1 O B 



T O B 



The South Down flieep-farmers have a docoftion of 

 tobacco, wildvine-root, and fulphur, which is boiled in 

 brine for a quarter of an hour, and then ftrained off for ufc. 



Tobacco-water, or hquor, is icept ready prepared for the 

 ufe of farmers in many places where (heep are largely kept, 

 but it is probably the bell way for them to provide their 

 own. 



This water, or hquor, is a powerfully efficacious remedy 

 in various cafes of the fcab kind in fheep, and probably in 

 other animals. It is ufually applied by (bedding or dividing 

 the wool by the fingers and thumbs, and pourmg a little of 

 the liquid in along it. It may be uled every night, as there 

 may be occafion. Such difeafes are readily removed by it 

 in moil cafes, and efpecially in loug-wooUed (heap, in which 

 they often take place. 



In gardening, the fimple water, or liquor, which is pre- 

 pared by infuling or boihng tobacco in foft water, without 

 any admixture, or having any fuch fubllances as above dif- 

 folved in it, is often found beneficial in dellroying and re- 

 moving infeCls of different kinds on fruit-trees and fruit- 

 flirubs, by having it repeatedly fprinkled over them by 

 means of a watering-pot, or devv-fyringe, or in any other 

 way. Many forts of thele trees and fhrubs in hot-houfes, 

 and other places, are treated in this manner with great effeft 

 and advantage in clearing them of fuch vermin. 



Tobacco Key, in Geography, a fmall ifland in the bay of 

 Honduras, near the coail of Yucatan. N. lat. i6° 45'. 

 W. long. 88- 35'. 



ToBACco-P;/>c. See Tobacco Pipe. 



TOSACCO-Pipe Clay. See CiMOLITE. 



ToTiACCO-Pipe Fi/h, in Ichthyology, the Engliih name of 

 )ie ^cus, or the Syngnathus Jicus of Linnaeus; which 

 fee. 



TOB ACTLI, in Ornithology, a name which Nieremberg 

 lays is often given to the American bird more commonly 

 ■ ailed hoaBl't. 



TOBAGO, in Geography, one of the Caribbee iflands, 

 in the Weft Indies, about 30 miles in length from fouth- 

 eail to north-weft, and about nine in breadth. This ifland 

 ivas firft difcovered bv Columbus, in the year 1498 ; but 

 (hough projeAs were formed for fettling it, particularly by 

 William, earl of Pembroke, who obtained a grant of it in 

 the year 1628, and alfo of Barbuda and St. Bernard, they 

 proved ineff'edlual. About the year 163Z, fome Zealanders, 

 'laving fitted out a fmall fquadron for trading to thofe 

 ilands, made fuch a favourable report of this in particular, 

 upon their return home, that the company of merchants 

 to which they belonged undertook to fettle it, and gave it 

 the name of New Walchcren, from one of the iflands in 

 Zealand. The new colony, in a fliort time, increafed to 

 ibout 200, who, finding themfelves peftered by the vifits 

 'f the Caribbean Indians, began to ereft a fort for their 

 I refei-vation. The Indians had recourfe to the Spaniards, 

 \:\\o readily granted them affiftance. They fent a force 

 pon the ifland which demoliflied the rifing fort, and exter- 

 minated the new colony. It was probably from fome 

 Dutch merchants who travelled to Courland, that James, 

 duke of that country, conceived the defign of fettling 

 Tobago. Being a prince of an adlive difpofition, and find- 

 ing there was room for fuch a fetllement, he fent over a 

 colony of his own fubjedls, who fettled upon what has fince 

 been called Great Courland Bay, and ercdied a fmall regular 

 "ort, with a town, in the neighbourhood ; and the duke's 

 ;itle was farther confirmed by a grant from Charles II. 

 king of England, but difputed by the Dutch- Upon the 

 cxtinftion of the Kettler family, dukes of Courland, in the 

 2;crfoii of Ferdinand, fon of duke James, the fief of the 

 9 



ilLmd of Tobago reverted to the crown of England in 1737. 

 By the treaty of Aix-Ia-Chapelle in 1748, St. Vincent, Do- 

 minica, St. Lucia, and Tobago, were declared neutral, and 

 tliolo who remained of the ancient proprietors were left in 

 unmolefted pofl'eflion. By the 9th article of the peace of 

 Paris, ligned on the 10th of February, 1763, the three 

 iflands of Dominica, St. Vincent, and Tobago, were afligned 

 to Great Britain, and St. Lucia to France ; the Charaibes 

 not being mentioned in the whole tranfaftions, as if no fuch 

 people cxiiled. The climate of Tobago is far more tem- 

 perate than could be oxpedted in an ifland that is but i i 

 degrees 16 minutes north from the equator ; for the heat 

 is allayed by the fea-breezcs. Tobago has another favour- 

 able circumftance to recommend it, by its lying out of the 

 track of thofe hurricanes that prove fo fatal to the other 

 Weft India iflands. The furface of the ifland is unequal 

 and agreeably diverfified ; but no part of it is rugged or 

 impaflable, though its north-weft extremity is mountainous. 

 Its foil is of difterent kinds, but in general the moidd is 

 rich and black, and proper for producing, in the greatell 

 plenty, whatever is raifed in other parts of the Weft Indies. 

 The abundance of fprings upon the ifland contributes to its 

 healthfulnefs, and its bays and creeks are fo difpofed as to 

 be very commodious for all kinds of ftiipping. Its fitua- 

 tion, however, requires fortifications to render the ifland 

 fecure againft the vifits of favages and enemies. Befides 

 its producing the different kinds of wood that are to be 

 found in the other Weft India iflands, the Dutch affirm, 

 that both the true nutmeg-tree and the cinnamon-tree, 

 with that which produces the real gum copal, grows upon 

 the ifland, but this affertion wants conHrraation. Mr. Blome, 

 who, in 1687, wrote " The prefent State of our American 

 Iflands," fays that the foil of Tobago produces Indian 

 corn, Guinea corn, peafe, beans, French beans, figs, pihe- 

 apples, pomegranates, oranges, lemons, limes, plantains, 

 bananas, grapes, guavas, tamarinds, prickly pears, papaws, 

 and a variety of other fruits, which are not to be found in 

 Europe. The cocoa-tree grows here to fuch perfeftion, 

 that the Indians call it God's tree, as producing both meat, 

 drink, and clothing. Muflc-melons, water-melons, gourds, 

 cucumbers, and pompions, are raifed to perfedlion : neither 

 is there any want of potatoes, yams, carrots, turnips, parf- 

 nips, onions, and manioc. Wild hogs abounded fo much in 

 Tobago, that the people killed at leaft twenty thoufand of 

 them every year without their being fenfibly diminifhed. 

 Here are likewife found peccaros, refembling fwine, arma- 

 dilloes, guanoes, Indian rabbits, and badgers. Horfes, 

 cows, afies, fheep, deer, goats, and rabbits, were probably 

 introduced by the Dutch, and have multiplied exceedingly. 

 The fea is ftored with excellent fifh, particularly turtle of 

 every kind, and mullets of a moft delicious talle, with other 

 kinds unknown in England. In fhort, the commodities 

 which the country doth, or may produce, are cocoa-nut, 

 fugar, tobacco, indigo, ginger, farfaparilla, fempervivum, 

 bees'-wax, venelloes, natural balfam, balm, filk-grafs, green 

 tar, foap-earth, with many curious fliells, ftones, marcafites, 

 and minerals. In 1781, the ifland was furrendered to the 

 French on favourable terms. In 1793, it was again taken 

 by the French, and foon after retaken by the Britifti. N. 

 lat. 11° 16'. W. long. 60° 30'. 



Tobago, Little, a fmall ifland near the eaft eoaft of 

 Tobago, about two miles long, and one broad. 



TOBAK, a town of European Turkey, in BefTarabia, 

 on lake Jalpug. In 1789, the Ruffians were defeated by 

 the Turks, near this town ; 34 miles N.N.W. of Ifmail. 



TOBAN, a town of the iilaud of Cuba ; 16 miles N.E. 

 of Trinidada. 



TOBAR, 



