T O L 



T O L 



TOLNA, a town of Hungary, on the Danube ; 50 miles 

 S. of Buda. N. lat. 46° 29'. E. long. 18° 41'. 



TOLNANI, a town of Hindooflan, in the country of 

 Baglana ( 70 miles W. of Burhanpour. N. lat. 21° 15'. 

 E. long. 75° 3'. 



TOLO, a town of Spain, in Catalonia ; 22 miles N. of 

 Balaguer — Alfo, a town on the E. coaft of the ifland of 

 Morty. N. lat. 2'' 12'. E. long. 128'= 18'. 



ToLO Bay, a large bay ob the E. coall of the illand of 

 Celebes, very broad at its entrance, but becoming narrower 

 towards the bottom. S. lat. 1° 30' to 3° 5'. E. long. 

 121° 18' to 123°. 



TOLOMETO, a feaport of Africa, in the country of 

 Tripoli, ar.cieritly called Ptokma'is; 350 miles E. of TripoH. 

 N. lat. 32^30'. E. long. 20° 40'. 



TOLOMMEI, Claudio, in Biography, a patron of hte- 

 rature and the arts, was born at Siena, of an ancient and noble 

 family, in 1492. Having fpent many of his earlier years at 

 the court of Rome in the fervice of cardinal Ippolito de' Me- 

 dici, he attached himfelf to the duke of Parma and Pla- 

 centia. Upon his death he removed to Padua, and in 1549 

 was nominated to the bifhopric of Corfola, an ifland in the 

 Adriatic. In 1552 he became one of the fixteen conferva- 

 tors of the public liberty at Siena, and joined three other 

 citizens in an embafly to France. Having fpent about two 

 years in that country, he returned to Rome, and died there in 

 1555. Tolommei took pains in cultivating the Italian lan- 

 guage, and contended that it ought to be denominated the 

 Tuican. With a view of reducing Italian verfe to the mea- 

 fure and harmony of the Latin, he publifhed, in 1539, his 

 " Verfi e Regole della Poefia Nuova ;" but his fcheme did 

 not fucceed. To him was afcribed the foundation of the 

 academy " Della Virtu" at Rome, for the purpofe of ex- 

 plaining the architectural work of Vitruvius ; and for which 

 he was emin'ently qualified by his clafGcal and antiquarian 

 learning. 



TOLON, in Geography, an ifland in the Grecian Archi- 

 pelago. N. lat. 37° 35'. E. long. 23°. 



TOLONES, one of the fmaller Philippine iflands, near 

 the N. coaft of Samar. N. lat. 12° 50'. E. long. 124° 57'. 



TOLOSA, or ToLOSETTA, a town of Spain, and capital 

 of the province of Guipufcoa, celebrated for its Reel manu- 

 fafture, particularly of fword-blades ; 7 miles S. of St. Se- 

 baftian. N. lat. 43° 12'. W. long. 2° 7'. 



ToLOSA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Gaul, in 

 the Narbonnefe province, and diocefe of Touloufe. 



TOLOTiE, a people of Africa, in Mauritania Cscfa- 

 riana. 



TOLOUR, in Geography, an ifland in the Eaft Indian 

 fea, of a triangular form, and about 45 miles in circum- 

 ference, confidered as one of the Salibabo iflands. N. lat. 

 4° 12'. E. long. 126° 28'. 



TOLOUS, in Ancient Geography, a place of Spain, be- 

 tween Ilerda and Pertufa. Anton. Itin. 



TOLPAS, in Geography, a river of Ruflia, in the pro- 

 vince of Uftiug, which runs into the Schugor, N. lat. 

 6f 40'. E. long. 58° 22'. 



TOLPIS, in Botany, a word of which we can trace 

 neither the derivation nor meaning, and which feems to have 

 been aftually invented by Adanfon ; nor is it the only in- 

 ftance of fuch a kind of forgery to be found in his book. 

 -We have fometimes been tempted to fuppofe thefe feemingly 

 original names of Adanfon might be reduced from fome re- 

 condite fources of nomenclature or literature ; but the fearch 

 has always proved vain. He was no fcholar, nor is his new 

 French orthography founded in any extenfivc knowledge, 

 much lefa any refined tafle, in language, but in mere affeA- 



atioii. Gsertner cannot be cxcufed for adopting tlie above 

 name, when he had the choice of an excellent one, (fee 

 Drepiana,) given by Juflii^u to this fame genus. Never- 

 thelefs, Tolpis is now cllabliflied, and cannot without incon- 

 venience be fet afide. — Adanf. Fam. des PL v. 2. 112. 

 Ga;rtn. v. 2. 371. t. 160. Willd. Sp. PL v. 3. 1608. 

 Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 4. 461. Sm. Prodr. Fl. Grsc. Sibth. 

 V. 2. 140. Lamarck Illuftr. t. 651. Bivona Monogr. 

 delle Tolpidi. (Drepania ; .lufl". 169. Desfont. Atlant. 

 V. 2. 232.) — Clafs and order, Syngenefia Polygamia-iequalis. 

 Nat. Ord. Compojux femijlofculofic, Linn. Cichoraceit, JuiT. 



Gen. Ch. Common Calyx ovate, of many linear, nearly 

 equal, parallel, clofe fcales, with a diftinct feries of fome- 

 what fcattered and lax, awl-fliaped, incurved fcales at the 

 bafe. Cor. compound, imbricated, luiiform ; the florets 

 numerous, equal, all perfeft, each of one petal, ligulate, 

 abrupt, five-toothed. Stam. Filaments five, capillary, ihort ; 

 anthers united into a cylindrical tube. Pijl- Germen ovate- 

 oblong ; ftyle thread-fliaped, the length of the ftaraens ; 

 ftigmas two, recurved. Peric. none, except the clofed per- 

 manent calyx, tumid at the bafe. Seeds fohtary, fmall, 

 obovate, ftriated ; down feffile ; that of the radius of nume- 

 rous, little, membranous, equal, acute, marginal teeth, or 

 fcales ; that of the diflc of imiilar fcales, accompanied by 

 two, four, or ten ftraight, rough briftles, longer than the 

 feed. Rectpt. cellular, with crenatc edges to the cells. 



Efl". Ch. Receptacle cellular. Calyx equal, with many 

 awl-fliaped fcales at the bafe. Seed-down of the circum- 

 ference toothed : that of the difli toothed, accompanied by 

 feveral brilUes. 



The prefeut genus agrees moft with Crepis in habit. 

 ( See that article. ) T\\efeed-Joiun affords a clear diflinttive 

 charafter, and the outer fcales of the calyx do not affumc 

 that enlarged, dilated, tumid appearance fo remarkable in 

 Crepis. 



I. T. harbata. Purple-eyed Succory -hawkweed. Willd. 

 n. I. Ait. n. I. Prodr. Fl. Graec. n. 1942. Bivona Tolp. 

 13. t. 3. Savi Etrufc. v. i. 183. (Crepis barbata ; Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 1 131. Curt. Mag. t. 35. Hieracium medio nigro 

 boeticum majus ; Herm. Parad. 185. t. 185. H. calyce 

 barbato ; Column. Ecphr. v. 2. 28. t. 27. f. I. H. me- 

 dio nigrum, flore majore ; Ger. Em. 1625.)— -Leaves ellip- 

 tic-lanceolate, toothed. Outer fcales of the calyx falcate, 

 diftant, longer than the inner. Briftles of the feeds two or 

 four — Native of fandy fields, or wafte ground, efpecially 

 near the fea, in the fouth of France, Italy, and the Levant, 

 flowering in May and June. This elegant hardy annual, 

 very eafy of cultivation, has, for two hundred years paft, 

 been common in gardens, where it produces, from Mid- 

 fummer till the autumnal frofts, abundance of flowers, 

 'Y\itjlems are branched, ereft, fpreading or decumbent, ra- 

 ther dow,ny, leafy, repeatedly fubdivided at the top, in a 

 corymbofe, or fomewhat forked manner, ihe Jlowers, which 

 are at firft terminal and folitary, being copioufly overtopped 

 by their fucceflbrs. The fcales of their outer calyx are 

 partly fcattered down the ftalk. Corolla expanded in the 

 early part of the day only, and in funfliine, an inch, more 

 or lefs, in diameter, of a delicate pale lemon-colour ; a num- 

 ber of the central florets of a dark purplifli chocolate hue, 

 forming an almoft black velvet-hke fpot, or eye, in the 

 middle, which conftitutes the chief beauty of the flower. 

 The leaves are rather regularly toothed, alternate, feffile, 

 green, flightly roughifli ; the upper ones moftly entire. 



2,_ T. quadriariftata. Pale Succory-hawkweed- Bivona 



Tolp. 9. t. I. Prodr. FL Graec. n. 1943. Fl. Grasc. 



t. 810, unpubl. (Hieracium cichorii fativi foho integro, 



denticulate, curvo, glaucefcens; Cupan. Phyt. ed. 2. t. 1 18. 



B 2 " H. cichorij 



