TOR 



TOR 



when the edge has been turned againft thein, they have been 

 as eager in the defence of popular liberty : and in like manner 

 the Whigs, %vho withftood the ftorm, have melted in the 

 fun-fhine, fo that in point of court complaifance, the ad- 

 minitlrations of the one have differed very little from thofe 

 of the other. Holberg's Int. to Univerfal Hiftory, by 

 Sharpe, p. 260. 



As to the characters commonly attributed to the Whigs 

 and Tories ; the Tories, fays M. Rapin, appear fierce and 

 haughty : they treat the Whigs with the greateft contempt, 

 and even fometimes with rigour, when they have the ad- 

 vantage over them : they are very hot and vehement, and 

 proceed with a rapidity, which yet is not always the effeft 

 of heat and tranfport, but has its foundation fometimes in 

 good policy : they are very fubieft to change their prin- 

 ciples, as their party prevails or is humbled. 



If the rigid Prefbyterians prevailed in the Whig party, 

 it would not be lefs hot and zealous than that of tlie Tories ; 

 but it is faid they have not the direction thereof ; which 

 gives room to affirm, that thofe at the head of the Whig 

 party are much more moderate than the chiefs of the 

 Tories : add, that they ufually conduct themfelves on fixed 

 principles, proceed to their end gradually, and without 

 violence ; and their flownefs is not lefs foimded on good 

 policy, than the haftinefs and precipitation of the Tories. 

 Thus much fays our author may be faid to the advantage 

 of the moderate Whigs, that, in the general, they main- 

 tain a good caufe, -viz. the conftitution of the government 

 as by law eftablifhed. 



TORIESDALE Head, in Geography, a cape on the 

 N. coaft of Scotland. N. lat. 58^ 30'. W. long. 4° 10'. 



TORILIS, in Botany, a genus of Adanfon's, whofe 

 name perhaps may have been fabricated from t^ivu:, to carve 

 or embofs, in allufion to the feeds, which, however, anfwer 

 lefs to this idea than thofe of many neighbouring genera. 

 — Adanf. Fam. v. 2. 99. Spreng. Prod. Umbellif. 24. 

 Gsrtn. t. 20. — Clafs and order, Pentandria Digynia. Nat. 

 Ord. UmbelUfene. 



Adanfon diftinguirties this genus from Caucalis, (fee 

 that article,) by the want of a general involucrum, and the 

 flendernefs of the leaves which compofe the partial ones. 

 Thefe are principles of Artedi and LinnsEUs, but not gene- 

 rally reckoned among their beft. Gaertner, and more re- 

 cently Sprengel, diftinguifh Torllis by the briftles of the 

 fruit being fcattered equally over its whole furface ; not, as 

 in Caucalis, ranged along its ribs. As one of the fpecies, 

 Anthr'ifcus, ufually, if not conftantly, is furnifhed with a 

 general involucrum, and another, nodofa, is not always defti- 

 tute of one ; and as the infertion of the briftles is a very 

 obfcure, if not precarious, charafter ; which appears by 

 the difagreement between Gjertner and Sprengel, concern- 

 ing the fpecies fuppofed to compofe this genus, we prefer 

 leaving our three Britifh ones at leaft in Caucalis, where 

 they are placed in the Flora Britannica. 



TORIM, in Geography, a town of New Mexico, in the 

 province of Hiaqui ; 35 miles S.W. of Riochico. 



TORIN Rocks, a clufter of rocks near the S.W. coaft 

 of the iOand of Mull. N. lat. 56° 16'. W. long. 6° 28=. 



TORISA, a river of European Turkey, which runs 

 into the Mariza, at Adrianople. 



TORKESEY, John, in Biography, author of one of 

 the moft important trafts in the MS. of Waitham Holy 

 Crofs, at prefent in the pofteflion of the marquis of Lanf- 

 downe. This tract, which is the fifth in the colledlion, 

 has been already defcribed. See Power, Lionel. 



TORLA, in Geography, a town of Spain, in Aragon ; 

 16 miles E. of Jaca. 



TORM, Eric Olavius, in Biography, a Danilh writer, 

 was born in 1607, and educated in the fchool of Viborg. 

 Having finiihed his education, and fpent ieveral years in the 1 

 capacity of pi-ivate tutor, he fet out on his travels with a 1 

 view to further improvement ; and vifited Oxford, Leyden, ' 

 and Paris ; and in 1 736 he was appointed profeflbr of mathe- ! 

 matics in the univeriity of Copenhagen, and afterwards 

 hbrarian and preacher in one of the churches. He died 

 in 1667. He was the author of many works, chiefly mathe- 

 matical and hiftorical. Gen. Biog. 



TORME, in Geography, a town of Spain, in Old Caf- 

 tile ; 1 5 miles N. of Frias. 



TORMENT, Cafe, a cape on the coaft of Canada; 

 24 miles below Quebec. 



TORMENTILLA, in Botany, a diminutive of tor- 

 mentum, a pain or griping, fuppofed to have been chofen to 

 defignate this little aftringent plant, becanfe it fcrved to 

 alleviate pains of the teeth, or of the bowels, tormina. But 

 it may fimply perhaps apply to that aftringency, which, 

 confidering the primary fenfe of the above words, the name 



feems to indicate Linn. Gen. PL 256. Willd. Sp. PI. 



v. 2. 1 1 12. Mart. Mill. Di<ft. v. 4. Sm. Fl. Brit. 552. 



.luff. 337. Tourn. t. 153. Lamarck lUuftr. t. 444 



Clafs and order, IcoJ'andria Polygynia. Nat. Ord. Senti- 

 cofit, Linn. Rofacete, .Tuff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, flat, cut 

 half way down into eight fegments, of which four alter- 

 nate ones are fmaller and more acute. Cor. Petals four, 

 inverfely heart-fhaped, flat, fpreading, their claws inferted 

 into the calyx. Stam. Filaments fixteen, awl-(haped, half 

 the length of the petals, inferted into the calyx ; anthers 

 rounditb, fimplc. Pijl. Germens eight, fmall, collefted 

 into a httle round head ; flyles thread-fhaped, the length of 

 the ftamens, inferted laterally into the germens ; ftigmas 

 obtufe. Peric, none. Receptacle of the feeds dry, minute, 

 covered entirely by them, and enclofed in the calyx. Seeds 

 eight, roundi(h-oblong, corrugated, bluntly pointed. 



Efl". Ch. Calyx inferior, in eight fegments. Petals 

 four. Seeds roundifh, naked, wrinkled, attached to a fmall 

 dry receptacle. 



Obf. Linnsus remarks, that this genus differs from 

 PoTENTiLLA, (fee that article,) in chai-aclers founded on 

 number only, and therefore they might be united. Schreber, 

 and recently Dr. Neftler of Strafburgh, have adopted this 

 meafure, the latter uniting Comarum alfo to Potentilla. As 

 the numerical differences are extended throughout the parts 

 of fruftification, though fome of them are acknowledged 

 to vary, and the two fpecies of Tormer.tilla accord fo well 

 in habit, we are induced to follow Linnxus, Tournefort, 

 and Juffieu, in retaining the genus ; for if number were in 

 this cafe entirely overlooked, we do not perceive how Sib- 

 BALDIA could be fupported. (See thit article, Comarum, 

 and RosACE.E. ) It has been aflerted, that botanifts who 

 retain fuch genera as this, %<i%. Ray, Tournefort, Linnaeus, 

 and Juflieu, mil not gain much fame with pofterity ; but of 

 this, we humbly prefume, pofterity will be the judge. 



I. T. ojicinalis. Common Tormentil, or Septfoil. 

 Curt. Lond. fafc. j. t. 35. Fl. Brit. n. i. Engl. Bot. 

 t. 863. (T. erefta; Linn. Sp. PL 716. O^iUd. n. i. 

 Woodv. Med. Bot. t. 9. Fl. Dan. t. 589. TormentiUa; 

 Ger. Em. 992. Camer. Epit. 685. Slatth. Valgr. v. 2. 

 297. Brunf. Herb. v. i. 85.) — Stem afcending, branched. 

 Leaves feifile.. — Common in dry baiTen paftures, efpecially 

 on bufliy heaths, throughout Europe, flowering in fummer. 

 The root is perennial, large, and woody, very aftringent, 

 ufed by the Laplanders to dye leather red. ( See Linnx-us's 

 Tour to Lapland, v. l. IJ5.) Stems weak, flendcr and 



wiry, 



