T R E 



THE 



but the tree is gone, and this ifland, which is as bare as 

 thofe furrownding it, is only known by its relative pofitiou 

 in the chart. To the fouthward of this ifland, about three 

 or four miles, there is excellent anchorage in five or fix 

 fathoms water, where (hips are fheltered from evei-y wind. 



TREE-NAILS, or Trennels, in a Ship, are long cy- 

 lindrical wooden pins, employed to conneft the planks of a 

 (hip's fide and bottom to the correfponding timbers, and to 

 faflen the anchor-ftock. 



The tree-nails are juftly efteemed fuperior to fpike-nails 

 or bolts, which are hable to ruft and loofen, as well as to 

 rot the timber : but it is neceflary that the oak of which 

 they are formed (hould be folid, clofe, and replete with gum, 

 to prevent them from breaking and rotting in tlie fhip's 

 frame. They ought alfo to be well dried, fo as to fill their 

 holes when fwelled with moifture. They have ufually one 

 inch in thicknefs to loo feet in the veiTel's length ; fo that 

 the tree-nails of a lliip that is loo feet long, are one inch in 

 diameter, and one inch and a half for a fhip of 150 feet. 



TREET, Triticum, in our Statutes, is ufed for fine 

 wheat. See flat. 51 Hen. III. Hence treet-bread. See 

 Bkead. 



TRE-FALLOW, To, in Hujbandry, is to plough land 

 the third time before fowing. 



TREFFEN, in Geography, a river of Carinthia, which 

 runs into the Drave, 6 miles below Villach. 



TREFFORT, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Ain ; 7 miles N.E. of Bourg-en-Breffe. N. lat.46° 16'. 

 E. long. 5° 27'. 



TREFFURT, a town of Weftphaha, in the territory 

 of Eichsfeld ; 10 miles W.S.W. of Muhlhaufen.— Alfo, a 

 town of Germany, in the principality of Heffe-Rhinfels, 

 fituated on a hill near the Werra ; 36 miles E.S.E. of Caf- 

 fel. N. lat. 51° 8'. E. long. 10° 18'. 



TREFOIL, in Architedure, the ufual mode of orna- 

 menting an arch in the pointed ftyle by the infertion of a 

 cufp or point on each fide of it. Other trefoils are infcribed 

 within a circle, and refemble a head of clover-grafs more 

 perfeftly. 



Trefoil, in Botany. See Trifglium. 



Trefoil is a plant of the clover kind, which is not unfre- 

 quently fown or met with in grals-lands. It is always a 

 valuable plant in fuch grounds as are kept under a permanent 

 ftate of grafs ; and not much lefs ufeful, when fown and 

 cultivated in thofe of the arable kind. See Clover and 

 Medicago Lupulina. 



It fucceeds well on foils of different defcriptions, as on 

 thofe of the dry, loamy, and the calcareous kinds and qua- 

 lities. It was found to fucceed perfeftly on the iloiie-brafh 

 kinds, by Mr. Davis, in Oxfordfhire ; and it has been 

 greatly advifed for the chalky and fome other dry forts, by 

 Mr. Boys of Kent. It is conftantly known to anfwer well 

 in all the lefs moift loams. It is a plant, however, which 

 has been objefted to by fome farmers, as being only a bien- 

 nial ; but as it fheds its feeds annually in great abundance, 

 this is probably a matter of little confequence ; and it is well 

 known to feldom wear out of lands, in which it has been 

 once well eftabUfhed. Its feed is readily prociu-ed, and 

 with little expence or trouble. 



The plant is of much lefs growth than that of common 

 clover, being cor.fiderably flenderer in the ftem or ftalk part ; 

 yet nof.vithftanding this, it is not unfrequently fown with 

 crops of the grain kinds, in the manner of that grafs-feed. 

 The proportion of feed, which is made ufe of in fuch cafes, 

 is ufually about three pottles, or two gallons, when per- 

 feftly cleared of the hufks ; but when in the contrary itate, 



two bufhels are moflly the quantity that is fufficient for the 

 puipofe. Thefe quantities fhould, however, be conftantly 

 varied, according to the nature, circumftances, and condi- 

 tions of the lands. 



By fome it is fuppofed to be a beneficial practice to fow 

 it in thefe ways, efpecially where large flocks of animals are 

 kept ; as with the oats or wheats in the fpring feafon, when 

 they are to be followed with grain in the next ; as, by this 

 means, good feed is provided in the ilubbles for the flock, 

 in the latter part of the fummer and in the autumnal months, 

 while, at the fame time, the land is left free for t!ie pur- 

 pofes of tillage in the fpring. When it is employed in the 

 way of laying down land for paflure, as it is always of much 

 importance to the farmer to have fuch land to produce 3 

 fuU crop the firil year, this is proper ; and as there art- 

 fome grafs-plants which require two or more years to efta- 

 blifh themfelves, and acquire their full growth, while others, 

 arrive at their extreme and perfeA fize and expanfion th» 

 firfl year after being fown ; fome of the latter fort fliould 

 conftantly be had recourfe to, among which this fhould 

 never be neglefted, as it is found, in moft cafes, to be 

 highly v.aluable and ufeful in fuch circumftances. Hence, 

 too, the advantage of mixing it with other fown grafs-feeds; 

 is fhevvn in different inftances. Some farmers confider the 

 quantity of four pounds of trefoil-feed to the acre as to( 

 fmall a proportion ; and think it an improvement to eithei 

 double the quantity, or to add as much red clover-feed, 

 which is probably the preferable method. In this quantity, 

 it is fuppofed, they will not injure the other grafs-feeds 

 which may be fown at the fame time, but furnifh a copious 

 vegetation, until the other may come to perfeftion ; at 

 which period, both the trefoil and clover have a natural ten 

 dency to difappear and be worn out of the land. 



Trefoil is faid to produce excellent pafturage for cattle 

 ftock, but to be more particularly calculated for (heep, 

 when either in mixture with clover or alone, as it is found 

 not to be fo liable to hurt them by fwelling or having them 

 as clover. It is of great importance in the feeding and fup 

 port of fheep, in confequence of its being more early than 

 clover, and its coming in well after the confumption of the 

 rye and turnip crops, before the clovers become ready in the 

 fpring feafon. 



The wTiter of the " Experienced Farmer" ftates, that this, 

 by fome, is fuppofed a bitter plant, and that fheep are not 

 fond of it, but that he muft own that nothing within the 

 compafs of his experience has led him to form fuch an 

 opinion. It vegetates about a month earlier than white 

 clover, and long Ijefore the rye-grafs is exhaufted. But it 

 is thought improper for being fown alone, except for the 

 exprefs purpofe of raifing feed. There are no foils, it is 

 thought, proper for trefoil but what are capable of pro- 

 ducing rye-grafs and white clover. Hay made from 

 this plant alone, is a pretty hay, but feldom abundant in 

 produce. It is conceived that more trefoil is capable of 

 being raifed on any fort of land, in any quantity, by fowing 

 rye-grafs among it, than without ; as it has been obfcrved 

 that trefoil, hke the vine and pea, wants fupport from fome 

 ftronger material to which it may cling. For this reafon it 

 profpers well with red clover, round which its tendrils twine 

 as woodbines in a thorn-hedge. It is beheved, too, that the 

 crop of clover will be very little lefs in quantity or weight 

 from the trefoil growing in a ftate of mixture with it. 

 The after -grafs of trefoil is confidered as not worth much, 

 on which account fome recommend it to be followed with 

 wheat, but it can be declared on the grounds of conftant 

 experience, that land intended for wheat, cannot poffibly 



be 



1 



