T R I 



T R I 



obovate, obtufe. Seeds rarely more than one in each legume. 

 Cfli^K-te/i very unequal, taper, hairy. Linnius confounded 

 this with the preceding, as appears by his herbarium. Others 

 have thought it not diftinft from the following ; but we truft 

 both thofe miftakes are now fufficiently cleared up. 



85. T. JUtforme. Slender Yellow Trefoil. Linn. Sp. 

 PL 1088. Fl. Suec. ed. 2. 261. WiUd. n. 72. PI. Brit. 

 1404. Engl. Bot. t. 1257. (T. lupuUnum minimum ; 

 Dill, in Raii Syn. 331. t. 14. f. 4.) — Heads lax, of few 

 flowers. Flower-ftalks capillary, wavy. Standard fmooth. 



Stems proftrate. Leaflets all nearly feflile Native of rather 



moift gravelly paftures, among ftiort grafs, in Scania, as 

 well as in England, flowering in June and July. Annual, 

 like the laft, but ufually more proftrate, and much fmaller, 

 difcoverable chiefly by its little yellow heads of Jloivers, en- 

 tangled by their capillary y?a//-j, among the radical leaves of 

 Ihort grafs, on grafs-plats, where the foil, though gravelly 

 or fandy, is fomewhat moift, and prone to bear mofs. The 

 jiemt are about a finger's length, numerous, flender, and 

 branched. Leaflets narrow, nearly or quite feflile, on a (hort 

 common Jlalk. Flowers from three to eight, drooping, each 

 on a very flender, though elongated, partial ftalk, and all 

 leaning toward one fide. Calyx quite fmooth ; its teeth lefs re- 

 markably difproportioned than in T. minus. Legume obovate, 

 fometimes two-feeded, fcarcely covered by the withered pale- 

 brown corolla, whofe ftandard is not at all furrowed Some- 

 times the fize of this fpecies exceeds that of the fmaller va- 

 riety of the laft ; but if the above charafters be attended to, 

 no confufion can arife. 



For T. btflorum, Linn. Sp. PI. io88, and T. guianenfe, 

 Aubl. Guian. t. 309, fee Stylosanthes, n. 4 and 5. 



Linnseus, at the end of this genus, clafles the various fpe- 

 cies according to their inflorefcence, whether racemofe, um- 

 bellate, fafciculate, capitate, or fpiked ; which ferves to 

 Ihew the impropriety of any generic charafter derived from 

 thence. 



TRIFORIUM, the gallery which ufually goes round 

 a church of the pointed ftyle, over the fide-aifles, fo called 

 by Gervafius and other ancient writers. 



TRIFORMIS, in Mythology, an epithet given to Diana; 

 which fee. 



TRIGA, in Antiquity, a kind of car, or chariot, with 

 three horfes. 



The triga, in reality, was only drawn by two horfes ; fo 

 that it was properly a biga ; but it had, befides, a third horfe 

 tied to the others, like a led horfe, for change. Statins calls 

 the third horfe, equus funalis ; Hefychius, ■wtipnojo,- ; and 

 Dionyfius Halicarnafieus, o-Eijaios. 



We do not find the triga on any ancient monument ; but 

 it was a long time in ufe among the Romans, at their ludi 

 Circenfes. The Greeks, who firft introduced it, foon aban- 

 doned it. 



TRIGAL, in Geography, z town of Pruflia, in Natangen ; 

 9 miles S. of Lick. 



TRIGAMY, a third marriage ; or the ftate of a perfon 

 who hath been married three times. 



In the ancient church, trigamy was only allowed to fuch 

 as had no children by their former marriages. 



If, having children by one or both the former, they 

 married again, after forty years of age, they were excluded 

 from communion for five years. If they were only forty 

 years old, the penance was but four years. See Bigamy. 



TRIGAULT, Nicholas, in Biography, a Jefuit mif- 

 fionary, was born at Douay in 1577, and having entered into 

 the Society of Jefus, was fent, in 16 10, on a mifPion to the 

 Eaft Indies. After a year's refidence in China, he came to 

 Europe for a recruit of miffionaries, and returned with forty- 



four affociates. At length his life and labours terminated at 

 Nanking in 1628. Of his works, which were numerous, we 

 (hall only mention his treatife entitled " De Chriftiana Expe- 

 ditione apud Sinas ex Matthei Ricci Commentariis," 1 6 1 5, 4to. 

 This work, compofed from the memoirs of Ricci, contains a 

 defcription of the manners, laws, and cuftoms of the empire 

 of China, with an account of the adls of the Jefuits in that 

 country. " A Chinefe Diftionary," 3 vols, printed in China. • 

 Moreri. \ 



TRIGEMINI Nervi, in Anatomy, the nerves of the fifth j 

 pair of the head. See Nerve. 



TRIGINTAL. See Trental. 



TRIGLA, or Gurnard, in Ichthyology, a genus of fiflj ; 

 of the order of the Thoracici ; the characters of which are, | 

 that the head is large, mailed, and marked by rough hnes ; the 

 eyes large and round at the vertex ; the mouth large ; the 

 palate and mandibles armed with fliarpened teeth ; and the 

 noftrils double ; the aperture of the branchiae or gills large ; 

 the gill-cover fpiny, and the gill-membrane feven-rayed ! the 

 body covered with fcales, wedge -formed ; the back ftraight, 

 with a longitudinal furrow on both fides fpinous ; the la- 

 teral line near the back, ftraight ; the abdomen thick, the 

 ventral and peftoral fins large, and, in fome fpecies, near the 

 peftoral fins are finger-ftiaped procefles. 



Species. 



i 



Cataphracta; Red Gurnard. With double fingers ; | 

 forked elongated fnout, and oftagonal mailed body : its H 

 length is about twelve inches ; the longitudinal rows or di- * 

 vifions of the body are marked by as many ferrated or acu- 

 leated lines ; beneath the throat is a pair of ramified cirri , 

 tlie peftoral fins and tail are pale-brown ; the other fins 

 pale-yellow, and nearly tranfparent ; rays of the firft dorfai 

 fin running out beyond the membrane. A native of the 

 Mediterranean. 



Lyra ; Red Gurnard. Silvery beneath, with triple fin- 

 gers, and bifid denticulated fnout. This is the Piper of 

 the Britifh Zoology. Its length is from one to two feet or 

 more ; its lateral Tine formed of fmall fcales ; its fcales are 

 fmall, pedloral fins large, (lightly tinged with dull blue ; tail 

 of like colour; the other fins yellowiih, with red rays. 

 Native of the European feas, and confidered as an excellent 

 fifli for the table. 



Gurnardus ; Grey Gurnai-d. With triple fingers, and 

 lateral line mailed with rounded whitifh fcales : length the 

 fame as that of the former : colour above deep grey, with 

 blackifli and red fpots, beneath filvery ; fcales fmall, lateral 

 line ftrongly marked with a feries of larger, rounded, whitilh 

 fcales, with a dufliy central fpot. Native of the European 

 feas, and not uncommon about our own coafts, feeding on 

 worms, infefts, &c. 



CucULUS ; Red Cuckow Gurnard. Silvery beneath, 

 with triple fingers, and firft dorfai fin marked by a black 

 fpot : an elegant fpecies, about a foot in length, of a more 

 flender ftiape than the laft ; colour on the upper parts a 

 beautiful red, more or lefs diftinftly marked by whitifli tranf- 

 verfe bars ; fcales extremely fmall ; lateral line compofed 

 of pointed white fcales edged with black, and a fimilar row 

 on each fide of the back ; fins tranfparent ; the firft dorfai 

 marked on the edge by a black fpot, the fecond tinged near 

 its edge with yellow. Native of the European feas, and 

 efteemed as a food. 



Lucerka. With triple fingers, fub-bifid fnout, and la- 

 teral Une bifid at the tail. Native of tlie Northern feas, and 

 conjeftured to be a variety of T. hirundo. 



Hirundo ; Grey-brown Gurnard. Silvery beneath, with 

 triple fingers, and very large olivaceous peroral fins fpotted i 



