T R A 



T R A 



TRALLIANA, in Botany, was fo named by Lonreiro, 

 from whom alone w? have any knowledge of this genus, in 

 memory of Alexan ier Trallianus, a celebrated phyfician and 

 naturalift, whofe works are faid by De Theis to have been 

 publifhed at Paris in 154S, andrepublifheJbyHallerin 174?. 

 He wrote a letter on inteftinal worms, which is mentioned in 

 Dryander's B'.bl. Banks, v. 2. 356 ; but we find no traces of 



his botanical information. Loureir. Cochinch. 157 Clafs 



and order, Pentandria Monogyn'm. Nat. Ord. Mmfperma. 

 Juff. ? 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of five ihort, rounded, 

 permanent leaves. Cor. Petals five, oblong, fpreading, re- 

 flexed, longer than the calyx. Nectary large, erect, with 

 ten notches. Siam. Filaments five, fhort, inferted into the . 

 receptacle ; anthers roundiih, of two cells. Pijl. Germen 

 fuperior, roundilh ; ftyle the length of the itaniens ; ftigma 

 (fimple?) Peric. Berry roundiih, of two cells, with two 

 feeds, which are angular on the infide, rounded externally. 



Eff. Ch. Petals five, oblong, reflexed. Nectary with ten 

 notches. Calyx inferior, of five leaves. Berry of two cells, 

 with two feeds. 



I. T. fcandem. Cay rac of the Cochinchinefe. — Found 

 nmning up all kinds of trees in Cochinchina. Stems numerous, 

 ihrubby, long, climbing, without thorns or prickles ; their 

 branches copious, jointed. Lea'cei alternate, roundiih-heart- 

 (haped, pointed, crenate, fmooth. Cluflers lateral, forked, 

 each on a long common ftalk. Flo'jjtrs of a whitifh green. 



TRALLIANUS, in Biography. See Ai,exander 

 Tkaxlias. 



TRALLICON, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia 

 Minor, in the vicinity of Caria, watered by the river Har- 



r' — '- 



TRALLIS, or Tralle?, a town of Afia Minor, in the 

 interior of L)xiia, which, according to Strabo, was rich and 

 populous, and ftrongly fortified by nature. According to 

 Plutarch, here was a temple of Victory. The town had 

 been denominated Antheia, Euanthia, Seleucia, and An- 

 tiochia. 



TRA-LOS-MONTES, in Geography. See Tras-os- 



MOXTES. 



TRAM, in the Silk Trade. See SiLK. 



TKKyi-Road, the fame with ^\iL-RoaJ ; which fee. 



TRA^LA.CASTREL, in Geographi, a town of Spain, 

 in Aragon ; 12 miles S.S.E. of Albarazin. 



TRA^L\NDI, a town of Brafil, on a river of the fame 

 name, which runs into the Atlantic, S. lat. 27° 15'. 



TRAMARICIUM, in Ancient Geography, a place of 

 Africa Propria, upon the route from Carthage to Alexan- 

 dria, between Scina and Aubureuir. Ant. Itin. 



T RAMA YE, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Saone and Loire ; 9 miles W. of Macon. 



TRA^L\ZA, a town of Sardinia ; 8 miles firom Orif- 

 taCTTii. 



TRAMBLING 5/" TTn-Or^, among A/j/kt/, is the wafti- 

 ing of it very clean : which is done with a Ihovel, and in a 

 frame of boards. See Tix. 



TRAM IN, in Geography, a town of the county of Tyrol, 

 on a fmall river which runs into the Adige, 8 miles S.S.W. 

 of Bolzano. 



TRAMIS, a word ufed by fome medical writers, to es- 

 prefs the line ninning along the middle of the fcrotum from 

 the penis to the anus. 



TRAMMEL, an inftrument or device, fometimes of 

 leather, more ufually of rope, fitted to a horfe's legs, to 

 regulate his motion, and form him to an amble. 



It is alfo taken in many places for an iron moveable inflru- 

 ment in chinweys, to hang pots over the fire. 



TnAMMEL-A'rf, or Tramel, is a long net with which tm 

 take fowl by night in champaign countries, much like the 

 net ufed for the low-beU both in Ihape, fize, and meihes. 



The word comes from the French tremail, formed of the 

 Latin tremaeulum or trenuulum ; of tret and macula, becaufe 

 it is compofed of th-ree rows of meflies. 



To ufe it, they fpread it on the ground, fo as the nether 

 or farther end, fitted with fmall plumbets, may lie loofe 

 thereon : then the other part being borne up by men placed 

 at the fore-ends, it is thus trailed along the groucd. At 

 each fide are carried great blazing lights, by which the 

 birds are railed ; and as they rife under the net, they are 

 taken. See Lark. 



TR.\MMELLED, in the Manege. A horfe is faid 

 to be trammelled, that has blazes or white marks upon the 

 fore and hind-foot of one fide ; as the far foot before and 

 behind. He is fo called, from the refemblance the white 

 foot bears to a half-trammel. 



TRAMMELLED-Z^cr/f, Crcfs, is One that has white marks 

 in two of his feet that itand crofs-ways, like St. Andrew's 

 crofs ; as in the far fore-foot and the near hind-foot, or ia 

 the near-foot before and the far-foot behind. 



TRAMMELS, in Michanici, an inftrument fo called by 

 the joiners, and ufed by them for drawing ovals upon boards. 

 One part of it confifts of a crofs with two grooves at right 

 angles ; the other is a beam carrying two pins which Aide 

 in thofe grooves, and aKo the defcribing pencil. All the 

 engines for turning ovals are conftruded upon the fame 

 principles with the trammels : the only difference is, that in 

 the trammels the board is at reft, and the pencil moves upon 

 it : in the turning engine, the tool, which fuppKes the plac« 

 of the pencil, is at reft, and the board moves againft it. See 

 a Demonftration of the principal properties of thefe inftru- 

 ments, bv Mr. Ludlam, in Phil. Tranf. vol. Ixx. part ii. 

 p. 3-8, i-c. 



TRAMONNEL, in Geography, a town of France, in 

 the department of Mont Blanc ; 14 miles W. of Chambery. 



TRA.MONTANE, or Tramoxtaix, formed from the 

 Italian tra, of the Latin trasu, wliich fignify beyond ; and 

 morij or mont, mountain ; fomething beyond, or on the farther 

 fide, the moimtains. 



The term is particularly applied, by the Italian painters, 

 to all fuch as live on the other fide the Alps, i. e. all out of 

 Italy ; as the Germans, Flemilh, French, &c. 



The French lawyers give the fame title oi tramontane, or 

 ultramontane doctors, to the Italian canonifts, Gomez, 

 Hoftienfis, Panorm, &c. who go upon roles and maxims 

 too favourable to the court of Rome, and contrary to thofe 

 of France, 3cc. On the Mediterranean, and in Italv, a 

 north wind is called tramontOTie, a tramontane 'Mind. 



Some alfo call the pole-ftar, tramontana. Hence the pro- 

 verb, to lofe the treonontam, that is, to be out of one's aim, 

 to be difconcerted. 



TRAMORE, in Geography, a finall poft-town of the 

 county of Waterford, on a bay of the fame name, where 

 there is a very fine ftrand, from which it takes its appella- 

 tion. It has a handfome market-houie and ail: mbly -room, 

 and is much frequented for fea-bathing. It is 82 miles 

 S.S.W. from Dublin, and about 6 S. from Waterford. 



TRAMUTUL, a town of Naples, in Bafilicata; 

 13 miles S.S.E. of Potenza. 



TRANADUCTA, in Ancient Geography, a town of 

 Hifpania, in Bcetica, in the country of the Betuli, between 

 Menralia and Barbefob. Ptolemy. 



TRANCAULT, in Geography, a town of France, is 

 the department of the Aube ; 9 miles S. of Nogent fur 

 Seine. 



TRANCHE', 



