T I N 



hbours ; and the impetuofity of his mind, or perhaps the 

 foehnKS ol" his employcrj, who were numerous, did not 

 idlo>» him fufficicnt time to do juftice to hrnifelf; and he 

 pcnnitted many piftures to leave his eafel, poffeflinff only 

 the freedom of colour and execution which peculiarly be- 

 longed to his pencil. i • r -j 



Tintoretto was fo certain of his execution, that he is laid 

 by Sandrart to have frequently wrought without a previous 

 (ketch, or any preparatory outline, finiihmg as he went on, 

 and adapting his labours to the price he was to receive ; not 

 fufficicntly confidering that his works would outlive their 

 anthor, and deprive him of a large portion of the fame fo 

 juttly due to his power, when efficiently exercifed. It 

 was, therefore, truly obfcrved by An. Caracci, that in 

 fome of his works, Tintoretto was not inferior to Titian, 

 while in others he fell below himfelf. 



One remarkable inftancc of his intrepidity and impetuofity 

 of genius, and promptnefs of execution, is related by Va- 

 fari, I'jc. : The confraternity of S. Rocco at Venice had 

 determined to decorate their church with a pifture of the 

 apotheofis of their patron faint, and, defirous of having the 

 choice of good defigns, commifiioned fome of the moll 

 eminent artids to make compofitions for their feleftioii. 

 Paulo Veronefe, A. Schiavone, Salviati, Zucchero, and 

 Tintoretto, were the competitors. On the day appointed 

 for their decifion, the good fathers were aftonifhed to find a 

 finifhed pifture by Tintoretto placed in the appointed fitua- 

 tion ; and when they remonftrated upon fo extraordinary 

 a proceeding, as they had only required a defign from 

 him, he told tliem that was his way of making defigns, and 

 that if they hefitated to pay him for his trouble, they were 

 welcome to the pifture, which was allowed to keep pof- 

 feflion of its honours. His compeers rendered due juftice 

 to fo extraordinary an exertion, and denominated him 

 II furiofo Tintoretto. 



To do juftice to the power of Tintoretto, he muft be 

 contemplated oa the grand theatre of his piftorial exiftence, 

 •viz. at Venice, where alone his grander works are to be 

 found ; and there the pubhc buildmgs are filled with them, 

 in the higher and lower degrees of excellence. In ftyle, 

 the grandeur which he borrowed of Michael Angelo was 

 rather mufcular enlargement of hne, and that not always 

 correft, than feleft or charafteriftic ; and it is not often 

 that he rifes above common nature ; moftly fo in his female 

 charaftcrs, though they are often too flender for truth of 

 aftion, and too aft"efted for grace. His touch is delight- 

 fully free, with a full impafto of colour, and his chiaro- 

 fcuro of the richeft and moft brilliant kind. He Kved to 

 thegreat age of 82, and died at Venice in 1594. 



Tintoretto left a daughter named Marietta Robufti, 

 who was born at Venice in 1 560, and whom he inftrufted in 

 the art of painting, principally in portraiture, in which fhe 

 acquired confiderable praftice and reputation ; painting 

 many of the principal perfonages in her native city. She 

 had the honour to be invited to the courts of the emperor 

 Maximihan and of Philip king of Spain ; but her father 

 would not be prevailed upon to part with her. She died 

 foon after him, in 1590. He left alfo a fon, Domenico 

 Robufti, who praftifed the art with confiderable fuccefs, 

 though not with the fire of invention or execution which 

 charafterife his father's productions. He was born at 

 Venice alfo, in 1562. His priacipal works are in the Sala 

 di Configlio and the Scuola di San Marco at Venice, Por- 

 traiture was, however, his principal occupation, and moft 

 fuited to his genius ; and he had the honour of being emi- 

 nently patronized. He died in 1637. 



TiNURTIUM, TouRNUs, in Ancient Geography, a 



T I 



O 



from 



Lugdunum to Gel 



I 



town of Gaul, on the route 

 foriacum. Anton. Itin. 



TINUS, in Botany, a name in Pliny, book 15, chap 30, fori 

 what he fays is fometimes termed a fort of wild laurel, and is dif- } 

 tinguifhed by the blue colour of its berries. This defcription . 

 is univerfally agreed to apply to our Laurus-tinus, Fiiurntim 

 Tinus of Linnseus ; a plant likewife indicated by Ovid's 



Et bicolor myrtus, et baccis asrula tinus. 



Linnaeus has transferred this name to a Weft Indian fhruh^j 

 fuppofed by him to conftitute a new genus, having fome re. 

 femblance to the above fhrub. — Linn. Gen. 200. Schreb.i 

 270. JulT. 264 and 451. — Clafs and order, Enneandria 

 Monogynia. 



The charafters of this however were difcovered by 

 Swartz to be founded in error, the plant being a genuine 

 fpecies of Clethra ; fee that article, n. 5. 



The origin of the word7/«!;j has been fought by VaiUant 

 in the Greek Tivo-r, Jmall, or dwarf, as meaning a fmaller or 

 more humble kind of laurel ; but this is fcarcely correft, uor 

 does the derivation by any means fatisfy us. 



TINZ, in Geography, a town of Silefia, in the princi- 

 pality of Brieg ; 22 miles W. of Brieg. 1 



TINZULIN. See TiNjuLEEN. | 



TIO, a town of South America, in the province of Cor- 1 

 dova ; 70 miles E. of Cordova. !" 



TIOGA, a county of New York, erefted from Mont- 

 gomery county in 1 791, and from the E. part of this 

 county. The county of Brome was erefted in 1806. Tioga. 

 is bounded N. by a fmall angle of Steuben county, and by . 

 Seneca and Cayuga counties, E. by Brome county, S. by 

 the ftate of Pennfylvania, and W. by Steuben county. 

 Its form is nearly that of a fquare, 26 by 34 miles ; its 

 area 571,306 acres : between 42° and 42° 25' N. lat., and 

 2° 14' and 3° W. long, from New York. Its towns are 

 Condor, Carohne,Catharinas,Cayuta, Chemung, Denby, El- 

 mira, Owego, and Spencer its capital. Its eaftern part is tra- 

 verfed by the Sufquchanna ; and the Tioga, the principal 

 W. branch cf that river, waters the S.W. part. The furface i 

 is confiderably broken and hilly. It is rapidly increafing 

 in population, and contains a large proportion of good farm- 

 ing land. Rafts, arks, and fmall boats defcend the waters of , 

 this county, and find the principal market at Baltimore, in j 

 Maryland. Tioga fends one member to the houfe of aflembly. , 



Tioga, a large townftiip in the S.W. corner of Brome 

 county, 1 3 miles W. of Chenango Point ; bounded N. by 

 Berkftiire, E.by Union, S. by the ftate of Pennfylvania, and 

 W. by Tioga county ; about 15 miles long from N. to S., 

 and 7 broad, having the Sufquehanna running W. acrofs , 

 its centre. The foil is various, and the furface uneven. It . 

 yields various kinds of trees, grain, and pafture. Fruit in ; 

 general fucceeds well, and apples are no where better. This 

 town has been fettled fince about 1790. — Alfo, a river of 

 New York, which runs into the Sufquehanna at Tioga Point, 

 N. lat. 41° 56'. W. long. 76° 33'. 



TIOL.O, a town of Italy, in the Valteline ; 10 miles 

 S.W. of Bormio. 



TION, a river of France, which runs from the lake of 

 Annecy to the Siers. 



TIOOKEA, one of King George's iflands, in the South : 

 Pacific ocean, difcovered by commodore Byron. It is a low 

 ifland, with a large lake in the centre. Captain Cook fent 

 to examine a creek, which he fuppofed communicated with 

 the lake. They found the creek fifty fathoms wide at the ; 

 entrance, and tliirty deep ; farther in thirty wide and twelve 

 deep ; the bottom every where focky, and the fides bounded 

 with coral rocks : dogs feemed to be in great plenty, but no ■ 



fruit 



