TIT 



mfans of imitating the moft fubtle combinations of colour 

 in vifibU- obieas, and fully comprehending the degrees of 

 purity or of tone with whicli colours might be employed 

 individually or coUedively, to affift in projeding or with- 

 drawing the various parts of a picture, he never fails to gra- 

 tify the eye with a full and true relief, correfpondent with 

 the nature of the fubjca. In this quality lie was as much 

 ideal, as the Greeks and Florentines were in form ; for 

 though the harmony and richncfs wliich he produced are to 

 be found occafionally in nature, it is neither her every day 

 atth-c, nor is it to be comprehended by fuperficial obfcrvcrs. 

 There is a fcience of exceeding import to painting in the 

 arrangements of colours, by which a (Icilful artift will create 

 attrattion or difguft, as it pleafes him. Change the pofition 

 of the colours of that moft beautifvd of nature's works, the 

 rainbow ; let the blue and the green occupy the centre, and 

 the red and yellow the edges of it ; and judge how far it will 

 decreafe in its power of attraclion. Of this fcience, Titian 

 was the firll great poflbnor ; and as he poffeffed the 

 knowledge of the value of colours, fo alfo did he that of 

 the nature of (hade ; that colour (to the painter at leaft, 

 though it be the abfence of it to the philofopher) which 

 deftroys all colours, and renders all alike obfcure ; and 

 which is the moft difficult of attainment in all that re- 

 lates to the art of colouring. The tone of ftiade that 

 Titian employed, whatever be the fubftance which pro- 

 duced it, was ufed by no other fo fuccefsfuUy, except Tin- 

 toretto. It feems, in its union with the local colours of ob- 

 jefts.to have produced the half teints without further labour ; 

 or at leaft to have laid fuch a foundation, as to have made 

 that of the fubfequent tinting very trifling ; and doubtlefs 

 this mode of proceeding rendered him able to produce fuch 

 an infinity of works as appear to have iffued from his pencil. 

 His errors flowed naturally, from the eale with which he 

 produced the beauties of his ftyle ; and as the mind was 

 filled with gratification by the delightful harmony and rich- 

 nefs of colour his works prefented, fo it fought the lefs for 

 the qualities of expreffion, and appropriate drefs and aftion 

 in the figures ; and would not condemn too rudely the fre- 

 quent admiflion of heterogeneous matter. 



To the accufations of exhibiting defefts like thefe, the 

 works of Titian are far lefs juftly iubjetl than thofe of his 

 imitators and fucceflbrs in the Venetian fchool of painting ; 

 none of whom poflefTed the tafte and judgment of this great 

 matter, though many were eminently (kilful in their refpec- 

 tive departments. 



TITIANO, GinoLAMO Dante, called //. According 

 to Ridolfi, he was brought up in the fchool of Titian, and was 

 employed by that mafter to afliil him in feveral of his works. 

 By frequently painting in conjunftion with him, and fome- 

 times copying his works, fome of his piftures, retouched by 

 Titian, have paded for originals by tliat mailer. He fome- 

 times painted from his own defigns, and his pifture in the 

 church of St. Giovanni at Venice, reprefenting S. S. Cofmo 

 and Damiano, is worthy of the fchool in which he was 

 educated. Bryan's Did. 



TITICACA, or Chucuito, in Geography, a lake of 

 South America, in the v-iceroyalty of Buenos Ayres, dio- 

 ccfe of La Paz, and jurifdiftion of Chucuito, the figure of 

 which is oval, inclining nearly from N.W. to S.E., its cir- 

 cumference being about 80 leagues, and depth near the 

 ihore from four to fix fathoms, and towards the middle forty 

 or fifty, without any ftioals. Ten or twelve large rivers, 

 befide a great number of fmaller ftreams, difcharge them- 

 felves into it. The water, though neither bitter nor 

 brackifti, is fomewhat turbid, and its tafte is fo naufeous 

 that it cannot be drank. It abounds with fifh of two very 



T I T 



different kinds ; one large and palatable, called by the 

 Indians Suchis, and the other fmal), infipid and bony, long 

 fince called by the Spaniards Boyas. It has alfo a great 

 number of geefe, and other wild fowl, and the (hores are 

 covered with flags and rufhes, the materials of which the 

 bridges are made. The weftern borders of this lake are 

 called Chucuito, and thofe on the E- are denominated. 

 Omafcuyo. It contains feveral iflands, from one to another 

 of which the Indians pafs on their balfas, a kind of rafts, 

 fupported by inflated (kins. One of thefe iflands is very 

 large, and was anciently one mountain, fince levelled by 

 order of the Incas : this gave to the lake its own name of 

 Titicaca, which, in the Indian language, fignifies a moun- 

 tain of lead. In this ifland the firtl Inca, Mancho-Capac, 

 the illullrious founder of the empire of Peru, invented his 

 political fable, that the fun, his father, had placed him, 

 together with his fifter and confort Mama Oello Hiiaco, 

 there, enjoining them to draw the neighbouring people from 

 the ignorance, rudeneis, and barbarity in which they livedo 

 and humanize them by cuftoms, laws, and religious rite* 

 didlated by himfelf ; and in return for the benefits refulting 

 from this artful ftrat.igcm, the ifland has, by all the Indians, 

 been confidercd as facred ; and the Incas, determining to 

 creft on it a temple to the fun, caufed it to be levelled, that 

 the fituation might be more delightful and commodious. 



This was one of the moft fplendid temples in the whole 

 empire. Befides the plates of gold and filver with which 

 its walls were magnificently adorned, it contained an immenfe 

 coUeftion of nches, all the inhabitants of provinces which 

 depended on the empire, being under an indilpenfible obliga- 

 tion of vifiting it once a year, and offering fome gift. Ac- 

 cordingly, they always brought in proportion to their zeal 

 or abi'ity, gold, filver, or jewels. This immenfe mafs of 

 riches, the Indians, on feeing the rapacious violence of the 

 Spaniards, are thought to have thrown into the lake ; as it 

 is certainly known they did with regard to a great part of 

 thofe at Cufco, among which was the famous golden chain 

 made by order of the Inca Huayna-Capac, to celebrate the 

 feflival of giving name to his eldeil fon. But thefe valuable 

 efFefts were thrown into another lake, fix leagues S. of 

 Cufco, in the valley of Orcos : and though numbers of 

 Spaniards, animated with the flattering hopes of fuch 

 immenfe treafures, made frequent attempts to recover them, 

 the great depth of the water, and the bottom being covered 

 with flime and mud, rendered all their endeavours abortive. 

 For notwithftanding the circuit is not above half 3 league, 

 yet the depth of water is in moft places not lefs than 

 twenty-three or twenty-four fathoms. 



Towards the S. part of the lake Titicaca, the banks 

 approach each other, fo as to form a kind of bay, which 

 terminates in a river called El Defaguadero, or the drain, 

 and afterwards forms the lake of Paria, which has no vifible 

 outlet ; but the many whirl-pools fufficiendy indicate that 

 tlic water iflfues by a fubterraneous pafTage. Over the river 

 Defaguadero is ftill remaining the bridge of rufhes, invented 

 by Capac Yupanqui, the fifth Inca, for tranfporting his 

 army to the other fide, in order to conquer the provinces of 

 Collafuyo. S. lat. 16^ 10'. W. long. 69° 56'. 



TITILLARES Vjzx.e, a name given by fome authors 

 to the iliac veins. 



TITILLATION, Titili.atio, the aft of tickling, i. e. 

 exciting a fort of pleafurable idea, by a gentle apphcation of 

 fome foft body, upon a nervous part ; and which ufually 

 tends to produce laughter. 



TITILLICUM, a word ufed by fome anatomical writers 

 for the arm-pit. 



TITIN Ara, in Geography, a mountain of RufTia, in 



the 



