T R E 



T R E 



Calyx of four or five equal leaves, overlapping each other 

 in the bud. Petals four or five, equal, involute, and enfold- 

 ing the ftamens, before expanfion. Stamens eight or ten, 

 below the germen, diftinft ; anthers attached by their bafe, 

 of two or four cells, burfting by either a tube or pore at 

 the fummit. Germen (fuperior) of two cells, with from 

 one to tluree pendulous feeds in each ; Jiyle one ; Jligmas one 

 or two. Capfule of two cells, and two valves, with parti- 

 tions from their centres. Seeds albuminous, \vith a naked 

 fear, and an appendage at the oppofite extremity ; embryo 

 in the axis of the flefhy albumen, and half as long again ; 

 radicle direfted towards the fear. The plants are humble 

 fhrubs, refembling Erica, with either fcattered or whorled 

 leaves, deftitute oijlipulas. Thek Jlalis axillary, and fingle- 

 flowered. 



Mr. Brown prefers the name he has chofen for this order 

 to one derived, as it ought in right of priority to be, from 

 Tetratheca ; becaufe it better defcribes the Ilrufture of the 

 ftamens in both genera : the four diftinft cells not exifting 

 in the ripe ftate of the anthers of Tremandra, nor even of all 

 the fpecies of Tetratheca. We are well aware of the truth 

 of his affertion, that bilocular anthers in general have each 

 cdl divided by the inflexed valves, till they burft, being 

 while young truly quadrilocular. We were however of 

 opinion, in founding the genus Tetratheca, that the four 

 cells being permanent, afforded an excellent name, as well as 

 charafter. If this charafter does not exift in every fpecies, 

 it may be lefs important ; but that it is not found m Tre- 

 mandra, furely renders it the more defcriptive of Tetratheca. 

 Mr. Brown proceeds to remark, that the writer of tliis, like 

 Labillardiere, has miftaken the fungous appendage to the 

 apex of the feed for an umbihcal caruncula, or appendage to 

 the fear ; hence one end of the feeds was taken for the 

 other, and they were fuppofcd ereft, not pendulous ; Labil- 

 lardiere moreover was thus led to conceive that the radicle 

 pointed towards the fear. 



The Tremandre£, as Mr. Brown obferves, are nearly re- 

 lated to Polygales, but he efteems them fufficiently diftinft 

 from the latter, not only in the regularity of \k\eJlower, and 

 ftrufture of the anthers, but in the aeftivation, or manner of 

 folding, of both calyx and corolla ; in the appendage of the 

 feed being at its apex ; and, it may be added, in the ten- 

 dency to produce an indefinite number oi feeds in each cell. 

 We would rather condenfe than dilate the number of natural 

 orders, as well as genera, and with refpeft to the firft reafon 

 of our learned friend, we would recall a remark of the faga- 

 cious Correa, that eyery natural order contains fome regular 

 and fome irregular -flowered genera. The different jeftiva- 

 tion is perhaps a neceffary confequence of the laft -mentioned 

 difference. The other charafters are furely of fmall account 

 in this cafe. 



" The greater number of Tremandrete are found in the 

 principal parallel of New Holland. They extend alfo to 

 the fouth end of Van Diemen's iHand, but none have been 

 obferved within the tropic." 



TREMBLADE, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Lower Charente ; 3 miles S. of Marennes. 



TREMBLANT, in Mufu, the name of a very dif- 

 agreeahle ftop in large church-organs on the continent. Its 

 name defcribes its effeft. In general, ijleady tone in a voice 

 or wind-inftrument capable of fuftaining a note, is the moft 

 effential requifite ; but in the tremblant ftop there is a per- 

 petual quivering, fuch as we fometimes hear in the ftreets by 

 the vielle and barrel-organ. See Ohgan. 



TREMBLA Y, Le, in Geography,?iX.o\\n of France, in the 

 department of the Mayne and Loire ; 1 8 miles N. E. of Angers. 



TremblAY le Vicomte, Le, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Eure and Loire ; 7 miles S. of Drenx. 



I 



TREMBLEMENT, in French Mufu:, is equal to /W/7* 

 in Itahan, and cadence in old French mufic : they all mean 

 the fame thing, which in Englifti is s.Jl>aie. 



TREMBLEY, Abraham, in Biography, an eminent 

 naturahft, was born at Geneva in 1710, and having finiftied 

 his own education in Holland, he undertook that of the 

 children of M. Bentinck. He thence went to London, and 

 had the charge of the young duke of Richmond. In the 

 courfe of thefe employments he travelled into vaiiou* parts, 

 and direfted his attention 1.0 various objefts, particularly of • 

 natural hiitory. His diiccvery with regard to the propa- 

 gation of the frefti- water polypes (fee Polype), engaged 

 general attention, and he gave an account of it in his work 

 printed at Leyden in 1744, and entitled " Memoire pour 

 fervir a I'Hiltoire Naturelle d'un Genre de Polypes d'eau 

 douce a Bras en Forme de Comes." His papers on other 

 fubjefts of natural philofophy, as eleftricity, geology, &c. 

 are printed in the Tranfaftions of the Royal Society, of 

 which he was a member. In 1757, upon his return to 

 Geneva, he became a member of the Grand Council, and his 

 conduft as a citizen contributed no lefs to his reputation, 

 than his refearches and difeoveries as a phOofopher. Having 

 the fuperintendance of a granary, he made fome ufeful ob- 

 fervations on the infefts that deftroy corn, and the mode of 

 counterafting the injury they occalion. To the young he 

 was a pleafing inftruftor, adapting liis mode of conveying 

 ufeful knowledge to their years and capacities. With this 

 view he publifhed " Inftruftions d'un Pere a fes Enfans fur 

 la Nature et la Religion," 2 vols. 8vo. 1775; " Inftruc- 

 tions d'un Pere a fes Enfans fur la Religion Naturelle et 

 Revele ;" 3 vols. 8vo. 1775; and "Inftruftions d'un 

 Pere a fes Enfans fur le Princije de la Religion, et du 

 Bonheur," .8vo. 1782. This excellent perfon died at 

 Geneva, highly efteemed and refpefted, in 1784. Haller. 



TREMBLING Poplak, in Planting, a name often ap- 

 phed to the afpen-tree. See Poplar-TVc'^ and Populus. 



Trembling-///, a difeafe in (heep, which often produces 

 great lofs among lambs. It is an affeftion of the paralytic 

 kind, which is fometimes lingering, but at others fo fpeedy, 

 that the animals are not unfrequently dead before it is fuf- 

 pefted. Waihing in cold water has been found ufeful. 

 See Thwarter or Louping-Iil. 



TREMBLOWA, in Geography, a town of Auftrian 

 Poland ; 16 miles S. of Tarnopol. 



TREMECEN, or Tlemsan, a city of Algiers, and 

 capital of the weftern divifion, which is governed by a bey 

 or viceroy ; fituated on a rifing ground, below fome rocky 

 precipices, from which iffue a number of fprings. In the 

 weft part of the city is a large fquare balin, of Moorifli 

 workmanihip, 200 yards long, and about half as broad. 

 Moft of the walls of Tremecen have been built or rather 

 moulded in frames, a method of building ufed by the 

 Africans and Spaniards. The mortar of which they con- 

 fill, is made np of fand, hme, and gi-avel ; which, by being 

 at firft well tempered and wrought together, has attained a 

 ftrength and foUdity not inferior to ftone. About the year 

 1670, Haffan, then dey of Algiers, laid moft of this city in 

 ruins, as a puniihmcnt for the difaffeftion of the inhabitants ; 

 fo that there is not remaining above one-fixth part of the 

 old Tremecen, which, when entire, might have been four 

 miles in circuit. Among the eaftern part of thefe ruins we 

 meet with feveral (hafts of pillars, and other fragments, of 

 Roman antiquities ; and in the walls of a mofque, made out 

 of thefe old materials, we have a number of altars, dedi- 

 cated to the Dii Manes ; 50 miles S.W. of Oran. N. lat. 

 35° i'. W. long. 0° 28'. 



TREMELLA, in Botany, fo called by Dillenius, from 

 tremo, to tremble, or quake, becaufe of its gelatinoui, tender 



and 



