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cauleway, in his own paffage, and in more commodioully 

 conveying his mcrchandife, fhould contribute to the expeuce 

 of thefe ufeful eftabhfhments, by a moderate contribution ; 

 and if the ftate thinks proper to exempt the citizens from 

 paying it, it is under no obligation to gratify ftrangers in 

 thii particular. But a law fo juft in its origin, frequently 

 degenerates into a great abufe. There are countries where 

 »o care is taken of the highways, and where they neverthe- 

 lefs require confiderable tolls. 



Some records make mention of tollthorc, or thorough tell, 

 which is money paid for paflage in or through fome high- 

 ways, or over ferries, bridges, &c. Toll trovers, for 

 palling or driving cattle over a private man's ground. And 

 toll-turn, or turn-toll, which is paid at the return of beafts 

 from fairs and markets, though they are not fold. 



By the ancient laws, the buyers of corn and cattle in 

 fairs or markets were made to pay toll to the lord of the 

 market, in teftimony of the contraft there lawfully made 

 in open market, becaufe privy contrafts were held un- 

 lawful. 



Some interpret toll a liberty, as well to take as to be free 

 from toll ; for that they who are infeoffed with toll are 

 cuftom-free. 



Of this freedom from toll the city of Coventry boafts an 

 ancient charter, granted them by Leofrick, or Luriche, 

 earl of the Mercians, in Edward the ConfefTor's time, who, 

 at the importunity of Godeva, his lady, granted this free- 

 dom to the city. 



Toi.L-5(7r, or Stop, on a canal, is a beam for Hopping boats 

 at the toll-houfes. 



ToLL-Hou/es, habitations conftrufted on the banks of a 

 canal or navigation for the toll-clerks. 



TOLLAND, in Geography, a county of America, in 



the ftate of Connefticut, divided into ten townlliips, and 

 containing 13,779 inhabitants. — Alfo, a town of the fame 

 ftate and county ; 65 miles W.S.W. of Boflon, containing 

 1610 inhabitants. N. lat. 41° 58'. W. long. 72° 26'. 



TOLLEIT, a town of Auftria ; 6 miles S.W. of Ef- 

 ferding. 



TOLLEN, a lake of Anterior Pomerania, near Trepto, 



TOLLENON, among the Romans, a warlike machine, 

 formed in this manner : one beam was fixed very deep i;i 

 tfce earth, and on the top of it another more than haLF ao 

 long, and moveable upon a centre. On one end of thi^ 

 crofs-beam was placed a covering of hurdles or planks, 

 within which a few foldiers were put, and, by pulling 

 down the other end with ropes, thefe were raifed above the 

 walls of a befieged town. 



ToLLENON was alfo an engine for raifing water out of 

 a draw-well. 



TOLLERSHAM, in Geography, a town of Auftria; 

 4 miles N.E. of Zwetl. 



TOLLES, or ToL.E, names given by fome to the 

 tonfils, and by others to the glandular abfcelTes fometimes 

 affefting the limbs. 



TOLLESIO, in Geography, a town of Sweden, in Weft 

 Gothland; 23 miles E.N.E. of Gotheburg. 



TOLLET, Thomas, in Biography, a compofer for, 

 and a performer on, the common flute, when it was in its_ 

 higheft favour in England. He pubhlhed likewife direc- 

 tions for playing on the French flageolet. And, in con- 

 junftion with John Linton, whofe initrunient was the flute, 

 one of king William and queen Mary's band, publi-Qied a 

 work entitled " A Confort of Mufick in Thi-ee Parts." 



A ground compofed by Toilet, was much in favour dur- 

 ing our own time. 



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TOLLING a Bell. See Rikg. 



TOLLIUS, CoRNELluc, in Biography, a man of learn- 

 ing in the 17th century, was born at Utrecht, and became 

 fecretary to Ifaac Voffius, by v/hom he was difmifled under 

 a charge of unfaithfulnefs. He was afterwards profefTor 

 of .eloquence and Greek at Harderwyk, and fecretary to 

 tiie curators of tliat univerfity. His works were numerous : 

 and the time of his death is unknown. 



ToLLius, James, M. D., brother of the preceding, profef- 

 foT of eloquence and Greek in theuniverfity of Duift)urg,was 

 tlie author of many learned works, and made feveral journies 

 for literary purpofes, an account of which was given in a 

 pofthumous work, entitled " Epiitolse Itinerarias," publiflied 

 with notes, by Henninius at Amfterdam. A work of 

 foraewhat flmilar title, viz. " Infignia Itinerarii Italici," 

 was pubhflied by himfelf at Utrecht in 1 696, and contained 

 the writings of fome ancient ecclefiailical authors in Greek 

 and Latin, with the editor's notes. He had alfo previoufly 

 publiflied an edition of " Aufonius, cum Notis Variorum," 

 1 671; of " Ciceronis Oratio pro Licinio," with notes 

 .^nd a commentary, 1677; and of " Longinns," Gr. and 

 Lat. with Boileau's French tranOation, and notes by him- 

 felf and others. He had alfo direfted his attention to al- 

 chemy, as appears by his " Manududlio ad Codimi chc- 



micum ;" " Sapientia infaniens, five Promiffa chemica ;" 

 and " Fortuita Sacra, in quibus, pra^ter critica nonnulla, 

 tota fabularis Hiftoria Graca, Phoenicia, jEgyptiaca, ad 

 Chemiam pertinere aperitur." From this work were fe- 

 lefted comparifons between the Greek and Latin poets, 

 printed at Leyden under the title of " Diflertationes fe- 

 lediK criticx de Poetls Graecis et Latinls." Tollius died in 

 1696. 



Another brother of this family, named Alexander, 

 prefented to the public an edition of " Appiani Alexandr. 

 RomansE Hillorii," Gr. and Lat. Moreri. 



TOLLUNDY, in Geography, a town of Hindooftan, in 

 Oude ; 18 miles N. of Bareilly. 



TOLMEZO, a town of Italy, in Friuh, with a caftle, 

 on the Tajamento. Near the town is an extenfive and cele- 

 brated linen manufafture, which, in the year 1782, produced 

 40,000 pieces of printed linen for exportation; 12 miles 

 N.W. of Gemona. N. lat. 46^ 23'. E. long. 12° 52'. 



TOLMIDESSA, in .Ancient Geography, a town of 

 Syria, in the fmall country called Chalcidica. Ptol. 



TOLMINO, in Geography, a town of Germany, and 

 capital of a diitrift, in the duchy of Carniola ; 9 miles 

 S.S.W. of Fcldes. N. lat. 46° 12'. E. long. 13° 47'- 



TOLNA, 



