TOM 



city of Plata itfelf, as they have often attempted to furprize 

 it. Tomina, the chief town, is fituated 60 miles E.N.E. 

 of I.a Plata. S. lat. 19° 10'. W. long. 65° 46'. 



TOMINE, in Commerce, a weight for gold and fdver 

 in Spain. Gold is weighed by the Callilian mark of 50 

 callellanos, 400 tomines, or 4800 grains. Silver is weighed 

 by the fame mark, but it is divided into 8 ounces, 64ochavos, 

 128 adarmcs, 384 tomines, or 4608 grains. The CaftiHan 

 mark weighs 3557 Enghfli troy grains ; hence 144 fuch 

 marks correfpond nearly to 89lbs. Englifli troy weight ; and, 

 therefore, 96 Caililian ounces = 89 troy ounces. 



TOMINEIO, in Onuthology, a name by which fome 

 authors have called the guainumbi, or humming-bird, the 

 fmalleft of all birds. 



The name feems derived from the Spaniih tom'me, a 

 grain weight, as if they would call it a bird of a grain 

 weight. 



TOM I NY, in Geography, a town on the eaft coaft of the 

 ifland of Celebes, in a bay to which it gives name. S. lat. 

 0° 45'. 



ToMiXY Bay. See Gunong-Tellu. 



TOMISA, in Ancient Geography, a fmall country of 

 Afia Minor, which feparated Cappadocia from mount 

 Taurus. — Alfo, a town of Afia, upon the eaftern bank of 

 the Euphrates. 



TOMISUM, or ToMist's, a town of Afia, in Greater 

 Armenia, in the country named Sophene. Strabo. 



TOMKIN and ToMPioN. See Tampion. 



TOMKINS, Thomas, in Biography, a difciple of Bird, 

 M. B. and gentleman of liis majefty's chapel (James I.) 

 was an excellent mufician. He pubhfhed fongs of three, 

 four, five, and fix parts, without a date. But it appears 

 ■fey a copy of thefe fongs in the library of Chrift-church 

 college, Oxon. that they were publifhed in 1622. 



There are two very curious compofitions by Tomkins 

 in the 3d vol. of Dr. Tudway's " CoUeftion of Cathedral 

 Mufic," in the Britifh Mufeum : the one is a full anthem, 

 in twelve parts ; and the other an anthem in canon through- 

 out, of four parts in one, both well worthy the difciple of 

 the admirable Bird. Indeed, by the compofitions we have 

 fcored, or examined in fcore, of Tomkins, he feems to us 

 to have had more force and facility than Morley. In his 

 fongs there are melody and accent, as well as pure harmony 

 and ingenious contrivance. 



Thomas Tomkins, the father of Bird's difciple, was 

 chantor of the choir at Gloucefter, whofe family produced 

 more able muficians, during the i6th and 17th centuries, 

 than any other which England can boaft. Thomas, the 

 younger, had feveral brothers, muficians, &c. who diftin- 

 guiflied themfelves both in compofition and performance ; 

 among whom was Giles Tomkins, according to Anthony 

 Wood, a moft excellent organift of the cathedral at Sa- 

 lifbury ; John Tomkins, organill of St. Paul's cathedral, 

 and afterwards gentleman of the chapel-royal ; and 

 Nicholas Tomkins, one of the gentlemen of the privy- 

 chamber to Charles I. Thomas, the fubjedi of the prefent 

 article, the difciple of Bird, and bachelor of mufic, was 

 afterwards organift of the cathedral of Worcefter, gentle- 

 man of his majefty's chapel, and, at length, organift. 

 Though he contributed to the " Triumplie of Oriana" in 

 the reign of queen Elizabeth, he was living after the break- 

 ing out of the grand rebellion, about which time he pub- 

 liihed a work in ten books, or feparate parts, entitled 

 " Mufica Deo facra et Ecclefiae Anglicanas," confifting 

 of anthems, hymns, and other compofitions fuited to the 

 church-fervice. The copy of thefe compofitions, in Chrift- 



VoL. XXXVI. 



T O M- 



church college, Oxford, is dated 1664. If this was not a 

 fecond edition, it is probable that his fon was either the 

 author, or at leaft the editor of the work. By a copy of 

 his fongs, in the fame coUeftion, that have been faid above 

 to be of uncertain date, they appear to have been printed 

 in 1622. 



Butler, in his " Principles of Mufic," publifhed 1636, 

 fpeaking of the Lydian moodoi the ancients, which he feems 

 to have perfuaded himfelf he underftood, fays, " of this 

 mood is that paffionate lamentation of the mufical king, for 

 the death of his fon Abfalom, compofed in five parts by 

 Mr. Thomas Tomkins, now organift of his majefty's chapel ; 

 the melodious harmony of which, when I heard it in the 

 mufic-fchool (Oxon.), whether I ftiould more admire the 

 fweet well-goverued voices, with confonant inftruments, of 

 the fingers, or the exquifite invention, wit, and art of the 

 compofer, it was hard to determine." And he calls Mr. 

 Thomas and Mr. J. Tomkins aureum par Muficorum. 



A fet of his vocal church mufic, in four and five parts, 

 MS. is lodged in Magdalen college, and a printed copy in 

 Chrift-church, Oxford. The manufcript copy was pre- 

 fented to Magdalen college by James Clifford, who, in 

 1663, publifhed a colleftion of the words, with the names 

 of the compofers of fuch fervices and anthems as continued 

 to be fung in our cathedrals. To this book Ant. Wood 

 and others frequently refer in fpeaking of our choral 

 mufic. 



Befides the compofitions by Tomkins, mentioned above, 

 in the coUeftion made for lord Harley, Britifti Mufeum, 

 there are likewife feveral very learned and curious compo- 

 fitions by this author ; particularly full anthems in eight, 

 ten, and twelve real parts, fugalo. About this time there 

 was a rage for multiplying parts in mufical compofitions 

 all over Europe ; and Herculean labours of this kind, 

 achieved by Tallis, Bird, Benevoli, and others, have been 

 already mentioned. 



TOMLINSON'.s Run, in Geography, a river of Vir- 

 ginia, which runs into the Ohio, N. lat. 40° 29'. W. long, 

 8o%i'. 



TOMMASI, Guiseppe-Maria, in Biography, a learned 

 cardinal, was born at Ahcata, in Sicily, in 1649, ^"^ ^t 

 the age of fifteen entered among the Theatines at Pa- 

 lermo. He finiflied his ftudies at Rome, where he de- 

 voted himfelf to ecclefiaftical literature, and from the 

 aufterity of his mode of life, and the frequency of his 

 devotional exercifes, he was regarded as a model of the 

 religious charafter. In order to the more fuccefsful profe- 

 cution of his favourite ftudies, he obtained accefs to the 

 principal hbraries at Rome, and in 1680 he publifhed hii 

 " Codices Sacramentorum nongentis annis vetuftiores," 

 4to. dedicated to Chriftina, queen of Sweden. This was 

 followed by fome other works, and particularly, in 1688, 

 by his " Sacrorum Bibliorum Tituh, &c." 410. in which 

 he direfted his attention to the ancient mode of dividing the 

 Bible. Indefatigably employed in the kind of ftudy to 

 which he was addicted, he publiflied feveral works in Latin 

 and Italian, chiefly on fubjefts of religious worfhip. In 

 confequence of thefe labours, Clement XI. raifed him to 

 the dignity of cardinal in 1712, againft his own inclination ; 

 but though his revenue was thus increafed, he retained his 

 former mode of life, and devoted the refidue of his income 

 to the benefit of the needy. He was 9 regular preacher, a 

 diligent inftruftor of the poor, and a zealous promoter of 

 a general reformation of manners in Rome. But death 

 prevented the full execution of his laudable purpofes in 

 1713, in his 64th vear. The fanftity of his life procured 

 C for 



