T R I 



T R I 



broad, hairy at theu- bafe aud at their points. Seed folitary, 

 according to profeffor Desfontaines, to whom we are obliged 

 for a fpecimen. Vahl fufpefts there may be tv/o feeds. 



5. T. humijufa. Proftrate Cape Trianthema. Thunb. 

 Prodr. 80. WiUd. n. 5. — " Style one. Leaves lanceolate. 

 Stem (hriibby, round." — Gathered by Thunberg at the 

 Cape of Good Hope, as well as the next. We have feen 

 no fpecimen of either. 



6. T. anceps. Two-edged Trianthema. Thunb. Prodr. 

 80. Willd. n. 6. — " Style one. Leaves lanceolate. Stem 

 Ihrubby, two-edged." — Native likewife of the Cape. 



7. T. decandra. Trailing Indian Trianthema. Linn. 

 Mant. 70. Willd. n. 7. Ait. n. 2. (Zaleya decandra; 

 Burm. Ind. 1 10. t. 31. f. 3.) — Stamens about ten. Styles 

 two. Leaves obovate. Stipulas pointlefs. Stem nearly 

 fmooth. — Native of the Eaft Indies. The herbage of this 

 fpecies bears a great affinity to T. penlandra, but the foot - 



Jlalks are rather (horter. Tneir_y?o<ztnvv indeed are very dif- 

 ferent, thofe of the prefent being much larger, on longifh 

 ftalks, with a flelhy, fcarcely membranous, calyx. 



TRIARATHIA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, 

 in the Lefler Armenia, upon the route from Sebafte to Co- 

 cufon, between Tonofa and Codnzabala. Anton. Itin. 



TRIARII, in the Roman Militia, a kind of infantry, 

 armed with a pike, fhield, a helmet, and a cuirafs : they 

 were thus called, becaufe they made the third line of battle. 



The triarii were alfo called pojlfignani, becaufe ranged 

 behind the principes who bore the ftandard in a legion. 



Polybius diftinguifhes four kinds of forces in the Roman 

 army : the firft, called pilati, or -velites, he fays, were a raw 

 foldiery, lightly armed. The hajlati, or fpear-men, were a 

 degree older, and more experienced. The third, called 

 principes, princes, were ftill older, and better foldiers than 

 the fecond. The fourth were the oldeft, the moft ex- 

 periepced, and the braveft ; thefe were always difpofed in 

 the third line, as a corps dc referve, to fuftain the other 

 two, and to reftore the battle, when the others were broken 

 or defeated. See Legion. 



Hence their name of triarii : and hence the proverb. 

 Ad triarios ■ventum ejl, to fhew that one is at the laft and 

 hardeft ftruggle. 



TRIAS Harmonica, Lat. ; Triade Harmonique, Fr. ; 

 Harmonica/ Triad, Engl. ; in Muftc. This term has two 

 different fenfes. In calculation, it is the harmonical pro- 

 portion ; in prallice, it is the perfeft major chord refulting 

 from the fame proportion, and which is compofed of the 

 fundamental found, its major or (harp 3d, and its 5th. It 

 is called a triad, becaufe compofed of three founds ; and 

 harmonic, becaufe in harmonical proportion ; and is the fenfe 

 of all harmony. 



TRIATHERA, in Botany, from Tfu;, three, and ativ}, 



an awn. Palifot de Beauvois Agroftogr. 39. t. 9. f. 4 



Clafs and order, Triandria Digynia ? Nat. Ord. Gramina. 



EfT. Ch. Calyx fingle-flowered, of two valves. Corolla 

 of two valves ; the outermoft with three briftly teeth ; inner 

 with a triple dorfal awn. 



I. T. juncea of Defvaux is given as the only fpecies, 

 without any account of its native country. By the figure 

 it appears to be a (lender grafs, with hnear leaves, and a 

 fimple, upright, unilateral clujler, rather above an inch long ; 

 t\itJloiuers not a quarter of an inch in length. Nothing is 

 known of the Jlamens, pijld, or feed. The aiun, confifting 

 of three rough equal bridles, more than twice the length 

 ■of thtforet, and united by a (hort fimple bafe, is confidered 

 by the above author as the rudiment of an abortive floret, 

 which idea is adopted in a Cjnilar cafe by Kunth. (See 

 TRI.ffiNA.) We do not doubt that fuch an av>n may take 



place of z. floret, by one of thofe metamorphofes fo common 

 in graffes, whofe awns are known to be among the leaft per- 

 manent of their diftinftions ; but it is offering too great 

 violence to language to ufe one term for the other. 



TRIAUCOURT, in Geography, a town of France, in 

 the department of the Meufe ; 7 miles S. of Clermont en 

 Argonne. 



TRIAZEVA, a town of RufGa, in the government of 

 Upha ; 88 miles N.N.W. of Upha. 



TRIAZNUCHA, a town of Ruffia, in the gorern- 

 ment of Upha, on the Ural ; 140 miles E. of Orenburg. 



TRIBALE, La, a town of France, in the department 

 of the Tarn ; 6 miles W.N.W. of La Caune. 



TRIBALLI, in Ancient Geography, a people of Lower 

 Moefia, upon the banks of the Danube, called alfo Ser- 

 vians. 



TRIBAU, or Trebowe, in Geography, a town of Mo- 

 ravia, in the circle of Olmutz ; 28 miles N.W. of Olmutz. 

 N. lat. 49° 43'. E. long. 16° 29'. 



TRIBE, Tribus, in Antiquity, a certain quantity or 

 number of perfons ; when a divifion is made of a city or 

 people into quarters or diftridts. 



The city of Athens was divided into ten tribes : the 

 Jewifh nation into twelve ; or, if we feparate the family of 

 Jofeph, thirteen tribes, the defcendants of the twelve fons 

 of Jacob, viz. the tribes of Judah, of Reuben, Gad, 

 Alher, Dan, Naphthali, Ephraim, Manaffeh, Simeon, Levi, 

 Iffachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin ; the pofterity of Jofeph 

 being divided into two tribes, that of Manaffeh, and that 

 of Ephraim. 



There were ten of thefe tribes that revolted, and followed 

 Jeroboam. The other two, •uiz. thofe of Judah and Ben- 

 jamin, adhered to the houfe of David, and to the worlhip of 

 the true God, whilft. the other tribes declared for idolatry. 

 This fchifm, which lafted above 200 years, ended at laft 

 in the captivity of the ten tribes, which were carried away 

 by Shalmanefer into Affyria and Media : nor does it ap- 

 pear from hiftory, that they ever returned into their own 

 couHtry, at leaft all of them, though we find it afferted by 

 fome modern Jews and ancient fathers of the church. 



Mention indeed is often made in the New Teftament of 

 the twelve tribes (fee Matt. xix. 28. Luke, xxii. 30. 

 Acts, xxvi. 7. James, i. i.) ; and St. James direfts his 

 epiftle to them ; but from thefe paffages we cannot conclude, 

 that they were then gathered together ; but we may infer, 

 that they were ftill in being. Perhaps the whole body of 

 the Jewifh nation retained the name of the twelve tribes, 

 according to the ancient divifion, as we find the difciples 

 called the Twelve, after the death of Judas, and before the 

 eleftion of St. Matthias. (John, xx. 24.) Moreover, 

 there were Jews in a fufficient number of the ten tribes 

 mixed with that of Judah, or difperfed into feveral parts 

 of the world, to afford occafion for fpeaking of the twelve 

 tribes, 3S making but one body with the Jewifh nation. 

 Of their difperfion into various parts of the Eaft, we have 

 accounts that cannot be queftioned. Whether or not we ad- 

 mit fir W. Jones's opinion, that the Afghans (which fee) 

 were defcended from them, Dr. Buchanan has recently 

 confirmed the opinion, that the pofterity of the Jews ftill 

 remain in India. A heathen author, quoted by Jofephus, 

 (Antiq. 1. ix. and 1. xi. ) affirms, that the Perfians had 

 carried feveral thoufands of Jews into Babylon, from 

 whence it is natural to conclude, that a confiderable number 

 retnrned home with the others, when they were fet at liberty 

 by Cyrus. See 2 Chron. xxxiv. 9. i Chron. ix. 3. 

 Jer. 1. 4. Luke, ii. 36. 



The tribe of Judah did not continue more faithful to 



. God 



