2. 

 1^0. Compend. Fl. Brit. cd. 2. 117. Marfch. a Bieberft. 

 Caucaf. V. 2. 247. (Hedypnois; Hudf. Fl. Angl. 340, 



7 



Sm. Fl. Brit. 82;?. Leontodon; JulT. 170. Thrincia ; 

 Roth. Catal. v. 1. 97. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 1554. Ait. 

 Hort. Kew. V. 4. 447. Virea ; Gaertn. t. 159.) — Clafs 

 and order, S\<ngenefia Polygainia-dequaiis. Nat. Ord. Compo- 

 Jilt fem'tflofculofit, Linn. Cichraaceie, JufT. 



Gen. Cli. Common Calyx oblong, permanent, imbricated, 

 of feveral linear, parallel, unequal, longitudinal, incumbent 

 fcales ; thofe at the bafe very fmall. Cor. compound, im- 

 bricated, uniform ; the florets iiun\erous, all perfedl, equal, 

 monopetalous, ligulate, linear, abrupt, with five teeth. 

 Slam, Filaments five, capillary, very Ihort ; anthers united 

 into a cylindrical tube. PiJl. Germen nearly obovate ; llyle 

 thread-rtiaped, the length of the llamens ; lligmas two, re- 

 curved. Perk, none, except the permanent, Itraight calyx, 

 at length reflexed. Seeds folitary, oblong, ilriated, crowned 

 with feffile feathery down, fomewhat chaffy in the lower 

 part, and often unequal in the marginal florets ; fomewhat 

 llalked in the central ones, frequently accompanied by 

 fiiorter hairs or plumes. Rccept. dotted, naked, or very 

 nightly hairv. 



Eir. Ch. Receptacle naked, dotted. Seed-down feathery, 

 feffile, unequal. Calyx imbricated, with fmall fcattered 

 fcales at the bafe. 



This genus, though very natural and well defined, has the 

 general habit of Hedypnots, or of Hieracium, agreeing with 

 the latter in having fome caulefcent fpecies, though in mod 

 the Jlower-flalis are radical and fingle-flowered. The leaves 

 are varioufly toothed or finuated, mollly hairy, rarely vil- 

 lous. Flowers of a full yellow. Roof, except in our thir- 

 teenth fpecies, perennial, tuberous. We adopt the Englifli 

 name of Hawk-bit from Petiver. 



1. A. aiirantiaca. Orange-coloured Hawk-bit. Willd. 

 n. I. " Waldil. et Kitaib. Hung."—" Stalk radical, 

 fingle-flowered, naked ; tumid and hairy in the upper paa-t? 

 Calyx hifpid. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, flightly toothed." 

 — Found on the lofty mountains of Hungar}'. Leaves three 

 or four inches long, fmooth. Stalk fix inches high, fmooth, 

 except jull below the flower. Calyx clothed with rigid 

 blackifti hairs. Corolla orange-coloured. Seed-dotuti feliile, 

 feathery. It differs from the next in having no fcales on the 



Jlali, which is more tumid in its upper part ; very fmooth 

 leaves; and a different-coloured j?ow(v. JVdld. 



2. A. alp'tna. Alpine Hawk-bit. Hofl. Syn. 423. 

 Willd. n. 2. (Leontodon alpinum ; Jacq. Auflr. t. 9J. 

 L. pyrenaicum ; Gouan. Illuflr. 55. t. 22. f. I, 2. Hedyp- 

 nois pyrenaica ; Villars Dauph. v. 3. 78, trom the author. 

 Picris faxatilis ; Allion. Pedem. v. i. 211. t. 14. f. 4. Ta- 

 raxacum foliis intcgris dentatis, calyce hifpido, pappo plu- 

 mofo ; Hall. Hclvet. ed. i. 741.)— Stalk radical, folitary, 

 fingle-flowered, fcaly ; flightly tumid, and fomewhat hairy, 

 at the top. Calyx hifpid. Leaves lanceolate -oblong, flightly 

 toothed, fomewh.at hairy. — Native of graffy pafturcs, on the 

 Alps of Auftria, Switzerland, Dauphiny, and Italy. Haller 

 found it on mount St. Gothard, Sclileicher on mount Fouly, 

 and the late Mr. DavallonSt. Bernard. Our fynonymof Hal- 

 ler's firfl edition, mifquoted by Willdenow, refts on the autho- 

 rity of Allioni. We do not find the plant in hisfubfcquent pub- 

 lications. The root is tuberous, perennial, with long fibres. 

 Leaves from three to eight, radical, ftalked, ereft, obtufe, two 

 or three inches long ; tapering at the bafe ; diflantly toothed 

 about the middle or lower part : rough, with fliaggy fliort 

 hairs, particularly abojit their rib ?mAfootJlalk ; which latter 

 is fometimes red or purple. Flower^ali from three to ten 

 inches high, ilender, ereft, bearing a few fcattered linear 

 fcales, and one yeWowJlower, hardly fo big as our common 

 Dandelion, whofe calyx-fcales arc narrow, black with 

 fhaggy hairs. 



3. A. 



