T R A 



T R A 



Spike* terminal, with three clafping brafteas — Native of 

 the Eaft Indies. Burmann's figure indicates a very diflinft 

 fpecies from the laft, with longer and linear leanx^s. Each 

 fbike moreover feems completely enfolded in one large ex- 

 ternal IraBea. Yet the Linnxan fpecimen, from the Upfal 

 garden, appears fcarccly different from T. criflata, as Lin- 

 nasus himfelf fufpefted. He fays the Jloivert are violet, 

 not fl<v-bliie. Thofe who poflefs both plants, in a living 

 ftate, can alone clear up the uncertainty wrhich envelopes 

 thefe fpecies. 



20. T. gracilis. Slender Purple-veined Spider-wort. 

 Kunth n. I. — " Stem branched, procumbent. Leaves 

 ovate, acute, fringed as well as their lax (heaths. Umbels 

 terminal, aggregate, on downy ftalks. Calyx coloured, 

 rather downy." — Native of the cooler regions of Quito, 

 near Tarqui and Chillo ; perennial, flowering in February. 

 Stems fmooth, a foot long. Leaves thickifh, eight or nine 

 lines in length. Umbels three or four together, with about 

 feven jloiiiers in each, whofe corolla is white, veined with 

 purple. Stamens hairy at the bafe. Cells of the anthers 

 widely feparated. 



21. T. debilis. Weak White Spider-wort. Kunth 

 n. 2. — " Stem ereft, weak, nearly fimple. Leaves ovate- 

 oblong, acute, fringed as well as their lax (heaths. Umbels 

 folitary or in pairs, on fmooth ftalks. Calyx hairy at the 

 fummit." — Found with the laft, to which it is confefledly 

 nearly akin ; but the leaves differ fomewhat in ftiape, and 

 the umbels confift of ten or tyie\ve Jloiuers, whofe calyx is 

 green, and xhe\r petals pure white. 



22. T. pulchelln. Dwarf Purple Spider-wort. Kunth 

 n. 3. — " Stem procumbent, branched. Leaves ovate- 

 oblong, pointed, fmooth ; rough with minute ferratures at 

 the margin. Sheaths lax. Umbels in pairs, on fmoothifh 

 ftalks. Calyx gibbous at the bafe, fmooth." — Native of a 

 temperate climate, on the Mexican mountains, between 

 Guanaxuato and Santa Rofa de la Sierra, flowering in 

 September. — Root perennial. Stem fix inches or more in 

 length, round, fmooth, fometimee fimple. Leaves an inch 

 and a half long, membranous, with about thirteen ribs. 

 Umbels terminal, of about nine purple fiotvers. Calyx- 

 iea-ves linear-lanceolate, bluntifh, gibbous at the bafe. Cap- 

 Jule oblong, fmooth, of only two cells, with folitary y^^'A, 



rough with dots. 



23. T. hirfuta. Hairy Procumbent Spider-wort. 

 Kunth n. 4. — " Stem procumbent, branched. Leaves 

 obiong-lanceolate, pointed, rough-edged, waved, beneath 

 hairy, as well as their lax (heaths. Stalks three or four- 

 flowered, terminal, in pairs, hairy like the (lightly coloured 

 calyx." — Native of the cooler mountains of New Granada, 

 near San Miguel on the banks of the river Put^s, Teindala, 

 and the village of La Cruz, flowering in November. The 

 root is perennial. Stem two or three feet long, round, ftri- 

 ated, fmooth. Leaves rounded at the bafe, flat, with about 

 nine ribs, an inch and a half or more in length, four lines 

 broad ; their upper furface nearly fmooth. Sheaths pellucid, 

 ftriated, half an inch long. Calyx-leaves lanceolate, acute, 

 purplifh-green. Petals twice as long, purple. Filaments 

 red, hairy at the bafe. 



24. T. formo/a. Tall Cape Spider-wort. Willd. n. 15. 

 (T. fpeciola; Linn. Snppl. 192. Lamarck n. 9. T. no- 

 diflora ; Lamarck n. 6, according to Willdenow. Comme- 

 lina fpeciofa ; Thunb. Prodr. 58.) — Stem ere£l, zigzag. 



Leaves oppofite, combined at the bafe Found by Thun- 



berg at the Cape of Good Hope. The Jlem is two feet, 

 or more, in height, round, fmooth, except a little woolly 

 line at each fide, running down from the joints. Stem-leaves 

 (jppofite, awl-(haped, kee}cd, from two to four inehea long. 



Vol, XXXVL 



rather woolly at the margin, inferted in pairs into a tumid, 

 entire, woolly or hziry Jheath, about half an inch in length. 

 Flowers in denfe, axillary, aggregate heads, with lanceolate 

 bradeas ; the lower heads (talked. Leaves of the calyx 

 lanceolate, keeled, combined at the bafe. Filaments very 

 hairy. Style bearded at the upper part. Willdenow feems, 

 in tranferibing from the Supplementum, to have written the 

 mme formo/a by miftake iox fpeciofa. The latter being now 

 applied to a different fpecies, fee n. 5, we retain the former 

 here. Lamarck may poffibly have inferted the fame plant 

 twice, once after Liiinasus, without feeing a fpecimen. 



The moft Angular circumftance in the botanical hiflory of 

 Tradefcantia relates to what Linngeus has named T. nervofa, 

 Mant. 223. Willd. n. 7. This proves, by the original 

 fpecimen from Mutis, accompanied with a drawing, to be 

 a very curious plant of the Orchis family. Mutis juftly 

 remonftrated with Linnxus agaiiift making it a Tradefcantia, 

 and caUed it an Epidendrum. Mr. Knnth, who has feen our 

 fpecimen, informs us it belongs to a new genus, and is 

 named by liim Thelypogon aaguflif alius ■ Theflyle, or column, 

 is exceffively hairy, or rather briftly. The lip is very little 

 broader than the two petals, all of them being marked with 

 numerous parallel ribs. The whole ^oTO^r is above an inch 

 wide, and feems to be very handfome. 



Tradescantia, in Gardening, furnifhes a plant of the 

 hardy herbaceous perennial kind, the fpecies of which that 

 is chiefly cultivated, is the common Virginian fpider-wort, 

 or flower of a day ; but there are other fpecies that may 

 be cultivated. 



And there are varieties with pale blue flowers, with deep 

 blue flowers, with white flowers, with red flowers, and 

 with purple flowers. 



Method of Culture They are readily increafed by part- 

 ing the roots, and planting them out in the autumn, or 

 early in the fpring, in a bed or border of common earth. 



And alfo by feeds fown at the fame fcafons in fimilar 

 fituations, the plants being pricked out into other beds in 

 the fummer, and removed in the autumn to the places where 

 they are to grow. 



Thefe plants are durable in the roots, but the ftalks 

 decay annually : they moftly fend forth a new flower every 

 day, hence the common name, during fome weeks in the 

 fummer feafon, and are proper for planting out in various 

 places in pleafure-grounds. 



They afford ornament in the common borfers among other 

 flower-plants. 



TRADEWATER, in Geography, znvex oi Kentucky, 

 which runs into the Ohio, N. tat. 37° 17'. W. long. 

 88° 30'. 



TRADITA Nexu. See Abalienation. 



TRADITION, Traditio, the aft of delivering a 

 thing into the hands of another. The fale of a moveable 

 is completed by a fimple tradition. 



Tradition, in Matters of Religion, is applied to thofe 

 laws, doftrines, relations, &c. which have been handed 

 down to us from our forefathers, without being written. 



Taking tradition in this fenfe, for every thing relating to 

 faith, or the rites and ceremonies of religion thus derived 

 down to us from the primitive church, there are two kinds, 

 viz. apojlolical and ecclejiaflical tradition. 



Tradition, Apojlolical, which is what we properly call 

 tradition, is defined by the Romanifts to be the unwritten 

 word of God, defcended from the apoftles to us, through 

 a continual fucceffion of the faithful. 



By this tradition, fay they, it is, that the Holy Scriptures 



h.ive been kept entire, both as to the letter, l. e. the text, 



and as to the fpirit or fenfe thereof. This tradition the 



O council 



