T R A 



1 li A 



'Qe ofif tkcgm&mte wbiA aakti it pnbable, that 

 the mdv daOcA as traafiam nvks, are tbe loweft id yshach 

 tlie remains of organic fobftances ha\e ever been imbedded, 

 is, tt"^ the foffils found in fuch rocks bdoog almoft ez- 

 clu£^y to di&rent fpecies of zoophytes and fiiell-fiQi, 

 vhich may be regarded as the firft or loweft Hnks in the 

 <->m"g of aciffiated beings. It is only in tbe npper firata 

 that we caet with remains of anmulg pofleffing tbe Acui- 

 ties of Ti&io and locomotion, and a more complex orgaoi- 

 zation. See Rock, Stsata, and Systems of Gteeogj. 



TRANSITIVE, in Gremmtr, an epithet given to fnch 

 verbs as agciiy an adion which pafles iam. tbe fobjeS 

 that does it, to, or upon, another fobjed idiich receives it. 

 Under the head of verbs tra iifiu »e, come what we afaaBy 

 call verbs adire and paffive : other yerbs, whofe sSdaa does 

 C3t pals ont of themfdves, are called aiders, azd by iosne 

 grammarians mtramfbva. 



In the Hebrew, the verb rrri« itgai, in the Greek iti^ 

 and in tbe Latin /am, are verbs piody center, or intren- 

 Sdre ; or, as tbe Latin and Greek grammarians more 

 uically espreii it, verbs fGoftantive, fignifying the mere 

 rriileiirp of the thing, witboot tbe aSire or trasfitive 

 conjugatioos. 



XRANSITORY, in Commsa L»a>, ftands oppofite to 

 loczL See Action". 



Travsitory Ctcj}. See Chose. 



TaAxaTCRY Trcfpaf:. See Trespass. 



TRANSLATION, formed of trams, hijoni, and labs, 

 ci Jim, to C2TTJ ; the ad of tran sfeiiiii g or remoriog a 

 thcig &om one jJace to another. 



We £ay, the tranflation of a bifliop's fee, a coimcil, a 

 feat of joftice, a parliament ; the tranfiation of the relics 

 of a faint, the tranflatiop of the empire, &c. 



Tbe tranflatioDS of bifiiops from one fee to 3nn«-ln»r are 

 prohibited by tbe cooocil of Nice, winch declares them nuD, 

 and ^points tbe tranllated bifhop to retnni to his fanner 

 diardi. The coandl of Sardica esdodes tranflated bifiraps 

 frtHn communion. It has been obferxed, that oo bifhop 

 was ever removed from a gnceater chmt:h to a lefler ; and 

 tiiaL tboie who thus quitted uieir churches, only did it out 

 of aobition tx avarice. 



This difcipiine was generally obfened for nine hmtdred 

 years; and the firft inft a nce of any tranflarioa of note, was 

 that of pope F<Bmofiis, vrtK> was bifrop of Porto. One 

 of his fuccefibrs took hold c^ tins pretence to have him 

 dvi£ OCT of his grave ; and a cooocil, held foon after, for- 

 bad this tranflatioo to be made a precedent. 



However, the fame church aOoved of fooie legitimate 

 caofes c^ tranflatiaos; as tbe ^qnreiit advantage of tbe 

 ^urch ; under which pretence, tranflatioBS foon became fb 

 fteqaent, that for 500 cb- 600 years lafi paft, they have 

 been efteemed a kind of common law. 



The tranflatKwi tA a rehgions from one order to another 

 carnxx be eSe&ed without the canfent of tbe pope ; it is 

 ^dded, that it is not allowed to traoflate from a fevere; rule 

 to a laser one. 



TRAXiLATiox is alfo nfed ibr tbe verSoa of a book or 

 wntmg o'j- o: ose language into another. See YEBSlOii. 



TRANSiL^RINE, Thaxsmabixcs, fcmtetlm^ that 

 comes from, or belongs to, the parts beyond fea. 



TRANS^L\RISCA, in Aw^as Ga^rapbj, a towti of 

 Low^ or Secood Mnrfia, upon tbe route from Vimisacium 

 to NiccKDedia ; between Appiaria and Candidiana. Antoa. 

 Ida. 



TRANSMIGRATION, the removal or trsulaaoB of 

 a wbde people iato another comjtry, by the power of a 

 cooqaecor. See MiGKAiioy. 



Trassmigratio; b panic uiirlv ufed for tbe piiTaje of 

 a foul out of one body into moiiier ; the fame with what 

 vre othawife call meter.p V.r.-,..- ; wh:cii lee. 



The Siamefe, F. Tacrarc ir.forTr.5 us, from a belief of 

 tbe tranljonigration of fouls into other bodies, forbear kill- 

 ing any beafts ; le£t, by that means, they Ihould difpofTsf^ 

 the fouls of their deceafed rebtkxis. 



Traxsmigratiox. Jomi. Sec loxic. 



TRANS^'ISSION, in Opiks, &c. denotes the pro- 

 perty at a traalparent body, by which it fufiiers the rays of 

 light to pais through its fub&aace ; in which fenfe, the v. : : ; 

 ftands oppofed to refledkto. 



Tranfmifiion is alfo frequently ufed in the fatne fenfe vntli 

 refraSian, becaofe moft bodies, in trasfmittiDg the rays, 

 do alfo refract them. 



For the caolie of tranfinifEon, or tbe reafon why force 

 bodies tranlinit, sad others refled, the rays, fee Tsans- 

 PAHESCY ai:d Opacity. 



Tae rayi or light, fir liaac Newton obferves, are fubjtft 

 to fits of eafy tranfmifiion and refiedion. See Light and 

 Replectiok. 



TRANSMUTATION, the act of transfonabg or 

 ctanging oz-e nature iiito another. 



The term is chiefly nfed in diemifby and medidne. I'. 

 has been greatly queftiooed, vsiiether tbe tranfmutatto:; of 

 iilver icto gold, and <^ tin iatc filver, 10 much fought by 

 the cheoifts, be poffible or not. 



The pureK and fubtden parts of the food are tranijmutec 

 at ai&milated into the proper fnb&acce of tbe body. 3ee 



NuTRiTIOS. 



Nature, fir Ifaac Newton obfeives, feems delighted with 

 tran£Daatations : he goes on to enumerate feveial kinds of 

 natural traniiacutatiocs : grofs bodies and light, be fiifpeOs, 

 may be tnutually traniisuted isto each other ; and adds, 

 that all bodies receive their adive force from tbe particks of 

 Ugbt which eater their compofitioa. 



For all £sec bodies, when weD heated, emit light as long 

 as they costiaue fo ; and, again, Hgfct intermingles rcxetf 

 and inheres in bodies as of^ as its rays fall on tbe folid 

 particks of thofe bodies. 



Again, vrater, vrfaicfa is a fluid, v<datik, tafteleis fait, 

 is by heat tranfinuted into vapoor, which is a kind of 

 air ; and by cold into ice, vduch is a cold, tranfpareot, 

 brittle ftone, eafiiy diiTolvable ; and this &otie is convertible 

 ^ain icto vrater by beat, as vs^wur is by cold. 



Earth by beat becones bre, and by cold is turned intel 

 earth again : deofe bodies are rarebed into various kinds of 1 

 air, and that air reverts into grols bodies. 



Quickfilver fometimes pots os the fbnn of a fluid metal ; 

 iometimes it appeas in the ihape of a peQudd, frs^ik fait, 

 caOed JwHimatr; fometimes of a peOudd, rcdatile, white, 

 taftflcfs earth, caQed mtrearau dalas ■• by difrillatioii, it be- 

 comes T^mar ; and by agitatiao « sacwo, it fliioes like 

 fire, &c 



All bodies, beaS^ fifoes, infers, plants, &c. with 

 all their various parts, grow and incresie ont of water, sad 

 aqceoos and iaime tindores ; and, by putreiadion, aU of 

 them revert into "ivater, or an aqueous fiqun', again. 



Farther, wa:er expo£ed awh^ to tbe open air, pats on a 

 tin&nre, wiiicb, ia procds of time, has a fediment and a 

 fpirit ; and, before ptitre£a&iaa, yidds nooriihment both far 

 awimals aiid vegetables. 



Tbaxsxtutation, in Alcha^, denotes tbe a& of dbai^- 

 ing or tTcahing imperfe& metals into gold or fibrer. 



Tins B alfo caDed tbe gramd tfavt toa ; and, they fay, it 

 is to be e&Sed with the pfailofc^ier's doiie. 



Tbe trick of tranfmming dnaabar into fiher is thus ; 



thi: 



