T R I 



T R 1 



genus, and yet it is very probable they may be already de- 

 fcribed ainong the numerous fpecies of Croton, which Juffieu 

 juftly cd\\% genus recognofcendum, as requiring perhaps to be 

 divided, or better defined. 



TRIE, in Geography, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Upper Pyrenees ; 13 miles E.N.E. of Tarbe. 

 Trie !e Chateau, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Oife ; 3 miles W.N.W. of Chaumont. 



TRIEBEL, a town of Lower Lufatia, in the circle of 

 Guben ; 12 miles W. of Sorau. N. lat. 57° 36'. E. long. 



I4°5l' Alfo, a town of Saxony, in the Yogtland ; 3 



miles S.S.W. of Oelfnitz. 



TRIEBSCHEBACH, a river of Saxony, which runs 

 into the Elbe, near Meiflen. 



TRIEDROSTYLA, derived from tj.-, thrice, -J^x, a 

 Jide, and ,-r.rXo.-, a column, in Natural Hi/lory, the name of a 

 genus of fpars. 



The bodies of this genus are fpars, in form of trigonal 

 columns, adhering by one end to fome folid body, and ter- 

 minated at the other by a trigonal pyramid. Of this genus 

 there are four known fpecies. Hill. 



TRIEL, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Seine and Oife ; 6 miles N. of St. Ger- 

 main. 



TRIELEN, a fmall ifland in the Englifh Channel, near 

 the coaft of France. N. lat. 48^ 22'. W. long. 4° 50'. 



TRIEMERUS, t\ie three-day fy, in Natural Hi/lory, a 

 fly fomewhat like the butterfly ; it has four large yellowifh 

 wings, and a long body, with a head furnifhed with long 

 antennae, large eyes, and a fpiral trunk. It is found among 

 the nettles and mallows. 



TRIEMIMERIS, T^iruiurfi/, femiternaria, a kind of 

 cxfura in Latin verfe, in which, after the firft foot of the 

 verfe, there remains an odd fyllable, which helps to make 

 up the next foot. 



As in, Ille latus n'lveum molli fultus hyacinintho. 

 TRIENACH, in Geography, a bay of the county of 

 Donegal, Ireland, on the weft coaft. N. lat. 54° 53'. 

 W. long. 8° 17'. 



TRIENNIAL, an epithet apphed chiefly to of&ces or 

 employments which laft for three years. 



Thus we fay, a triennial government : moft regular mo- 

 nafteries have triennial fuperiors ; that is, they eleft new 

 ones at the end of each three years. 



In 1695, ^" ^^ ^^'3' made for triennial parliaments, i. e. 

 for parliaments which (hould be diflblved, and the members 

 be elefted anew, every three years. Till that time, the king 

 had it in his power to prorogue and continue his parhaments 

 as long as he pleafed. This opened a door to corruption, 

 which the triennial bill was intended to prevent. 



The triennial aA has, from fome other views, been fince 

 repealed ; for the great ftrwggles ufual at eleftions, the great 

 ferment it ufually put the nation into, the great expences 

 upon that occafion, with other coniiderations, determined 

 the legiflature, in 1717, to change triennial parhaments for 

 feptennial ones. See Dijfohition of Parliament. 



TRIENS, in jintiquity, a copper money, of the value of 

 one-third of an as, which on one ilde bore a Janus's head, 

 and on the other a water-rat. 



This was the piece of money ufed to be put in the 

 mouths of the deceafed, to pay Charon his fare for their 

 paflage into another world. 



Triexs, or Triental, was alfo ufed for a drinking cup ; 

 and that which was ordinarily ufed. It contained four 

 cyathi, 



TRIENTALIS,in Botany, itomtriens, the third part of 



any thing, ufually of a foot meafure. A name borrowed 

 by Linnaeus from John Bauhin, who calls this pretty little 



plant Herbatrhntalis-, alluding to its humble ftature Liun. 



Gen. 183. Schreb. 244. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 2. 282. 

 Mart. Mill. Didl. v. 4. Sm. Fl. Brit. 406. Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. V. 2. 333. Purfh 254. JufT. 96. Lamarck lUuftr. 

 t. 275. Gzertn. t. 50 — Clafs and order, Heptar.dria Mono- 

 gyn'ta. Nat. Ord. /Jo/ace,?, Linn. Lyfimachi(e,i':R. 



Gen. Ch. reformed. Cal. Perianth inferior, of about feven 

 linear-lanceolate, pointed, fpreading, permanent leaves. Cor. 

 of one petal, ftar-(haped, flat, in feven deep, ovaio J^i^iceolate 

 fegments, alternate with the calyx, very flightly connected. 

 Stam. Filaments feven, capillary, inferted into the bafeof 

 each fegment, fpreading, the length of the cah x ; anthers 

 fimple, recurved. Pifi. Germen fuperior, globofe ; ftyle 

 thread-fhaped, equal in length to the ftamens ; ftigma capi- 

 tate. Peric. Capfule ovate, of one cell, and as many ovate, 

 rigid, cartilaginous, thick-edged valves as there are calyx- 

 leaves, and oppofite to them, highly pohlhed internally. 

 Seeds feveral, nearly orbicular, convex externally, angular 

 within, blackifh, dotted, each enveloped in a fnow-white, 

 finely reticulated, combined, membranous tunic. Recept. 

 central, globofe, very large, with a cavity for each feed. 



EIT. Ch. Calyx of feven leaves. Corolla in feven deep 

 equal fegments, flat. Capfule of one cell, and many valves. 

 Seeds in a reticulated tunic. 



Obf. Linnaeus remarks that feven is the moft ufua! number 

 in the parts of fruftification, though fometimes liable to vary. 

 He adds, that the fruit is a dry berry, not burfting with 

 valves like a capfule. So Gaertner likewife repreleuts this 

 fruit ; and as botanifts have rarely feen it, they have, like 

 ourfelves, adopted the opinions and defcriptions of thefe 

 great writers. Yet nothing is more certain, if we may be- 

 lieve our eyes, than that the fruit of Trientalis from Scot- 

 land, is, as above defcribed, a capfule with rigid fpreading 

 valves, probably foon breaking off from the bafe, and 

 leaving a brittle, dry, globular mafs of feeds, fticking around 

 their receptacle, and enveloped in a moft elegant white net- 

 work, originally perhaps pulpy, which has been taken for 

 the membranous coat of a dry berry. At firft we were in- 

 cUned to fufpeft the valves of the capfule might be a per- 

 manent hardened corolla, but their being oppofite to the 

 calyx foon decided that point. It is high time for us to 

 correft this, too long neglefted, error. 



I. T. europtea. European Chickweed Winter-green. 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 488. Fl. Lapp. ed. 2. 109. Willd. n. i. 

 Fl. Brit. n. I. Engl. Bot. t. 15. Fl. Dan. t. 84. (Herba 

 trientalis ; Bauh. Hill. v. 3. 536. Pyrola alfines flore ma- 

 jor ; Bauh. Prodr. 100; copied in Morifon, feft. 12. t. \a. 



f. 6.) — Leaves elliptical Native of turfy heaths, or of 



woods on the fides of hills, in Scotland and the northern 

 countries of Europe, as well as fome parts of the north of 

 England, flowering in May and June. The perennial root 

 is flightly tuberous, with many long whitifti fibres. Stem 

 folitary, fimple, ereft, four or five inches high, almoft 

 naked, except at the top, where it is crowned with a tuft of 

 nearly feflile, bright green, fmooth, entire haves, dehcately 

 veined, an inch and half or two inches long j tapering at 

 the bafe ; more er lefs blunt at the extremity. Among 

 them are feveral axillary, capillary Jialis, about the fame 

 length, each bearing a very pretty and delicate w\\\X.eJlovjer, 

 with yellowifti, or pale pink, anthers andjligma. Linnseus 

 was particularly fond of this plant, and has celebrated its 

 " fafcinating beauty" in his elegant and eloquent Flora 

 Lapponlca. 



z. T. americana. American Chickweed Winter-green, 



Pur(h 



