T I N 



rtaiii that there is a 



or not when given in fubftance, it is ccrta 

 ereal dilTcrence between a corrofive lalt fo given, and a 

 Vindure made of the fame, in fpirit of wine, and given in 

 fmall dofcs, as Dr. Mead ob(^rves ; who adds, that in flow 

 heaic fevers attended with a loofenefs, profufe fweats, and 

 a coniquation of the humours, he reckons two or three 

 drachms, given at different times, in coohng hquors, es-eiy 

 twenty-four hours, to be a convenient dofe. But the ufual 

 dofe was from fifteen to thirty drops in Briftol water, or 

 fome temperate or cool julep. 



Concerning the danger of faturnine preparations, when 

 applied to the purpofcs of internal medicine, fee fir George 

 Baker's Tarther Obforvations on the Poifon of Lead, in 

 Med. Tranf. vol. ii. p. 446, &c. See alfo Colica Dam- 

 moniorum. Lead, Saccharu.m Satunii, and Vinegar of 

 Lead. 



TiNCTVRE of Snaie-root. See Snake-ROOT. 

 TiKCTURE of Soot. See Soot. 

 TiN-cTUiiE of Squills. See Squills. 

 TiNCTl-RE of Spanijh Flies, or Tiiulura CaiithariJes. See 

 TlNCTL'RA Lyiltt. 



TlNCTlRA Styplica, a form of medicine made with very 

 little trouble and apparatus, and ferving to fupply the 

 place of that elaborate preparation the tinfture of Helve- 

 tius : it is prcfcribed in the late Lend. Ph., and is to be 

 made by mixing a drachm of calcined green vitriol with a 

 quart of French brandy tinftured by the calk : this is to 

 be (hook together, that the brandy may turn black, and then 

 drained off for ufe. 

 Ti.N-cTUKE of Sulphur. See Sulphur. 

 TiNCTURA Theliaica. See Tin'CTURE of Opium. 

 Tincture of the Balfam of Tolu of the Edinb. Ph., is 

 made by digefting an ounce and a half of the balfam in a 

 povind of alcohol in a gentle heat, till the balfam is dilfolved, 

 and filtering through paper. 



This tinSure pofTeni-s all the virtues of the balfam ; and 

 in coughs, and other complaints of the bread, a tea-fpoonful 

 or two of it may be taken in a bit of loaf-fugar. 



But it is chiefly ufed for making the fyrup. An ounce 

 of the tinAure, properly mixed with two pounds of fimple 

 fyrup, will make what is commonly called the balfamic fyi'up. 

 See SvRUP. 



Tincture of Valcrinn of the Lond. and Dub. Ph., is 

 prepared by macerating for fourteen days (feven days Dub.) 

 four ounces of valerian root in powder, in two pints of 

 proof-fpirit. 



The ammoniated tinBure of valerian of the Lond. Ph. 

 is obtained by macerating for fourteen days, four ounces of 

 valerian root in two pints of aromatic fpirit of ammonia, 

 and filtering. The Dub. Ph. direfts two ounces of valerian 

 root in powder to be digefted for feven days in a pint of 

 fpirit of ammonia. It is beneficially employed in hyfteria 

 and other nervous affeftions, in dofes of f 51, or f 5ij, given 

 in milk, or fome other bland fluid. 



TiNCTURA Veralri ytlbi, TinSure of White Hellebore, of 

 the Edinb. Ph., is made by digcfting for feven days, eight 

 ounces of white hellebore-root briiifcd, in a pound and a half 

 of proof-fpirit, and filtering through paper. Thistinfture is 

 employed to excite vomiting in maniacal and apopleftic cafes, 

 and as an alt -rative in cutaneous eruptions. It is given in 

 dofes of mv to i\[y. ; but its cff>dts are fometimes very vio- 

 lent. Thomfoii's Difpenfatory. 



TiNCTURA Zin^iberis, or TinBure of Ginger, ai the Lond. 

 and Dub. Pli., is formed by macerating for fourteen days 

 (feven days Dub.) two ounces of ginger-root diced, in 

 two pints of proof-fpirit, and filtering. This is ufeful as 

 a ftimulanl and carminative, in atonic gout when it attacks 



T I N 



the ftomacli, in flatulent colic, and as a coiTedlor of gi"ipiiig 

 purgatives. 



Tincture is alfo applied by the Heralds to the colours 

 ufed in efcutchcons, or coats of arms ; under which, with 

 them, are likewife included the two metals, or and argent, 

 becaufe often reprefented by yellow and white. See 

 Colour. 



Tincture comprehends colours znd furs. 

 The writers on heraldry have had great difputes, which 

 of thefe colours or tinftures are the mofl honourable. All 

 agree in giving the pre-eminence to the metals gold and fil- 

 ver, that is, to the yellow and white colours : as to the 

 others, fome efteem them more noble as they approach more 

 to light, that is, to whitenefs. Upton, on this account, 

 ranges them thus : azure or blue, gules or red, purpure or 

 purple, vert or green, fable or black : others wholly di (Tent 

 from this, and prefer thofe colours mod which can be feen i| 

 at the greated didance ; with thefe, fable or black is the * 

 mod honourable or fird colour ; and they allege the imperial 

 black eagle, placed in a white field, as an indance of this. 

 Leigh prefers the i-ed to the blue, as the red has fome alliance 

 to gold, and the blue to filver ; the fable is generally pre- 

 ferred to green and purple, by thofe who give the red and 

 blue the fird places : it is in this edeem on account of its 

 drong appearance ; and green is preferred to purple, be- 

 caufe the ktter is but of very late ufe in heriJdry, and is 

 called a new colour. 



All the precedence given to tinftures mud however be 

 confidered with this fpecial provifo, that there is no particu- 

 lar reafon for bearing them otherwife in the arms of king- 

 doms and families. In all coats of arms there dicnild be 

 two colours or tinftures ; and it is the general rule that the 

 field diould be of a nobler colour than the figures placed 

 upon it : thus in the arms of Scotland the field is yellow, 

 and the lion placed upon it red ; and if the field confids of 

 two different colours parted by fefs or by pale, then the no- 

 blcd colour mud always be in the bed place, as on the 

 upper part, or on the right hand of the dield ; but all thefe 

 rules are to be underdood witli this limitation, that there are 

 no other fpecial reafons in the family for the contrary. Nef- 

 bit's Heraldry, p. 19. 



The two metals, or and argent, and the four colours, 

 black, red, blue, and green, (fee Colour,) are the feveral 

 tindtures, fays Edmondfon, of which the fields and all 

 charges of arms ought in driftnefs to be made ; excepting, 

 however, fueh charges as are to be borne in their own pro- 

 per or natural colour ; which bearings, not having in bla- 

 zon any particular technical or fixed terms, are all com- i 

 prehended under the wordproper. As to the tinAures purpurf, 

 tawny, and fanguine, thefe, being mixtures, are now feldom, 

 if ever, ufed, either for fields or charges, though they are 

 ranked among thofe, which, as fome whimfical heralds fay, 

 have mydical fignifications, and reprefent the moral, politi- 

 cal, and military virtues of thofe who originally bore their 

 arms fo coloured or tinftured. Some heralds, fays the 

 above-named writer, have blazoned the armorial colours in dif- 

 ferent terms, according to the rank and dignity of the perfon 

 whofe arms they are defcribing. Accordingly, the arms of 

 gentlemen, efquircs, knights, and baronets, are to be bla- 

 zoned by tinftures ; thofe of nobles by precious dones ; and 

 thofe of fovereign princes, kings, and emperors, by planets : 

 but this mode of blazoning would, he thinks, introduce into 

 the fcience of heraldry great abfurdity and confufion, and 

 render blazons in iome cafes very ridiculous. 



TINCULEN, or Tinzule.v, in Geography, a town of 

 Africa, in the country of Darah ; 120 miles S.W. of Ta- 

 filet. 



TINDAL, 



