T I N 



TINDAL, Matthew, LL.D. in Biography, a re- 

 puted dcill, was tlie fon of a clergyman, and born at Beer- 

 Ferres, in Devondiire, about the year 1657. From Lin- 

 coln college, Oxford, into wiiich he was admitted in 1672, 

 he was removed to Exeter college ; and having graduated 

 B.A., he was eledled fellow of All-Souls college, and became 

 LL.D. in 1685. About this time, thereign of James IL, 

 he was befet by fome of the popifti emilfaries, who were then 

 aftive and induftrious in making profelytes, and converted to 

 popery ; but, upon farther examination, he returned to the 

 church of England in 1687. To the revolution he was ar- 

 dently attached ; and having been admitted an advocate, he 

 often fat as judge in the court of delegates, and had a pen- 

 fion from the crowu of 200/. per annum. Tindal was both a 

 political and theological writer, and under the latter defcrip- 

 tion he pubhfhed " A Letter to the Clergy of both Univer- 

 fities,"on the fubjedlof the Trinity and the Athaiiafian creed, 

 with a view to fome alterations in the Litiu-gy, which were 

 fubjefts of difcuflion. But the treatife that attrafted prin- 

 cipal notice appeared in 1706, and was entitled "The Rights 

 of the Chriftian Church aflerted againft the Romilh and all 

 other Prieils who claim an independent Power over it ; with 

 a Preface, concerning the Government of tlie Church of 

 England, as by Law cilabliflied." This publication roufed 

 the animadverfions of the high-church clergy, and the venders 

 of it were legally indifted. The favourable notice taken of 

 this work by Le Clerc, in his " Bibliotheque Choifce," gave 

 great offence to the lower houfe of convocation ; and this 

 learned body circulated a declaration, implicating the foreign 

 critic, and others of fimilar fentiments, which Le Clerc him- 

 felf, and many other perfons, thought to be unjuft and illibe- 

 ral. Tindal alfo publi(hed a defence of his work, the fecond 

 edition of which, in two parts, was ordered by a vote of the 

 houfe of commons, to be burnt in the fame fire with Sache- 

 verel's fermons, in the year 17 10. Some time after, the 

 lower houfe of convocation, Atterbury being prolocutor, on 

 a reprefentation of the (late of religion in the kingdom, ani- 

 madverted on tlie dangerous confequences of the doftrine of 

 neceflity. To which Tindal replied, by aflertrng the truth 

 and ufofulnefs of that doftrine. Of the fubjedts and tendency 

 of his pohtical writing«, it is nowneedlefs to give any account. 

 It will be fufficient to obferve that he was an advocate for 

 the Hanoverian fucceflion, and for the Whig miniflry of that 

 period. Hitherto Tindal had made no direft attack againft 

 religion ; but in 1730 he no longer difguifed his fentiments, 

 which were announced to the public in a treatife entitled 

 " Chriftianity as old as the Creation, or the Gofpel a Re- 

 publication of the Rehgion of Nature." He difclaims, 

 indeed, in words, oppofition to the divine authority of the 

 Chriftian religion, and denominates himfclf and his friends 

 " Chriftian Deifts ;" but in reality it was his evident and 

 avowed purpofe to (hew, that there neither has been, nor can 

 be, any external revelation diftinft from what he terms " the 

 internal revelation of the law of nature in the hearts of all 

 mankhid." Tindal was attacked by Dr. Waterland, who 

 treated him with a degree of contempt which called fortli the 

 animadverfions of Dr. Middlcton. The author, though de- 

 clining in health, wrote in his own defence, but concretions 

 of the gall-bladder, with which he had been long afHifted, 

 terminated his life in the year 1733. His remains were in- 

 terred in Clerkenwell church, agreeably to his own deiire, 

 near thofe of Dr. Burnet, bi(hop of Sahfbury. A fecoud 

 volume of his " Chriftianity as old as the Creation" was left 

 in MS. ; but the pubUcation of it was prevented by Dr. Gib- 

 fon, biihop of London. His (irft work had given occalion 

 to fo many unanfwerable defences of Chriftianity, that the 

 Vol. XXXV. 



T I N 



learned bifhop was unnecelTarily alarmed, when he prevented 

 further difcudion of this interetting fubjeft. 



Tindal, Nicholas, the nephew of the former, was 

 educated at Exeter college, Oxford, and had di{ferent pre- 

 ferments in tlie church. He died in 1774, at a very advanced 

 age, at Greenwich Hofpital, of which he was chaplain. 

 Among his literary undertakings, the moft confulerable was 

 a tranflation of Rapin's Hiftory of England, with a conti- 

 nuation. Biog. Brit. 



TINDALE. See Tyndale. 



TINDEL, in Geography, a town of Africa, in the 

 country of Zenhaga, on the fca<oaft ; 18 miles S.S.E. of 

 Cape Mirik. 



TINDERCOTTA, a town of Hindooftan, in the 

 Carnatic ; 15 miles E. of Tiagar. 



TINDERO, a town of Sweden, in the province of Me- 

 delpadia ; 12 miles N.E. of Sundfwall. 



TINE, in Agriculture, a term applied to a tooth or fpike, 

 whicli is fct or placed in any kind of tool or implement, but 

 cfpecially thofe of the harrow, drag, and other fimilar kinds. 

 Tines for this ufe fliould, for the moft part, be a httle curved 

 or racked forward towards the points, as laying hold of the 

 ground better, and in a more perfeA manner. Sometimes 

 tines are neceifary to be ftceled a little in the points and front 

 edges, in order to prevent the wear of them, and render 

 them more effeftive in tearing, cutting up, and dividing the 

 land. 



Tine, or Tyne, in Geography, a river of England, which 

 rifes in two ftreams, one called the North Tyne, which rifes 

 on the borders of Scotland, in the north-weft part of the 

 county of Northumberland ; the other, which is called tlie 

 South Tyne, rifes about feven miles S. from Aldftone, in 

 Cumberland : both thefe ftreams unite near Hexham, from 

 whence the united ftream proceeds to Newcaftle, and from 

 thence to the German fea, at Tinemouth. 



TINEA, a river of France, which rifes in the Alps, and 

 runs into the Var, about 1 2 miles N. of Nice, 

 Tinea, in Medicine. See Porrioo. 

 Tinea, in Natural Hiflory. See Moth, &c. 

 TINEH, in Geography, a town of Egypt, fituated be- 

 tween thefouthextremityof lake Menzaleh and the Mediterra- 

 nean, near the ancient Pelufiura, and on a canal formerly called 

 the Pelufian or Bubajlic mouth of the Nile ; through which 

 Alexander paffed with his fleet from Gaza : this canal is now 

 choaked up with mud ; 80 miles N.N. E. of Cairo. N. lat. 



30° 48'. E. long. 38° 45' Alfo, a town of Africa, in 



Tripoli, on a river which runs into the gulf of Sidra. N. 

 lat. 30° 5'. E. long. 19° 12'. 



TINEHALY, a poft-town of the county of Wicklow, 

 Ireland ; 41 miles S. by W^. from Dublin. 



TINEMAN, in our Old Writers, a petty officer in the 

 foreft, who had the nofturnal care of vert and veiiifon, and 

 other employments in the foreft. 



TINEMAR, in Geography, a town of Ceylon ; 10 miles 

 S.W. of Trink.imaly. 



TINEMOUTH. See Tynemouth. 

 TINET, TiNETTUM, in our Old Writers, is ufed for 

 brudi-wood and thorns to make and repair hedges. In 

 Hereforddiire, to tine a gap in a hedge, is to fill it up with 

 thorns, that cattle may not pafs through it. 



TINETO, in Geography, a fmall ifland near the coalt 

 of Genoa, at the entrance of the gulf of Spezxa. See 



TiNO. 



TINEVELLY, or Palamcotta, a city of Hindoo- 

 ftan, and capital of a province of the fame name, in the Car- 

 4 X natic J 



