T R I 



with blue : the Sapphiric gurnsni of the Britifh Zoology ; 

 and ftock-filh of Willughby. Of the fame fize with the 

 grey gurnard ; fcales middle -fized, lateral line rough, peroral 

 hiis very large, of a violaceous olive, fometimes richly edged 

 and fpotted with blue. Native of the European feas, occa- 

 lionally fpringing out of the water to fome diltance by means 

 of its large pectoral fins. 



Ljneata ; Red Gurnard. Marked above by dufky- 

 iaiiguine fpots, with the body crolTed on each fide by nume- 

 rous perpendicular lines : the llreaked gurnard of the Bri- 

 liih Zoology. Size and habit of T. cuculus ; colour 

 bright-red, abdomen filvery ; on each fide of the back, clofe 

 to the bafe of the dorfal fins, a row of broad, ferrated, fhort 

 proceffes of a yellow colour ; lateral line formed by a row of 

 fimilar ones ; fcales fmall, fides above and below the lateral 

 line marked into very numerous, narrow perpendicular 

 divifions ; pecloral fins large, rodnded, of a dulky-brown, 

 fpotted with black ; reft or the fins yellowiiJi, with a tinge 

 of red, efpecially the tail, which is flightly lunated. Native 

 oi the Mediterranean fea. 



AsjATICA ; Silvery Guriwrd. With quadruple fingers ; 

 body fmootli, fnout fmooth and prominent ; anterior gill- 

 coTers ferrated ; peftoral fins falcated. Native of the In- 

 dian feas. 



EvoLANS ; Springing Gurnard. With triple fingers, and 

 three ferrated fpines between the dorfal fins ; allied to the 

 T. volitans, but furnifhed with three feparate peftoral pro- 

 ceffes ; the pe6toral fins very large, but lefs than thofe of the 

 next fpecies ; the pectoral fins blackifli. Native of the Ame- 

 rican feas. 



Volitans ; Red Gurnard. With aculeated fcales, very 

 large pe&oral fins fpotted with blue, and fextuple fingers con- 

 necfted by a membrane ; the Milnjus of Salvian, Aldrovandus, 

 Willughby, &c. This isahighlyfingular and beautiful fpecies ; 

 length about twelve inches ; colour crimfon above, pale or 

 wlutifh beneath ; head blunt, armed on each fide with two 

 very ftrong large fpines, pointing backwards ; the whole 

 body covered with very ilrong carinated and fliarp-pointed 

 fcales, hardly feparable ; firft dorfal fin palevioIet,crofred with 

 deeper lines, and at its origin two feparate rays longer than 

 the reft ; fecond dorfal fin pale, witlithe rays barred by brown ; 

 peftoral fins very large, tranfparent, of an olive-green, richly 

 varied with numerous bright-blue fpots, fix peftoral pro- 

 ceffes, not feparat^ but united, and appearing like a fmaH 

 fin on each fide of the thorax ; tail pale violet, with the rays 

 croffed by dufky fpots, and ftrengthened on each fide of the 

 bafe by two obliquely tranfverfe bony ribs or bars. Native 

 of the Mediterranean, Atlantic, and Indian feas, where it 

 fwims in fhoals, and is often feen flying out of the water 

 to a confiderable diftance. 



Japonica, or Alata ; the Japanefe Gurnard. With 

 eleven fingers on each fide, palmated by a membrane. About 

 four inches in length ; head angular ; lower jaw and hinder 

 margin of the gill-covers furnifiied with two ftrong fpines. 

 Native of the Japanefe fea. 



Adriatica. With the body verticillated by fcales, 

 with aculeated lateral line ; peftoral fins black beneath, and 

 triple fingers ; fuppofed to be a variety of T. lineata, 

 and differing from it by being varied with bands of black 

 fpots, and having the fpots of the peftoral fins difpofed 

 into two tranfverfe bands, the edges being ijiarked be- 

 neath by a row of blue fpots. Obferved in the Adriatic 

 fea. 



Minuta. With triple fingers, and bicaiinated back. 

 A fmall fpecies: head hard and rough, emarginated and 

 denticulated in front, and furniflied with two fpines above 

 the eyes ; pofterior gill-covers fpiny ; peftoral and ventral 



Vol. XXXVI. 



T R I 



fins very fharp-pointed ; tail rounded. Native of tJie In- 

 dian feas. 



Carolina ; Whitifh Gurnard. Speckled with red, with 

 triple fingers, and brown peftoral fins tranfverfely banded 

 with black ; length about ten inches ; dorfal fins pale orange 

 Ipotted with brown ; the firft fin marked by a black fpot ; 

 tail llightly rounded at the end, and croffed by three or four 

 rows of brown fpots. Native of the American feas. 



Cavillone ; Red Gurnard. With a fingle fpine above 

 each eye, and fix on each fide of the back of the head. 

 Length about three inches ; body covered with fmall, den- 

 ticulated, rough fcales j colour red ; peftoral fins white 

 above, and dark-green or olive beileath. Native of the 

 Mediterranean, and known on the French coafta by the ap- 

 pellation of Cavillone. 



Punctata ; RoCe-red Gurnard. With blood-red fpecks, 

 and broad obtufe head, fpined on the hind-part. Length 

 about eight inches ; head broad, obtufe, and furnifhed be- 

 hind with ftrong fpines ; fcales middle-fized ; peftoral fins 

 very large, rounded, and of a dufliy-blue colour, fpeckled 

 with red, and inclining to yellow towards their tips ; reft of 

 the fins and tail yellow fpeckled with red. Native of the 

 American feas. 



PiNl ; Red Gurnard. With triple fingers, and body- 

 marked on each fide by numerous tranfverfe convex fines. 

 Similar in habit to that of T. piper, but in other refpefts 

 much allied to T. hneata : colour red, with yellowifh ab- 

 domen ; fcales fmall ; dorfal and lateral line aculeated, from 

 which pafs perpendicular convex lines terminating rather ob- 

 tufely above and below, and bearing fome refemblance to 

 pine -leaves ; fins and tail yellowifh ; ventral fins red, with 

 an obfcure blueifh caft. Native region unknown. 



Chabrontera. With tlie body mailed beneath, and 

 red fins. Allied to the T. cataphrafta, but differing by 

 not having the body marked into an oftagonal form ; 

 the under parts only being furnifhed vvith bony divifions : 

 above the fnout are feveral fpines pointi'ng backwards : and 

 above and below the tail are alfo placed three fphies : all 

 the fins, except the tail, are of a bright red. Native of the 

 Mediterranean. Shaw's Zoology, vol. iv. pt. 2. 



Trigla, in Mytbolsgy, the name of a divinity among the 

 Germans with three heads, which was undoubtedly Diana 

 Trivia, or Hecate. 



TRIGLAND, .Iames, in Biography, ^ learned theolo- 

 gian, was born at Haerlem in 1652, and educated at the 

 univerfities of Harderwyk and Leyden, where he diligently 

 ftudied the Oriental languages. He became a candidate for 

 the miniftry in 1676, and having exercifed it for fome time 

 at different places, he at length fettled at Leyden, where, in 

 1 686, he was made profeflor of theology, to which was 

 afterwards added the office of explaining Hebrew an- 

 tiquities. He was twice nominated reftor of the univer- 

 fity by Wilham prince of Orange, by whom he was 

 greatly eftcemed. He died in 1705. His erudition was 

 profound, and his works, on hterary and tfieological fub- 

 jefts, various. , Moreri. 



TRIGLOCHIN, in Botany, very well named by Lin- 

 nseus, from TfEi., three, and y\-j)x"> the point of a dart, or ar- 

 low, alluding to the three (liarp lower ends of the capfule- 

 valves, which, when ftarted from their original fituation, 

 give to the fruit the appearance of a triple-barbed dart ; 

 whence alfb its Englifh name of Arrow-head, or Arro^*- 



grafs Linn. Gen. 179. Schreb. 239. Willd. Sp. PI. 



V. 2. 264. Mai-t. Mill. Dift. v. 4. Sm. Fl. Brit. ^98. 

 Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 2. 325. Brown Prodr. Nov. HoU. 

 Purfh 247. JufT. 47. Lamarck Illuftr. 

 ■ Tuncago ; Tourn. t, 142. Mich. 

 K k Gen. 



"• '• 343; 



1,270. Gjertu. t. 84. (Juncago ; Tourn. 1. 142. Mich. 



