T R I 



God than Samaria, the metropolis of the kingdom of Ifrael, 

 had done. On this account they were often delivered into 

 the hands of their enemies, and at laft all carried away cap- 

 tive by Nebuchadnezzar in the 19th year of his reign. See 

 Captivity and .Iews. 



The Roman people were at iirft only divided into three 

 tribes ; and from this number three, tres, it was that the 

 word tribe, tribus, took its rife. Livy fays (1. vi. c. 5.) 

 that the appellation was derived a tributo. This divifion was 

 accommodated by Romulus to the feveral nations he had 

 united ; the firft confifted of the Albans, the fecond of the 

 Sabines, and the third of a mixture of fugitives, who came 

 to feek an afylum at Rome. 



Servius Tullius, fearing this partition might occafion fedi- 

 tions, divided the inhabitants of Rome by cantons, not by 

 nations : accordingly, he diftributed the city into four quar- 

 ters, or tribes : and by reafon a great number of citizens 

 had retired into the country about, of thofe he compofed 

 twenty-fix other tribes ; fo that from this time the Roman 

 people confifted of thirty tribes. 



Writers are not agreed concerning the precife number. 

 With the four city tribes, and the feventeen niftic tribes 

 of Servius, as fome have arranged and denominated them, 

 the Roman people made up the number of thirty -five tribes. 

 However this be, in after-times the number of tribes 

 amounted to thirty-five ; but they then ceafed to be ranged 

 according to the quarters of the city. The diftribution de- 

 pended on the cenfors, who formed their lift at difcretion, 

 frequently confounding the country tribes with thofe of the 

 city. 



A man was never abfolutely a Roman citizen, unlefs he 

 had the jus tribus, i. e. till he were intitled to the honours 

 of the magiftrature, as alfo a right of voting in aflemblies 

 of the people ; and this is what they called jus quiritium. 

 Hence the inhabitants of the municipal cities were only 

 imperfeft citizens, as being of no tribe. 



The freed-men were obliged to purchafe this right of 

 tribe, which did not otherwife belong to them, though they 

 were citizens ot Rome. 



The names of the thirty-five tribes were, i . Tlie Pala- 

 tina; 2. The Suburrana; 3. The Collina; 4. The Efqui- 

 lina; 5. The Romilia ; 6. The TEmiha ; 7. The Cruftu- 

 miua ; 8. The Cornelia ; 9. The Fabia ; 10. The Galeria ; 

 II. The Lemonia; 12. The Mentian, or Menenia ; 13. The 

 Ocriculana; 14. The Papiria ; 15. The PoUia ; 16. The 

 Popilia; 17. The Pupinia ; 18. The Sergia ; 19. The 

 Veientina; 20. The Voltinia ; 2 1 . The Claudia ; 22. The 

 Stellatiua ; 23. The Tromentina ; 24. The Arnenfis ; 

 25. The Sabatina; 26. The Pomptina ; 27. The Publilia; 

 28. The Maecia ; 29. The Scaptia ; 30. The Oufentina ; 

 31. The Falerina; 32. The Anienfis ; 33. The Terentina ; 

 34. The Velina ; 35. The Quirina. In ancient authors 

 and infcriptions, we meet with the names of others, viz. 

 the Pinaria, Sappinia, Camilla, Ceftia, Cluentia, &c. 



Tribes of Plants, in Gardening, the particular kinds or 

 forts of cultivated garden vegetables of thefe defcriptions, 

 which are arranged and brought together under peculiar 

 heads or names, according to their fimilar refemblances or 

 appearances ; the famenefs of their habits of growth ; and 

 the general affinities which they bear, in fome way or other, 

 to each other. By thefe means, and in thefe feveral ways, 

 a great number of different tribes of thefe forts of plants 

 are formed and conftituted. Thus the time or duration of 

 the growth of fame afford feveral of thefe clafles or tribes, 

 fuch as the following : -viz. the 



Annual Tribe : that which contains all fort! of annual 

 Vol. XXXVI. 



T R 1 



plants, or thofe only of one year's growth or duration, be- 

 ing often fimply, on that account, termed annuals. 



Biennial Tribe: that which includes all kinds of plants 

 which are of two years' duration or length of growth, and 

 which are fometimes called fimply biennials. 



Perennial Tribe: that which comprehends all forts of 

 plants which are of perennial or many years' growth or 

 duration, and which is apphcable to trees as well as herbs, 

 though fomewhat more frequently and generally ufed to 

 herbaceous perennial plants. Thefe are occafionally called 

 perennials merely. See Annual, Biennial, and Peren- 

 nial Plants. 



The nature and form of the root have alfo fome influence 

 in the formation of thefe tribes, as is evident in the fol- 

 lowing : 



Bulbous-rooted Tribe: that which comprifes all kinds of 

 plants which have thick or bulbous roots ; fuch as thofe of 

 the onion, turnip, hly, crocus, narcifl"us, and feveral other 

 kinds. 



Tuberous-rooted Tribe: that which contains all forts of 

 plants which have thick, knobby, flefhy roots, fuch as 

 thofe of the anemone, potatoe, Jerufalem artichoke, and 

 many other kinds. 



Fibrous-rooted Tribe : that which comprehends all forts of 

 plants which have fmall ftring-like fibrous roots, fuch as 

 that of endive, and many other kinds. See Root. 



The ligneous or woody nature of plants hkewife caufes 

 diftindtions of this defcription, i'uch as thefe : 



Ligneous or Woody Tribe : that which includes all forts of 

 plants of the tree or ihrub kind which have woody or 

 folid durable ftalks or ftems, fuch as thole of the oak, 

 alh, beech, and other fimilar kinds, as well as fuch ftirub? 

 as the holly, alaternus, althsa, and many other forts. See 

 Tree and Shrub. 



Arboraceous Tribe : that which contains all forts of plants 

 of the tree kind, which rife with an upright main ftem or 

 ftalk to a confiderable height, as in the alh, beech, &c. 

 See Tree. 



Fruticofe or Shrubby Tribe : that which takes in all forts 

 of plants of the fhrubby kind, or which have any thing of 

 ftirub-like growth, and which rife only to a moderate height, 

 having a divided, low, ftemmy, and branching buftiy ap- 

 pearance about the bottom and other parts, as in the althsa 

 frutex, fyringa, &c. See Shuub. 



The habits of different forts of plants, in regard to the 

 lofs or the retention of their leaves during particular 

 feafons of the year, are a further fource of the diftinftion 

 of them in thefe modes. 



Deciduous Tribe : tliat which comprifes all forts of both 

 trees, ftirubs, and plants, which caft their leaves during 

 the winter feafon, or before it commences ; fuch as the 

 afti-tree, the fyringa ftirub, and the fennel, golden-rod, 

 and minth plants. 



Sempervirent or Evergreen Tribe : that which compre- 

 hends all the various forts of trees and flnubs, as well as 

 other kinds of plants, whicli have the property of retain- 

 ing their green leaves the whole of the year round, fuch as 

 the holly, yew, box, laurel, and many others. See De- 

 ciduous and Evekgkeen Trees. 



Herbaceous Tribe: that which contains all the different 

 forts of the herbaceous or herb kind of plants, which moft 

 commonly rife furnithed with leaves immediately from the 

 roots, and with foft herbaceous ftems or ftalks, without 

 any fort of woodinel's ; but which, for the moft part, decay 

 and die about the clofe of tlie fame year in which they 

 were produced, fuch as the pea, bean, lettuce, muftard, 

 creffes, and numerous others. See Herbaceous Plants. 



D d There 



