TRILLIUM. 



ftalked." — In fphagnous bogs, on the liigh mountains of 

 Pennfylvania, Carolina, and Canada, flowering in May and 

 June. Flowers white, with purple veins at the bottom. 

 Berry fcailet. Purjlj. We received from the late Rev. Dr. 

 Muhlenberg, in 1799, a fpecimen anfwering precifely to 

 this defcription, but not at all to Willdenow's name of 

 undulatum. The leaves are an inch and half long, taper- 

 pointed, on (hort ftalks. Floiuer-Jlalk half that length. 

 Petals an inch long, white, with flender parallel veins, which 

 are of a fine purple at the bafe, even in the dried fpecimen. 

 Anthers purple. Germen znd Jlyle yellowilh-white. 



4. T. ovatum. Ovate Trillium. Purfh n. 4 " Flower- 



ftalk ereft. Petals oblong, acute, fpreading, rather longer 

 than the linear calyx. Leaves ovate, tapering to a point, 

 quite feflile." — On the rapids of Columbia river. Gov. 

 Le-w'is. Flowering ' in April. Flowers pale purple. 

 Purjh. 



5. T. pumilum. Blunt-leaved TriUium. Purfli n. 5. 

 (T. pufillum ; Michaux Boreal. -Amer. v. i. 215.) — 

 Flower-ftalk ereft. Petals fcarcely longer than the calyx. 

 Leaves oval-oblong, obtufe, feflile Native of the pine- 

 woods of Lower Carolina, flowering in May. Petals pale 

 flefli-coloured. Miehaux. Specimens in the Linman her- 

 barium, which anfwer well to this defcription, were mod 

 unaccountably confounded by Linnaeus with his JeJJile. 

 They ai-e infcribed " Trillium, five TradefcantU affinis, Jlore 

 odorato un'ico tr'ipetalo, radice tuberofd." — Clayton. The Jlem 

 is flender, five or fix inches high. Leaves an inch and a 

 quarter, or an inch and a half, broad, of a rather narrow el- 

 liptical fliape. Flower on a very fliort fl;alk ; in one fpeci- 

 men nearly feflile. Calyx-leaves exactly like the foliage, but 

 only a quarter the fize. Petals with fine, copious, inter- 

 branching veins, becoming purplifli as they advance in 



age- 



6. T. ccrnuum. Drooping Trillium. Linn. Sp. PI. 484. 

 Willd. n. I. Ait. n. I. Purfli n. 6. Sm. Spicil. 3. t. 4. 

 Curt. Mag. t. 954. { Solanum triphyllum, flore hexa- 

 petalocarneo ; Cateflj. Carol, v. 1. 45. t. 45, on the autho- 

 rity of the author's herbarium, though his figure gives no 

 idea of the plant. ) — Flower-ftalk recurved. Petals lanceo- 

 late, the fize and ihape of the calyx-leaves, reflexed. 

 Leaves rhomboid, abruptly pointed, on very fliort ftalks. — 

 In fliady rocky fituations, from Pennfylvania to Carolina, 

 particularly on the banks of Schuylkill, near Philadelphia, 

 flowering in May. Petals white. Berries purple. This 

 may be called the largeft of the genus, as I have often feen 

 it near two feet high, with leaves meafuring nine inches in 

 diameter. PurJh. Our garden fpecimens are but one-third 

 as large. The Jlower is perfeftly reflexed. Petals white, 

 with green ribs. Anthers and Jlyles purple. Gern'en pale 

 yellow, ovate, with fix wings. 



7. T. ereSum. Upright-ftalked TriOium. Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 484. Willd. n. 2. Ait. n. 2. Purfli n. 7, a. Curt. Mag. 

 t. 470. (T. rhomboideum ; Michaux Boreal.-Amer. v. I. 

 215. Redout. Liliac. t. 134. Solanum triphyllum cana-' 

 denfe ; Cornut. Canad. 166. t. 167.) — Flower-ftalk ereft. 

 Flower inclining. Petals elliptical, pointed, fpreading, the 

 length of the calyx. Leaves rhomboid, pointed, feflile. — On 

 the mountains, in boggy foil, from Penniylvania to Carolina, 

 flowering in May. Purjk. The leaves are three or four 

 inches long, and three broad at the obtufe lateral angles. 

 Flower-Jlalk nearly three inches long, ereft, except a httle 

 curve at the top, from the drooping of ihejlower, which 

 is fetid, and larger than any of the foregoing fpecies. 

 Calyx-leaves an inch and quarter long, ovate, pointed, 

 fpreading, green. Petals the fame length, but broader and 



more elliptical, dark purplifli-brown. Germen znd famens 

 purple. Berry, according to Purfli, almoft black. This 

 IS certainly T. ereSiim of Linnxus, though the fpecimen in 

 his herbarium has no rcfemblance to it, having half a dozen 

 Jlower-Jlalks, and not being an original fpecimen, nor of any 

 authority. The fpecific name is not oiie of the bett, tliere 

 being feveral fpecies equally ereft, but rhomboideum is liable 

 to the fame objeftion. Had we found a better in any 

 work of charafter, we might have been induced to fwerve 

 from our general rule of not changing cftabliflied Linnxan 

 names. We do not profefs to he bound to keep any 

 others, unlefs they are good. 



8. T. pendulum. White Small-flowered Trillium. 



" Willd. Hort. Berolin. t. 35." Ait. n. 3. Purfli n. 9 ? 

 (T. ereftum /? ; Curt. Mag. t. 1027. Purfli n. 7.) — 

 Flower-ftalk ereft. Flower inclining. Petals ovate, 

 pointed, fpreading, longer than the calyx. Leaves rhom- 

 boid, pointed, feflile Native of the mountains of Pennfyl- 

 vania and Carohna. We received a fpecimen from Dr. 

 Muhlenberg in 1 805, the fame year in which Mr. Maffon 

 fent plants to Kew. It flowers in April and May, and 

 though nearly allied to the laft, muft furely be a diftindl 

 fpecies. Every part is much fmaller ; the leaves more 

 rhomboid ; Jlower lefs ftrongly fetid than the ereHiim, with 

 white petals, a reddifli germen, and yellow anthers and 



Jlyles. Mr. Purfli feems to have inferted this fpecies twice ; 

 fee his n. 7. and 9. We have not had an opportunity of 

 confulting the Hortus BeroUnenfts, but we rely on Mr. Dry- 

 ander in Hort. Kew. 



9. T. grandijlorum. Large-flowered Trillium. Salif. 

 Parad. t. i. Purfli n. 10. Ait. n. 4. (T. erythrocar- 

 pum ; Curt. Mag. t. 855, excluding Michaux's fynonym. 

 T. rhomboideum y ; Michaux Boreal.-Amer. v. i. 216.) 

 — Flower and its ftalk drooping. Petals ovate ; their 

 claws converging into a tube ; limb fpreading thrice as 

 broad as the calyx, and much longer. Leaves ovate, 

 fomewhat rhomboid, pointed. — On the mountains and 

 rocky banks of rivers, in Virginia and Carolina, flowering 

 in May. We received a fpecimen in 1797 from the ho- 

 nourable Mrs. Barrington's garden at Mongewell, the root 

 having been fent perhaps a year or two before from North 

 America. Mr. Maflbn is faid to have fent the fame to Kew 

 in 1799. This is a large and handfome fpecies. The petals 

 are fnow-white, veiny, two inches long ; their bafes convo- 

 luted into a fort of tube. Anthers yellow. Calyx-leaves 

 ovato-Ianceolate, an inch and half long, green. 



10. T. obovatiim. Obovate Trillium. Purfli n. 8. — 

 " Flower-ftalk erefl. Petals obovate, bluntifli, flat, fpread- 

 ing, fcarcely longer or broader than the calyx. Leaves 

 ovate, rhomboid, pointed, perfeftly feflile." — Found in 

 Canada, near Montreal. Flowers dark rofe-colonrcd, pro- 

 bably white when firft opening. PurJh. Tin's autiior 

 mentions forae fpecimens in the herbarium of A. B. Lam- 

 bert, efq. agreeing in every refpeft herewith, which are 

 the T. camtfchaticum of Pallas. This perhaps is what 

 Dr. Sims fpeaks of, under a fimilar name, in Curt. Mag. 

 t. 855. We have not examined either. 



Trillium, in Gardening, furniflies plants of the low, 

 tuberous-rooted, flowery, perennial kind, among which the 

 fpecies molUy cidtivated are, the drooping trillium ( T. cer- 

 nuum) ; the uprignt trillium (T. ercftum) ; and the feflile- 

 flowercd trillium (T. feflile). 



Method of Culture.— Thek plants may be increafed by 

 feeds, which fliould be fown on a fliady border as foon as 

 they become ripe in the autumn ; when they appear in the 

 fpring, the plants fliould be kept clean from weeds, and in 



