T I M 



come, it is thought, intereiled in the peeling and harvefting 

 or leciiriiiK of tlic bark : no walle is confeciuently nicurred 

 througli their neglcd, or any unfair dealings niked ; nor 

 is there any difputable account to be fettled, on the rent- 

 day, betwct-n them and the receivers. 



In the %ie\v too of enabling the afting managers, in fuch 

 cafes, lo/tUa, in the bell and readiell manner, proper trees 

 for the feveral different forts of repairs that may, from time 

 to time, be required, — let, it is faid, the woodmen, or 

 thofe who Iiave the immediate charge of the timber of 

 citatcs, be direifted to note down, in going their rounds, 

 fuch trees as may be faulty, and arc likely to go foon 

 to decay, or which are llinted in their growth, or too 

 much crowded, and, in general, fuch as are proper to be 

 taken down for the different ufcs of ellatcs : whether for 

 erefting or repairing buildings, or for gates or other pur- 

 pofes : in order that they may be able to lead or direcl, 

 without lofs of time, tlie afting managers and the carpenters 

 or builders of ellatcs, with the eftimates, in their hands, of 

 the quantity and quality of the timber which is rcquifite to 

 the trees moll proper for any given purpofe : thus pre- 

 ferving the crop of /ale timber from unneceffary fpoil, by a 

 lefs difcriminate choice or method of proceeding. 



Timber, Slick of, a term frequently applied to any large 

 boled or Hemmed tree of the timber kind : a line, large, 

 perfeifl timber-tree. See Timber and Tree. 



TiMBER-7>f«, the wood of timber, before it be felled, 

 particularly that of oak, Sec. See Trees. 



For the railing, planting, tranfplanting, pruning, &c. of 

 timber-trees, fee Seminary, Nursery, Pruning, and 

 Transplantixg. 



TlMBF.R-ll'ood, a term fignifying that fort of wood which 

 is employed or defigned for the raifing and growth of tim- 

 ber, in contradiftintlion to that of the under-wood or cop- 

 pice kinds, or fuch as has little or no brufh-wood or under- 

 growths in it. There ar« but few cafes in which it is not 

 advantageous for timber-woods to be kept pretty clear and 

 free from mod forts of under-growths, efpecially where they 

 approach near the trees. See Wood. 



TlMBER-/rbo(/ or Tree, Regijler of, the account which is 

 neceffary to be kept of the timber-wood or trees of that 

 kind, which are growing upon the different parts of a tim- 

 bered eftate. The writer of a late work on " Landed Pro- 

 perty," has advifed that it fhould confiil of all that is met 

 with on the feveral divifions of an eftate j fetting forth the 

 number of fuch trees in eacli of the different woods, groves, 

 hedge-rows, and all other places, with the feveral fpecies or 

 kinds, the number which is affixed to each, and the admea- 

 furement of each of them. Separate accounts, containing 

 thofe trees of each particular divifion, being entered and 

 kept ; for the fatisfaftion and occafional ufe of the land- 

 manager and the woodward. Sucli hfts or rcgifters are 

 always of great utiUty and benefit to the proprietors of tim- 

 ber-wooded ellates, as afcertaining their nature, ftate, and 

 fituation in many different refpefts. 



TlMBER-Z,0(/f, in our Old Writers, a fervice by which tenants 

 were to carry timber from the woods to the lord's houfe. 



Timber, Bearing of. See Bearing. 



TiMBER-/^o/-;J, Cafing of. Sec Casing. 



Timber or Timmer of Furs, as ermines, martens, fables, and 

 the like, denotes forty (kins ; of other ildns, fix fcore. Rull. 



"Haec civitas (fc. Ceftriae) nunc reddebat de firma 45 

 libraset trestimbrias peUium martenariun." LL. Edw. Conf. 



T1.MBEKS cf Ermin, in Heraldry, denote the ranks or 

 rows of ermin in noblemen's coats. 



Timber, in Falconry. To timber, is to neftlc, or make a 

 fleft, as birds of prey do. 



T I U 



Timber, Prick, \n Botany. See SpiNDLE-TVif^. 



Timbers, in Ship-Building, the ribs of a ftiip, or the m- 

 curvated pieces of wood branching outward from the keel 

 in a vertical diredlion, fo as to give ttrength, figure, and fo- 

 lidity to the whole fabric. 



One timber in a (hip is compofed of feveral pieces united 

 into one frame, which accordingly is called by the artificers 

 a frame of timbers. The timbers whofe planes are perpen- 

 dicular to tlie keel, are called fquare-timbers ; and thofe 

 which are placed obliquely on tlie keel, as at the extremities 

 of a fhip, are called cant-timbers . The foremoll of tliofc 

 pieces on tlie (liip's bow are called the knucUe-timbers ; and 

 the hindermoft. on the quarter, ihe fa/iion-pieces. See SiliP- 



BUILDIXG. 



Timber and Room, or Room and Space, is the diftance be- 

 twixt the moulding edges of two adjoining timbers, v.liich 

 mull always contain the breadth of two timbers ; and fome- 

 times two or three inches between them. 



TIMBO, in Geography, a town of Africa, on the Grain 

 Coaft. N. lat. 5^' 28'. W. long. 9" 20'. 



TIMBRE, or Timmer, in Heraldry, denotes thecreft of 

 an armory, or whatever is placed atop of the efcutcheon, to 

 diilinguith the degree of nobility, either ecclefiaftical or 

 fecular. 



Such as the papal tiara, cardinal's hat, the crofs, mitre, 

 coronet, mortier, and particularly the cafques or helmets, 

 which the ancients called more efpecially timbres, from their 

 refembling a kind of bell without a clapper, which the 

 French call timbre, or becaufe they refounded like thofe 

 timbres when ftruck. This is the opinion of Loifeau, who 

 derives the word from the Latin, iinlinnabuhim. 



TIMBREL, Tabret, or Tambour de Bafque, in Mtific, '\i 

 an inftrument of very high antiquity ; having been in ufe 

 among the Hebrews, Greeks, and Romans. To the rim 

 were hung bells or pieces of metal. 



TIME is a portion or part of infinite duration. It is 

 generally meafured by motion, and chiefly by the motions 

 of the heavenly bodies. 



There is nothing perhaps of which the mind is lefs ca- 

 pable of forming a diftinft idea than time, imconnefled with 

 the motions of fenfible objedls ; and yet, on account of tliis 

 coaneftion, every one thinks it a fubjedt VN-ith which he is 

 familiarly acquainted, until an explanation is required. 



The opinions of ancient philofophers on the fubjeft are 

 generally vague and contradidlory. Pythagoras and He- 

 raclitus maintained that time was a fubftance, but the Stoics 

 confidered it as unfubftantiated. Ariftotle and the Peripa- 

 ticians define time to be " a multitude of parts of motion, 

 which pafs and fucceed each other in a continual flux, and. 

 have relations to each other, inafmuch as fome are anterior 

 and others pofterior." Archytas defined it to be " a con- 

 tinned and indivifible flux of naws or inftants." 



The Epicureans confidered " time as merely an objeA of the 

 imagination, or an attribute given to things by the mind 

 while contemplating them either as enduring or ceafing ; 

 as poffefling a longer or Ihorter exiftence, as enjoying fuch 

 exiftence, as having enjoyed it, or as being about to 

 enjoy it." 



Lucretius, the great poet and philofopher of this feft, 

 defines time as follows : 



" Tempus item per fc non eft, fed rebus ab ipCs 

 Confequitur fenfus, tranfadlum quid fit in xvo ; 

 Turn, quse res inftet, quid porro deinde fequatur : 

 Nee per fe quemquam tempus fentire fatendum ell 

 Semotum ab rerum motu, placidaque quiete." 



Lib. i. 46c. 



Thuj 



