T R E 



T R E 



nffOred with the epithet of Treuen, or faithful. In the 

 year 1641, this town was laid walle by the Swedes ; 20 

 miles S. of Brandenburg. N. lat. 52° 8'. E. long. 1 2° 47'. 



TREVENEN's IrLAND, or Rooapoa, a fmall ifland in 

 the Pacific ocean, difcovered by lieutenant Hergeft, in the 

 Daedalus ftore-lhip, in 1792. S. lat. 9° 4'. E. long. 

 220° 21'. 



TREVERIjOr Treviri, in Jncient Geography, a people 

 who occupied an extenfive territory of Germany, from the 

 Meufe to the Rhine. Of Treveri Caefar fays, " haec civitas 

 Rhenum tangit ;" and the bridge conftrufted over the 

 Rhine fecures the bank on which this city was fituated. 

 The prefent Treves anfwers to the ancient pofitien of 

 Treveri. See Treves. 



TREVES, in Geography, lately an archbifhopric and 

 eleftorate of Germany, bounded on the N. by the eleftorate 

 of Cologne ; on the E. by the eftates of the eleftor palatine, 

 aiid of the houfe of Naffau ; on the S. by France ; and on 

 the W. by the duchy of Luxemburg : about eighty miles 

 in length, but of very uncertain breadth. The country is 

 in general mountainous and woody, containing, indeed, good 

 pafturage for cattle, and in many places alfo fruitful arable 

 land, but yet Hands in need of the importation of corn : on 

 the contrary, the growth of wine on the Mofel is very con- 

 fiderable, with plenty of game. There are likewife mineral 

 fprings, and mines of coal, calamy, iron, copper, lead, tin, 

 filver, and gold. The eleftoral fubjefts are Roman Ca- 

 tholics, but in fome other places which the eleftor of Treves 

 is poflefled of in common with other houfes, there are like- 

 wife Proteftants. The ancient Teviri, from whom the 

 principal town here, and the country alfo, had its name, 

 were, till the fourth century, fubjeft to the Romans, 

 and afterwards to the Franks. In the divifions which 

 the fons and pofterity of the emperor Louis I. had made, 

 this country was added, in the year 855, to the kingdom of 

 Lorrain, and in 870, fell to the (hare of Louis, the German 

 king, ever fince which time it has continued annexed to Ger- 

 many. The church of Treves, however, is held to be the 

 moft ancient in Germany. An archbilhop of Treves was 

 eleAed by the chapter there, and fwore to a capitulation 

 propofed by them. The pope confirmed fuch eleftion in 

 the ufual manner, empowering one of the new elefted 

 bilhops, allotted for that purpofe, to confecrate him. The 

 archbilhop of Treves was in rank the fecond ^iritual 

 eleftor. At the eledion of an emperor, he delivered the 

 formula of the eleftion-oath to the eleftor of Mentz, to be 

 fworn to by him ; and he had alfo the firft voice. As 

 eleftor, the archbifhop of Treves enjoyed both feat and 

 voice in the eleftoral council at the diets of the empire. 

 The fulFragans of the arclibi(hop of Treves were the 

 bifhops of Met-z, Toul, and Verdun. The chapter of 

 Treves confifted of forty canons, among whom were fix- 

 teen capitulars, and twenty-four domieelli. The arch- 

 bifhopric had regular troops, and a land militia. The 

 former of thefe confifted, in times of peace and ordinarily, 

 only of the circle troops, which the eleftor of Treves was 

 bound to maintain, and which amounted to between iioo 

 and 1200 mer. The eleftor alfo kept up a life-guard of 

 forty perfons. By the treaty of Luneburg, the arch- 

 bifhopric and the eleftorate are no more : and that part of 

 the territories which lay on the left bank of the Rhine is 

 annexed to France, compofing chiefly the department of 

 the Sarre. The principal part of the eleftorate lying on 

 the right fide of the Rhine was, in 1802, given as an in- 

 demnity to the prince of NafTau-Weilburg. 



Treves, or Triers, a city of France, and capital of the 



department of tJie &arre : late capital of an eleftoral prin- 

 cipality, and archbifhopric of the circle of the Lower Rhine, 

 lying between two mountains on the Mofelle, over which it 

 has a ftone bridge. This town is very old. Long before 

 the birth of Chrift, Treves was a town of note of the Tre- 

 viri. Afterwards the ancient Roman emperors had a red 

 dence here ; and it is alfo the head town of the firft Bel- 

 gium, and fo early as the days of Conftantine the Great, 

 was the capital of all Gaul. About the year 458, from the 

 Romans it fell under the power of the Franks. Under the 

 Auftrafian monarchs, a royal court had its feat here ; in 

 which, as well under the Frankifh kings as for a long time 

 after, refided pfakgraves. The archiepifcopal court, or 

 palace near the cathedral church, was rebuilt by the eleftor 

 Francis George. The cathedral church of St. Peter here 

 ftands on a hill, being a large building. Exclufive of this 

 churcfc, there are likevrife here three collegiate and five 

 parifh-churches, together with three colleges, and thirteen 

 monafteries and nunneries, as alfo a houfe of the Teutonic 

 order, and a manfion belonging to that of St. John. For 

 the eftablifhment of the univerfity here, papal privileges 

 were ilTued fo early as the year 1454, but thefe were 

 brought duly to bear only in 1472, in 1535 renewed, and in 

 1722 improved. This town, according to the common 

 opinion, was formerly imperial, and had a particular matri- 

 cular evaluation of its own : but by a fentence of the 

 eleftors pitched upon for the decifion of this matter, in con- 

 junftion with the imperial aulic counfellors, nominated by 

 the emperor, it was declared to be fubjeft to the fupe- 

 riority of the eleftor of Treves, which was alfo immediately 

 after effeftually exercifed by liim over it. In the beginning 

 of Auguft 1 794, the French republicans entered the city, 

 which had been haftily eracuated by the German troops. 

 The magiftrates met them in their robes at the gates with 

 the keys, congratulated them on their fuccefs, and decljired 

 they were glad to receive them. The good conduft of this 

 army deferves commendation ; and an Englifh writer, fpeak- 

 ing of it, obferves, " they had no fooner entered Treves 

 than they eftabhfhed a municipality ; they broke in upon no 

 property whatever, and left the different corporations, and 

 all civil and religious inflitutions, as they found them :" 68 

 miles S.S.W. of Cologne. N. lat. 49° 48'. E. long. 

 6° 48'. — Alfo, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Gard ; 12 miles E. of Le Vigan. 



TREVI, a town of Italy, in the duchy of Spolato, 

 anciently called Mutufcii and afterwards Trebula ; 6 miles N. 

 of Spoleto.— Alfg, a town of the Popedom, in the Cam- 

 pagna di Roma ; anciently the fee of a bifhop, erefted 

 about the year 1000, but in the year 1260 united to Anagni j 

 32 miles E. of Rome. 



TREVICO, a town of Naples, in Principato Ultra ; the 

 fee of a bifhop, fuffragan of Benevento ; 14 miles N. of 

 Conza. N. lat. 41° 6'. E. long. 15° 14', 



TREVIE'RES, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Calvados : 12 miles E. of Carentan. 



TREVIGIO, or Treviso, a city of Italy, capital of 

 the Trevifan, fituated at the conflux of the Sile and the Pia- 

 vefella ; the fee of a bifhop, fuffragan of Udina. An uni. 

 verfity was founded here, and afterwards removed to Padua. 

 The town is three miles in circumference, and contains 2500 

 houfes and 22,000 inhabitants ; whom the culture of filk, the 

 filk and woollen manufaftories, and particularly the annual 

 fair in the month of Oftober, fupply with abundant means of 

 fubfiftence. Befides the cathedral, the town contains 16 pa- 

 rochial churches, II monafleries, 10 nunneries, 4 hofpitals, 

 and a pawn-bank. The ftreets ^nd public fquares are in 



general 



