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in the autumn in a (hady border, takiijg ^^''.''PP^/^^'jJy ?f 

 (howery weather, if poflible, for the buhnefs ; ^^'Y ^°^^^ 

 be cut otf wuh a fn,all part of the old wood, -h^- P"^; 

 ticable, and be planted ... rows a foot afu..der, •: ""ng the 

 c^h ^ell about them: they w.ll be prop.rly .rooted .n one 

 year for planting out ii. wider t.urfery-rows : they m^y alio 

 be pla.,.ed in pots, and placed in a hot-bed, .n order to have 



them more forward. , , . o ;„ 



And they all may be planted out into the borders, &c .n 

 the autsm.i or earlv fpriiiR months. 



Thefe trees .n itieir native f.tuations grow to very conl.dc. - 

 ablef.^es and magnitudes, but in this climate they a.c ot 

 much inferior growths, feldom rif.ng to any great he.ght 

 or ihi.knefs. They fucceed bell .n the countr.es from 

 which they are brought, in rather moill fo.Is; but here they 

 thnve perfectly in anv tolerably good common kind, and .n 

 any f.t.iation. They have a beautiful form of growth, be- 

 ing much and finely branched from their very bottoms, anc 

 conllanlly clofely adorned with leaves, which are of a very 

 minute f.zc, andarranged in a curioudy compad imbricated 

 manner, difplaying a continual verdure and ornamental va- 

 riety at all times of the year. 



They are highly ornamental evergreens, proper tor adorn- 

 ing the (hrubbei-y and other parts, liavmg a fine effeft alio 

 when difpofed fingly in borders, &c. and in open fpaces ot 

 grafs ; in all of which fituations they flioiild be fuffered to 

 grow with their full branches, in their own natural way. ex- 

 cept reducing with a knife any low ftragghng or rambling 

 branches occafionally : this is all the culture they require 

 afterwards. 



They may alfo be employed as timber-trees, .n the ever- 

 green foreft-tree plantations. 



And thofe in the pots, as the Chin&fe arbor-vits, may 

 be placed among other potted plants to adorn any parti- 

 cular co.npartment, and in alfemblage \vith greenhoufe 

 plants for variety. 



THUILLIER, Vincent, in Biography, alearned Bene- 

 dictine, was born at Coney, in the diocefe of Laon. in 

 l68; ; and entered into the congregation of St. Maur in 

 17C3. where he was dillinguifiied for his talents. Having 

 officiated as profelTor of philofophy and theology in the 

 abbey of St. Germaine-des-Pres. he was made fub-prior, 

 and died in 1736. With his extenfive literature, he com- 

 bined a lively imagination and a turn for fatire, which in- 

 volved him in feveral controverfies. He firft oppofed, and 

 then warmly defended the bull " Unigenitus." on which 

 fubjeft he publifhed two treatifes. But he was more ufefully 

 employed in a French tranflation of Polybius, which appeared 

 in 1721-28. in 6 vols. 4to. His verfion is elegant and faith- 

 ful. Moreri. 



THUIN. in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of Jemappe, on the Sambre ; 14 miles S.E. of 

 Mons, N. lat. 50° 20'. E. long. 4° 21'. 



THUIR, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Eiftern Pyrenees ; 7 miles S.W. of Pcrpignan. 



THULDEN. Thkodoue Van, in Biography, was one 

 of th« mod didinguilhed among the pupils of Rubens, 

 whom he alTifted in forwarding the pidturcs of the Luxem- 

 bourg gallery. He was born at Bois-le-Duc in 1607, 

 He painted a confiderablc number of large works for the 

 churches and public buildings of the principal towns and 

 cities in Flanders ; fome of which have been lionoured by 

 Ijeing cohfidered as from the hand of Rubens. Among the 

 heft of them are the Martyrdom of St. Sebaftian, at 

 Mechlin) the Martyrdom of St. Adrian, at Ghent j and 

 ^he AITumption of the Virgin, formerly in the church of 

 tli« Jefuits, at Bruges, He was engaged at Paris, which 



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he vifited in 1 633, to paint a feries of piftures of the life 

 of the patron faint of the Mathurins, St. John of Matha, 

 which he afterwards etched and publifhed in twenty-four 

 plates. He is alfo the author of feveral other etchings 

 from his own works and thofe of others ; particularly of 

 58 plates of the life of UlyfFes, from piAi.res painted at 

 Fontainebleau by Primaticcio, of mod of which there is 

 now no other remembrancer than his etchings. He died in 

 1676, at the age of 69. 



THULE, or TilYLE, in jinciinl Geography, an ifland 

 of the Northern ocean, defcribed in a very vague man- 

 ner by the ancients ; but which fome maintain to have 

 been the Shetland ifles. Virgil (Georg. I. i. v. 30.) and 

 Seneca (Medea, v. 379.) call this idand " Ultiina Thule." 

 It is difficult to afcertain its precife fituation. Strabo 

 afcribes the ignorance and uncertainty that prevailed with 

 regard to this ifiand to its great diftance. and charges 

 Pytheas with having made many falfe reports concerning it. 

 Ptolemy places the middle of this ifland in 63° of latitude, 

 and fays, that at the time of the equinoxes, the days were 

 24 hours, which could not have been true at the equinoxes, 

 but muft have referred to the folftices ; and, th.Tofore, this 

 ifland is fuppofed to have been in 66° 30' lat. or under the 

 polar circle. Stephanus Byzantiiius fays of this ifland, 

 " Thula infula magna in oceano fub Huperboreas partes 

 ubi jEftivus dies ex viginti horis asqualibus conftat, nox vero 

 ex quatuor. Hybernae vero dies c contrario." From this 

 account it appeai-s that the ancients defcribed an ifland 

 which was f.tuated three degrees on this fide of the polar 

 circle ; but its fituation, if fuch an ifland exifted, ftill re- 

 mained very uncertain. As the ancients have not given us 

 the dimenfions of this ifland, fome authors have concluded 

 that the appellation of Thule was given to Scandinavia, of 

 which the ancients had a very imperfeft knowledge. Ac- 

 cording to Procopius (1. iii. de Bell. Goth. c. 14.) a 

 party of the Etulians, when vanquifhed by the Lombards, 

 fought an abode towards the extremities of the earth. With 

 this view they traverfed the country of the Sclavonians ; 

 and in their progrefs entered into the country of the Varnae, 

 and into Denmark, and at length arrived on the ocean, 

 where they embarked, and then landed on the ifland of 

 Thule. This ifland, he adds, is ten times larger than 

 Great Britain, and is far remote from the northern coaft, 

 a great part of it being defert. The habitable part was 

 occupied by tliirteen different clafTes of people, who had 

 their refpeftive kings. Towards the fummer folftice, the 

 fun appeared 40 days fucceffively above their horizon ; fix 

 months afterwards, the inhabitants had 40 days of night, 

 which they pafTed in a flate that was truly deplorable, as 

 their commerce was totally interrupted. By the account 

 of Procopius, it appears that the place to which he refers 

 muft have been beyond the polar circle, ai.d of courfe be- 

 yond 63° lat., where Ptolemy placed the middle of Thule. 

 Procopius fays, that he often wifhed to vilit this ifland, 

 but was never able to accomplifh his objeft ; but he pro. 

 fefTes to have derived his information from perfcns who had 

 aftually vifited the country, and he defcrib'-s its afpeft, and 

 productions, and the manners of its inhabitanis. His de- 

 tails corrclpond to the accounts that have been given of the 

 ancient flate of Lapland (which fee) ; but this could not 

 have been the Thule of the ancients. The defcriptions 

 tranfmitted to us froin the ancients of their pretended ifle 

 of Thule are fo intermixed with fabulous and incredible re- 

 lations, that fome modern geographers have even doubted 

 whether fuch an ifland as they d^fcribe ever exifted ; others 

 have fuppofed that they refer to Scandinavia, or fome 

 country far diftant to the north, of which they could have 



no 



