TOR 



•TORNADOTUS, or Piryscus, in Ancient Geography, 

 the fame with the Gorgus, now Odorneh, a river of Afia, on 

 the left of the Tigris, and near it, into which it difcharged 

 itfelf near the place where the town of Opis was fituated. 

 Xenophon called it Phyfcus, and Ptolemy Gorgns. 



TORNARECCIO, in Geography, a town of Naples, in 

 Abruzzo Citra ; 13 miles N.N.E. of Civita Borello. 



TORNARSUiv, an iOand near the weft coaft of Weft 

 Greenland. N. lat. 61° 50'. W. long. 47° 30'. 



TORNAVA, a town of Sweden, in the government of 

 Ulea ; 15 miles S.S.E. of Ulea. 



TORNEA, a river of Sweden, which rifes from a lake 

 in Lapland, and runs into the gulf of Bothnia, at Tornea. 



ToRNEA, or Torne, a town of Sweden, in Weft Bothnia, 

 fituated on a fmall ifland, formed by a river of the fame 

 name at its mouth, near the gulf of Bothnia, and faid to be 

 the oldeft town in the country, and the farthfeft towards the 

 north. It has three ftreets, running in parallel lines from 

 north to fouth, which are interfefted at right angles by 

 fourteen crofs-ftreets or lanes. Tornea, though built on an 

 uniform plan, confifts moftly of detached cottages, and con- 

 tains only 600 inhabitants. The ftreets are very broad, and 

 not being paved, are overgrown with grafs, on which the 

 cows regulai-ly pafture. The inhabitants, being a mixture 

 of Finns and Swedes, have the charafter of being idle, and 

 addifted to drunkennefs ; yet the adjacent country, chiefly 

 . by the irduftry of the Finnifli fettlers, is rapidly improving : 

 and the population of tha province of Lapmark appears to 

 have advanced much fafter than that of any other part of 

 Europe. In the year 1750, this, according to baron Her- 

 melin, was 27,000 ; in 1777, it had increafed to 31,000 ; but 

 in 1801, it amounted to 52,000. The church is built with 

 timber, and ftauds at a little diftance from the other buildings, 

 but within the palifadoes whicKinclofe the town, and a pretty 

 large piece of arable land. Divine fervice is performed 

 here in the Swedidi language, which is ufed by the burghers. 

 There is another church, built with ftone, on an ifland called 

 Biorkhon, which lies near the town, in which the fervice is 

 performed in the Finnean language, for the benefit of the 

 burgher fervauts, and the inhabitants of the adjacent country. 

 A very confiderable trade is carried on here, not only by the 

 Swedes and Laplanders, but the Ruffians and Norwegians, 

 who alfo refort to the trading and bartering places of Tor- 

 nea, in order to traffic. In the year 1694, this town was 

 honoured with the prefence of king Charles XI. who, being 

 accompanied by feveral perfons of diftinftion'and learning, 

 took a view of the fun, at midniglit, if it may be called fo, 

 from the chvirch tower, at Tornea. In this town, and the 

 adjacent country from hence to Kites, obfervations were 

 made in 1736 by M. Maupertuis, and fome other members 

 of the Academy of Sciences at Paris, in order to determine the 

 meafure of a degree of, and confequently the figure of the 

 earth, and its ratification and extcnfion by Ivanborg in 

 *79g. N. lat. 65° 48'. E. long. 24° 2'. 



ToRXEA Ofvir, a town of Sweden, in Weft Bothnia ; 3 

 miles N. of Tornea. 



TORNESE, a cape on the coaft of the Morea ; 8 miles 

 S.S.E. of Chiarenza. 



TORNESOL. See TuRN-ESOL. 



TORNESS, a cape on the fouth coaft of the ifland of 

 Stronfa. N. lat. 58^^ 56'. W. long. 2° 29'. 



TORNIELLI, Agostino, in Biography, a learned ec- 

 clefiaftic, was born at Novara in 1543, and having entered 

 into the fociety of Barnabitcs, he became general of this fo- 

 ciety. He undertook to write an ecclefiaftical hiftory from 

 ♦he beginning of the world to the time of Chrift, in the form 

 of aati^s, and executed the work with very laudable faga- 



TOR 



city and correAnefs, furniftiing the reader by his chi-onolo- 

 gical and geographical obfervations, with a valuable com- 

 mentary on the books of the Old Teftament. It was 

 firft printed at Milan in 16 10, and afterwards frequently 

 reprinted. Father Negri publiftied an enlarged edition, 

 with valuable notes, in 1757, ;:t Lucca, in four vols, folio. 

 He dechned the offer of the bilhopric of Mantua, and chofe 

 to remain in the Barnabite college at Milan, where he died 

 in 1622. Dupin. 



TORNIT, in Geography, a town of Germany, in the 

 principaUty of Anhalt Zerbft ; 3 miles W. of Zerbft. 



TORNOVO, a town of Italy 5 18 miles S. of Venice. 



TOP..O, an ifland v.\ the Baltic, near the coaft of Sweden, 

 N. lat. 58° 49'. E. long. \']° 40'. — Alfo, a town of Naples, 

 in the county of Molife ; 15 miles S.E. of Molife. — 

 Alfo, a town of Spain, in the province of Leon, fituated 

 on the fummit of a hill above the Duero, over which is 

 a bridge of twenty-two arches. It is the fee of a bifliop, 

 and one of the mort ancient in the kingdom. Here are the 

 remains of an ancient Moorifli caftle, foijgiing a fquare of 

 143 feet, with a round tower at each angle. In tiie year 

 1476, a battle was fought here, by which Ferdinand, prince 

 of Aragon, obtained the kingdom of Caftile from Alphonfo, 

 king of Portugal ; 17 miles E. of Zamora. N. lat. 41° 45'. 

 W. long. 5° 37'. — Alfo, a town of New Mexico, in the pro- 

 vince of Cinaloa ; 50 miles N. of Cinaloa. 



ToRO, //, a fmall ifland in the Mediterranean, near the 

 fouth coaft of Sardinia. N. lat. 39°. E. long. 8^*34'. 



TOROCCA, in Ancient G:ography, a town in the interior 

 of European Sarmatia, near the river Cardnites. Ptol.. 



TOROLLA, in Geography, a town of Spain, in Aragon ; 

 18 miles N.W. of Jaca. 



TO ROM, a river of Ruflia, which runs into the Oby ; 

 24 miles E. of Surget. 



TO RON, a town of European Turkey, in Macedonia, 

 fituated on a neck of land which projefts into the Archi- 

 pelago, between the gulf of Monte Santo and the gulf of 

 Calfandra ; 60 miles S.E. of Saloniki. N. lat. 40". E; 

 long. 23"^ 54'. 



TORON.£US or ToRONAlcus Sinus, in Ancient 

 Geography, a gulf of the .^gean fea, on the coaft of Mace- 

 donia, and feparated from the Singitic and Thermsean gulfs 

 by two large peninfuls. Tacitus. Pliny calls this gulf 

 Mecybernienus. 



TORONE, a town of Macedonia, upon the Toronaic 

 gulf, to which this gulf owes its name. Ptolemy places 

 it in the Paraxis, and Thucydides fixes it in Chalcidia. 

 About three ftadia from this town was a temple of Caftor 

 and Pollux. — Alfo, a town of Epirus. 



TORONTO, in Geography, a fettlement of Canada, on 

 the N.W. bank of lake Ontario, now caOed York. See 

 York. 



TOROPALCA, a town of Peru ; 60 miles S. of 

 Potofi. 



TOROPETZ, a town of Ruflia, in the government of 

 Pfl<ov ; 156 miles S.E. of PIkov. N. lat. j6° 25'. E. 

 long. 32° 24'. 



tOROSAY, a town on the ifland of Mull. N. lat. 56" 

 35'. W. long. 6° 5'. 



TOROSKO, a town of Tranfylvania, in the environs of 

 which are mines of iron and filver ; 19 miles N. of Weif- 

 femburg. 



TOROSUS, m Botany, is fometimes ufed to exprefs an 

 inequality of furface, hke the brawny fwellings of a mufcu- 

 lar limb ; as in the capfule of Papaver hybridum. 



TORP, in Geography, a town of Sweden, in Weft Goth- 

 land I 



