T R A 



they ftiould be fet upon the deck, and in bad removed or 

 covered with a tarpaulin. 



If they are going from a hoitter country to a colder one, 

 they muft have very little moillure ; if, on the contrary, they 

 are going from a colder to a warmer, they may be allowed 

 water more largely, and being (haded from the heat of the 

 fun, they will come fafe. 



Very many plants, however, will Uve out of the earth a 

 great while ; as the fedums, euphorbiums, ficoides, and 

 other fucculent ones. Thefe need no other care than the 

 packing them up with mofs in a clofcibox ; and there ihould 

 be a httle hay put between them, to prevent them from 

 wounding or bruifing one another, and holes bored in the 

 boxes, to keep them from heating and putrefying. In this 

 manner they will come fafe from a voyage of two or three, 

 or even four or five months. 



Several trees alfo will come fafely in the fame manner, 

 taking them up at a feafon when they iiave done growing, and 

 packing them up with mofs. Of this fort are oranges,' ohves, 

 capers, jafmines, and pomegranate-trees. Thefe, and many 

 others, are annually brought over thus from Italy ; and 

 though they are three or four months in the paffage, feldom 

 mifcarry. And the beft way of fending over feeds, is in 

 then: natural hufks, in a bag, or packed up in a gourd-fhell, 

 keeping them dry, and out of the way of vermin. Miller. 

 See Seed. 



Thofe who are defirous of particular inftruftions with re- 

 gard to the beft means of coUetting both feeds and plants in 

 diilant countries, and of prefenTng them during a voyage 

 hither in a vegetating ftate, may confult Mr. Elhs's Direc- 

 tions for bringing over Seeds and Plants from the Eaft Indies, 

 and other diilant Countries, in a State of Vegetation, Sec. 

 4to. 1770. 



TRANSPORTING, in Sea Language, the ad of re- 

 moving a {hip from one place to another, by the help of an- 

 chors and ropes. See Warp. 



TRANSPOSITION, in Algebra, the bringing any 

 term of an equation over to the other fide. 



Thus, if a + A = r, and you may make a ^= c — b ; b 

 is faid to be tranfpofed. See Reduction cf Equatiani. 



Transpositiok, in Grammar, a difturbing or diflocating 

 of the words in a difcourfe ; or a changing of their natural 

 order of conftrudlion, to pleafe the ear, by rendering the 

 contexture more eafy, fmooth, and harmonious. A tranf- 

 pofition, which renders the fenfe perplexed, is vicious. 

 The conftruftion of the ancient languages, being much 

 more artful than that of the modern ones, allowed of much 

 greater, and more frequent tranfpofitions. The Enghih, 

 French, &c. fcarcely ever allow of them but in oratory and 

 poetry ; in which cafes, they ferve to give a force and energy 

 to the difcourfe, or the verfe, and to prevent their lan- 

 guilhing. 



Transposition, in Mufic. We will venture to fay, firom 

 long experience, that no mufician can tranfpofe at fight, 

 with certainty and firmnefs, but by a perfeft knowledge of 

 all the clefs neceffary to change any one of the feven notes in 

 mufic to any other we pleale. ( See Cleps. ) This was 

 Dr. Pepufch's method of teaching tranfpofition, though 

 not very clearly explained in his treatife ; and Mr. GaUiard's 

 method, which he has made perfectly inteUigible by a plate, 

 in his tranflation of Tofi. Cerone, in 1614, feems to have 

 been the inventor of this method. See Cerone. 



The tranfpoier, befides changing t)ie notes higher or 

 lower by imaginary clefs, without changing their original 

 places on the ftaff, muft likewife know what fliarps and flats 

 belong to every key. If, for inftance, we wanted to tranf- 

 pofe our national fupphcation of " God fave great George 



T R A 



our King !" from G natural to Eb, a'major thirdlower, Tre 

 have only to imagine a clef that will make the fecond line E, 

 which is the foprano, or tenor clef, on the firft fine. If, 

 again, a finger wiftied to have this favourite air a third higher 

 than G, which is B b, the bafe clef with two flats will ren- 

 der all the notes, which with the treble clef were in G, a 

 minor third higher. 



God lave great George our King, &c. 



Now to render G on the fourth fpace in the bafe E b, we 

 have only to fuppofe the treble clef in the accompanimen^ 

 iuftead of the bafe. And to render the fourth fpace B u 

 inftead of G natural, we have only to imagine the bafe clef 

 on the third line %vith two flats, inftead of the fourth with 

 one (harp. 



TRANS-RART, in Geography, a town of Algiers, near 

 the coaft of the Mediterranean, on a gulf called the Iramifea ; 

 30 miles S.W. of Oran. 



TRANSTRAND, a town of Sweden, in Dalecarlia ; 

 80 miles N.W. of Fahlun. 



TRANSTRUM, in the T^aval Arckinaure of the An- 

 cients, a term ufed to exprefs a fort of crofs or tranfverfe 

 feats that were placed in the polycrote gaUies of thofe times, 

 and ferved for the places of f;veral of the rows of men, who 

 could move and work their oars under the feats of the other 

 or lateral rowers of the next tire. 



Meibomius, who has written cxprefsly on the naval archi- 

 tecture of the ancients, lias better underftood the places and 

 ufe of thefe tranftra, than any other author of late times ; by 

 a proper arrangement of thefe feats, and the lateral ones above 

 and below each, he has taken off greatly from the height 

 allowed by Scahger, and others, to the polycrote veffels. 



TRANSUBSTANTIATION.Transubstantiatio, 

 in the Roman Theology, the fuppofed converiion or change of 

 the fubftance of the bread and wine, in the eucharift, into 

 the body and blood of Jefus Chrift. 



Tranfubftantiation, taken in its general and literal fenfe, 

 imphes any change of one lubftance into another. Thus, 

 the change of Mofes's rod into a ferpent ; of the waters of 

 the Nile into blood ; of Lot's wife into a pillar of fait ; 

 were preternatural tranfubftantiations : and the change of the 

 food we eat into the fubftance of oiur bodies, is a natural 

 tranfubftantiation. 



But the word, in its proper and technical fenfe, is re- 

 ftrained to the miraculous change which the Romi(h church 

 holds is wrought in the facrament, by the confecration of the 

 prieft. 



One of the great articles of that church, rejefted by the 

 reformed, is that of tranfubftantiation ; the latter maintain- 

 ing the tranfubftantiation to be only figurative, and the 

 former affirming it to be real. 



The reformed interpret ejl, is, in the text Hoc ejl corpus 

 mcum. This is my body, by Jignificat, q. d. This Jignijies my 



body .• 



