T r B 



,ur.. for o.l>or phrcs. pnrUcularly fur I ho great clmrcl. at 

 Madrid. wh.-r. fu.ro .r. f.v. pictures by h.n,. But h s moft 

 ^,.„w,K'd work, and wluch moft contributed to clbbl.ih h-s 



T I B 



f«ne ii. Spain, v»as tlu- cicling of the library of the Efcurial, 



tares of his to be met with of diminutive dimenfions, with all 

 the finifli of miniatures, though rich in figures, touclied with 

 great fpirit and equal viracity of colour : they afe generally 

 let off by backgrounds drawn from his favourite branch of 

 "'^- ' \uA tU.. .-/.mnnfition of the art, architecture. Fufeli's Pilkington. 

 when; he appears to have /'7"''^.;\^^"^ 'f°f °"J' ''f TIBARANIA, or Tibar^nTa, in JncUnt Geograpl^y, 

 fchW of Athens bvRapha.^ hi Lice nd ffftoTs in a country of Afia, .n Pontus, in the vicinity of Cappldo^^; 

 cluJdren and figures fnpportin^ "«c corn.ce adjoining the country of the Chalybes. Steph. Byz. 



which he exhibited in thefo great works, PhUip loaded h,m 1 .benus, whence ,ts name 



with riches and honours, and even gave him patents of no- 

 bility, creating him marquis of Valdelfa ; a diftncl m which 

 hit father and his uncle had laboured in the humble capacity 

 of mafons. He lived to an advanced age, but the exatt 

 year of his death is not known, though it is thought to 

 have been about 1600. r ir • 



Pellegrini Tibaldi is confidered, and with fufficicnt evi- 

 dence from his works, as the greateft defigncr of the Bo- 

 lognefe and Lombard fchools. He approaches the Imp oi 

 Michael Angelo nearer than all the reft of his imitators ; 

 but as he had decidedly adopted the technic without always 

 penetrating the moral principles of his model, the manner 

 of the mafter frequently became the ftyle of the pupil; 

 though it cannot be denied that he often united energy of 

 attitude and grandeur of line, with fublimity of conception 

 Mid dignity of motive. Of thefe he has given no where 

 more fignal proofs than in the cielings and the compart- 

 ments of the Academical Inftitute at Bologna. They rcpre- 

 fcfit \-arious fcenes from the OdyfTey ; among them, Poly- 

 pheme waking under the pangs of the fiery point, though 

 painted with a fentiment of original cxpreffion, is evidently 

 imitated from the newly created figure of Adam in the Sif- 

 tina ; but the fame Cyclops groping at the entrance of his 

 cave to prevent the efcape of Ulyftes and his alTociates, is 

 in conception of the whole, and in the detail of the parts, 

 an original invention ; a form, than which Michael Angek 

 himfclf never conceived one of greater energy, with ex- 

 prelTion, attitude, and limbs more in unifon. With this may 

 be placed that wonder of forefliortening, excentricity, and 

 rotundity, the figure of Elpenor, on one of the architraves 

 of the Salotto, reprefented in the moment when, yet dream- 

 ing, he leaves his hold, and is precipitated from the roof. 

 The air of originality which this figure in every view pre- 

 fcnts, and the elegance with which the imitator has reverfed 

 ttic figure in the Laft .Judgment of Michael Angelo, from 

 which he borrowed th" principal limbs of his own, place 

 him on a level with the inventor. 



It was, however, Icfs for the powers exerted by Pellegrino, 

 in the decorations of the Inftitute, than for the ecleftic 

 principle which they difcovered in his fubfequcnt works, that 

 the Caracci gave him the epithet of Michel jln^elo rifci-mato, 

 .ind commended 



" Del Tibaldo il dccoro e il fondamento." 



The compofitions of the chapel Poggi, in St. Giacomo, 

 where the imitation of Michael Anj;elo is blended with that 

 of Raphael, Corregio, and D. da Voltcrra, contain the ru- 

 diments of their own fyftcm. 



Pellegrino Tibaldi is more known by his works in frefco 

 than by his pifturos in oil, whicli are extremely fcarce : one 

 of the ^arlieft is the Nativity, already mentioned, in the Palace 

 Borghefe, of which the cartoon ilill exifts in a private col- 

 leftion of drawings. It is painted in a fober unaffeaed 

 tone, and confidered as the work of an artift jealous of his 

 line, with great mellownefs of touch. The figures of this 

 are confidcrably Icfs than the fize of life ; but there are pic- 

 5 



TIBERIACUM, a town of Italy, near Ravenna.— Alfo, 

 a town of Lower Germany, upon the route from Colonia 

 Tiajana to Colonia Agrippina, between this latter place and 

 Juliacum, according to the Itinerary of Antonine. 



TIBERIADES Water, the water of a hot fpring 

 near Tiberiades in Egypt. 



Dr. Perry, when on the fpot, tried fome experiments on 

 this water, which give us a much better idea of its nature 

 than we have from any other accounts of it. Half a drachm 

 of oil of tartar being mixed with an ounce and half of the 

 water, it becomes turbid and muddy ; and after twelve 

 hours, three parts of the whole appear like white wool, only 

 leaving a fmall portion of clear water at the top. The 

 white woolly matter dried, produced only a fmall quantity 

 of yellow ochre. 



Spirit of vitriol added to the water in the fame quantity, 

 affords a large unftuous fediment of a white colour. A fo- 

 lution of fubhmate being mixed in the fame quantity, it 

 became turbid and yellowifti, and yielded an earthy fediment 

 in fmall quantity ; whence it feems evident, that it contains 

 a fal murale. Saccharum faturni being added in the fame 

 quantity, the water depofited a lateritious fediment in a fmall 

 quantity. Mixt with fpirit of fal ammoniac, it turns to a 

 blueifh-green turbid liquor, and finally yields a woolly fedi- 

 ment. Sugar of violets mixed with it, turned it to a yel- 

 low colour ; and the fcrapings of galls mixed with it, turned 

 it to a deep purple ; and on fliaking, this became as black 

 as ink. 



It appears from thefe experiments, that the water con- 

 tains a good deal of a grofs fixed vitriolic fait, fome alum, 

 and a fal murale. It is too fait and naufeous for internal 

 ufe ; but it muft be of ufe as a bath in all cutaneous foul- 

 neffes, efpecially in fcorbutic and leprous cafes ; for it will 

 powerfully deterge, fcour, and cleanfe the excretory pores, 

 and it may be, by its weight and ftimulus, reftore them to 

 their natural ftate and tone, and reftore the true ftate of the 

 vitiated folids in general. Phil. Tranf. N^ 462. p. 52. 



TIBERIANI Campi, in Amiait Geography, fields of 

 Italy, in the vicinity of Rome, which took their name from 

 the emperor Tiberius, who fixed them at 25 acres. 



TIBERIAS, a town of Paleftine, the capital of Gali- 

 lee, was fituated in a plain, near the lake of Gennefareth, 

 which from this city was alfo called the lake or fea of Ti- 

 berias. This city is very famous, and often mentioned by 

 •lewifli writers, becaufe, after the taking of Jerufalem, there 

 was at Tiberias a fucceffion of Hebrew judges and doftors 

 till the fourth century. It was a bifliop's fee in this cen- 

 tury. Epiphanius fays that a Hebrew tranflation of St. 

 John, and the Afts of the Apoftles, was kept in this 

 city. It was diftant about 90 miles from Jerufalem. See 

 Tabaria. 



TIBERINA Insula, the ide of Tiber, fituated in the 

 city of Rome ; called by Suetonius the ifle of iEfculapius. 

 Plutarch f.;ys that this ifland was called at Rome the faered 

 ifle and the ifle of two bridges, becaufe in confccrating to 

 Mars a field which belonged to the Tarquins, they threw into 



tlie 



