T R I 



Purfli n. 2. (T. europaea; Michaux Boreal.-Amer. v. i. 



220.) — Leaves lanceolate, tapering at each end In cedar 



fwamps, and other places, among bog-niofs, on high moun- 

 tains, from Canada to Virginia, perennial, flowering in July 

 and Anguft, and differing conliderably from the European 

 fpecies. Purjh. We have this from Newfoundland, as 

 well as from the garden of the late right honourable Charles 

 Greville, at Paddington. The lea-ves are narrower, more 

 lanceolate, and tapering at each end, but we can difcover no 

 difference in the_/owfrj-, nor any other part befides. Both 

 kinds bloffom at the fame time in our gardens. 



TRIERARCHI, Tfi»fa^x<^^t among the Athenians, com- 

 miflioners chofen annually out of the richeft citizens, who 

 are obliged to provide all forts of neceffaries for the fleet, 

 and to build fhips at their own charge. See Potter, Archseol. 

 Gra^c. lib. i. c. 15. 'om. i. p. 86. 



TRIERES, o Trieris, in Ancient Geography, a town 

 of Syria, burnt b f Antiochus. 



TRIERON, in promontory of Africa Propria, at the 

 extremity of the LefTer Syrtis. Ptolemy. 

 TRIERS, in Lanv. See Triors. 



TRIERTY, in Geography, a fmall lake of the county of 

 Donegal, Ireland, near the borders of the county of Fer- 

 managh. 



TRIESING, a river of Auftria, which runs into the 

 Danube, 3 miles N.W. of Fifchamund. 



TRIESTE, a fea-port town of the duchy of Carniola, 

 fituated in the Adriatic, at the north-eaft part of what is 

 called the Gulf of Triefte. The houfes here Hand on the 

 afcent of a mountain, extending themfelves quite to the fea, 

 and on the top of the moimtain is a taftle. The harbour 

 confifts of the inner and outer. The emprefs-queen, Maria 

 Therefa, caufed it to be confidcrably improved and fortified, 

 and alfo declared it a free port, imparting to it all the requi- 

 fite immunities and privileges, whence all forts of wares, both 

 by water and land, in and out of the time of fairs, may be im- 

 ported here, free from any duties and taxes ; but from this 

 immunity, iron, fteel, copper, quickfilver, fait, gunpowder, 

 mirrors, and cryllal, are excepted. By thefe means many 

 ihips and veffels are induced to arrive there, which at this 

 place unlade their goods, and take others on board, which 

 are conveyed from hence by land-carriage out of the heredi- 

 tary lands belonging to the houfe of Auftria, and alfo out of 

 Germany. A wall, fortified with a baflion, ferres as well 

 for the defence of the harbour againft any hoilile attempt, as 

 for fcreening it againft the wind, and alfo for the fecurity of 

 the fhipping. On the north-weft fide of the town, where 

 formerly were falt-pits, a beautiful fuburb has been eredled, 

 and thereby the bad air, which formerly arofe from thefe 

 falt-pits, meliorated : but ftill at the time of flood, which 

 often rifes here four or five feet in height, a ftench is per- 

 ceived, the fea at this place having a boggy ground. The 

 water alfo of a frefh fpring has been condufted by pipes 

 from the diftance of two Italian miles to the town. Thefe 

 and other improvements and good regulations, have in view 

 the increafe of the trade of the place. Triefte is likewife the 

 fee of a bifhop, who is fuffragan to the archbifhop of Goritz, 

 and bears the title of the count of Triefte. In its cathedral 

 too are twelve canons. The fovereign captain, who governs 

 the town and its territories, refides in the caftle. Lotharius, 

 king of Italy, made a donation of this town and circumja- 

 cent country, together with the right of mintage, to John, 

 at that time bifhop of the place ; but bifhop John II. dif- 

 pofcd of the jurifdiftionover it to the community of Triefte 

 for 500 marks. Afterwards it was incorporated with the 

 <iuchy of Cirniola, but again difmembered. In 1795, this 

 place was taken by the French. The number of fixed in- 

 VoL. XXXVI. 



T R I 



habitants is eftimated at 30,000, without including fea-farins 

 people and ftrangers ; 74 miles S.S.W. of Vienna. N. lat 

 45° 53'- E. long. 1 3° 55'. 



Trieste. See Triste. 



TRIESTY, mountains in the north-weftcrn part of the 

 county of Mayo, Ireland, near the Mullet, and immediately 

 north of TuUaghan bay. 



TRIETERIA, in Antiquity, feafts which the Boeotians 

 and Thracians held every three years in honour of Bacchus, 

 and in remembrance of his expedition into India, which lafted 

 three years. 



TRIETERIS, Tfiilnfif, in the Ancient Chronology, acycle 

 of three years. 



Thales, it is faid, obferving that tlie lunar revolution never 

 exceeded thirty days, appointed twelve months of thirty days 

 each ; fo that the year confifted of three hundred and fixty 

 days : and in order to reduce thefe months to an agreement 

 with the revolution of the fun, he intercalated thirty days at 

 the end of every two years, whence that fpace of time was 

 called a period of three, becaufe the intercalation was not made 

 till after the expiration of full two years, though really it 

 was only a period of two years ; as we are informed by Cen- 

 forinus, De Die Natali, cap. 18. 



TRIEWALD, Martin, in Biography, an eminent ma- 

 thematician and engineer, was born at Stockholm in 1691, 

 and being intended for trade, he travelled to England for 

 information and improvement on fubjefts that concerned his 

 commercial purfuits. Difappointed in profpefts of this kind, 

 he changed his objedt ; and was fortunately engaged by the 

 proprietor of fome coal-mines near Newcaftle to fuperintenj 

 the machinery of his works. This fituation correfponded 

 to his genius and inclination ; and he was thus led to pay 

 particular attention to mechanics, both in theory and prac- 

 tice. In 1726 he returned, after an abfence of ten ycars,to 

 his native country, where he conftrufted a fteam-engine, and 

 read leftures in philofophy, illullrated by a courfe of experi- 

 ments, fimilar to thofe of Defaguhers, which he had at- 

 tended in London. He thus attrafted the notice of the 

 king and of the States, who conferred upon him a penfion, 

 with the title of direftor of machinery. He alfo propofed 

 fome improvements in the manufafture of iron and fteel. 

 Thus diligently and aftively employed for the benefit of his 

 country, he received a commilTion as captain of engineers 

 and infpeftor of fortifications ; and he invented various ma- 

 chines connefted with thole offices, models of which are 

 preferved in the Academy of Sciences at Stockliolm and alfo 

 in the Academy of Lund. Diving was alfo an objcft of his 

 attention, and on this fubjcft he wrote a treatife, entitled 

 " Konft at lefwa under Watnet, or the Art of living under 

 Water," Stockholm, 1 741, 4to. (See DiviNG-J5f//. ) For 

 this invention he received honorary rewards both from his 

 own fovereign and the king of France. In 1729 he was 

 elcfted a member of the Society of Upfal ; and the fame 

 honour was conferred upon him by the Royal Society of 

 London and other learned bodies. Triewald died fuddenly in 

 1 747. He communicated various papers to the Academy of 

 Sciences at Stockholm, which appear in its Memoirs for the 

 years 1739, 1740, and 1747. Bcckman's Hiil. of Inventions. 

 Defaguliers' Philof. Gen. Biog. 



TRIEXAHEDRIA, formed of t^ic, thrice, .f, fix, 

 and i^^oi, ajide, in Natural Hijlory, the name of a genus of 

 fpars. 



The bodies of this genus arc perfeft and pellucid cryflal- 

 hform fpars confifting of thrice fix planes, being compofed 

 of an hexangular column, terminated at each end by an hex- 

 angular pyramid ; of this genus there are three known 

 fpecies. HiU. ^^ ^^^^^^^ 



