T R I 



liis pungentibus, noftras ; Pluk. Phyt. t. 33. f. 4. G. an- 

 guftifolium, fpica tritici, muticae finiili ; Bauli. Prodr. 17. 

 Morif. fed. 8. t. I. f. 5.) — Calyx abrupt, five-flowered. 

 Leaves involute, fliarp-pointed. Root creeping. — Found 

 abundantly on the loofe fands of the fea-coaft, throughout 

 Europe, flowering in July. The long ilringy tough roots, 

 fixed by woolly fibres, co-operate with Cnrex arenarla, Ely- 

 mus arenarius, &c. in fixing the fand, and forming a barrier 

 againll the encroachments of the ocean. The whole plant is 

 very glaucous, hard and rigid, with fpinous- pointed leaves, 

 ftrongly furrowed on their upper fide. The Jlems are two 

 feet high, often tinged with violet in the lower part, and 

 yery fmooth. Spiies folitary, fimple, comprefTed, ftifF, of 

 feveral alternate, flat fpiLehts, quite fmooth and awnlefs. 

 Calyx many-ribbed. T, rigitliim, Schrad. Germ. v. 1. 392, 

 is very near indeed to junceum. 



16. T. dyiichum. Two-ranked Cape Wheat -grafs. Thunb. 



Prodr. 23, Willd. n. 12 " Calyx four-flowered, fmooth, 



awalefs. Flowers two-ranked. Leaves thread-rtiaped." — 

 Found at the Cape of Good Hope, by Thunberg, whofe 

 fhort fpecific charadlcr is all we know of this fpecies. 



17. T. repens. Creeping Wheat-grafs. Couch-grafs. 

 Lmn. Sp. PI. 128. Willd. n. 13. Fl. Brit. n. 2. Engl. 

 Bot. t. 909. Leers 4.5. t. 12. f. 3. Knapp t. iii. Mart. 

 Ruft. t. 124. Fl. Dan. t. 748. Schreb. Gram, part 2. 

 24. t. 26. (Gramen caninum vulgatius ; Morif. feft. 8. 

 t. I. f. 8.) — Calyx awl-(haped, many-ribbed, five-flowered. 



Florets pointed. Leaves flat. Root creepmg But too 



common throughout Europe, in all kinds of cultivated 

 ground, flowering in fummer and autumn. The long and 

 deeply creeping roois arc of all things moil difficult to 

 extirpate. Yet when coUetled in fufficient quantity, they 

 afford wholeforae nourifliment for cattle, and in fome coun- 

 tries have been made into bread in times of fcarcity. The 

 Hems are two feet high, fiender. Herbage green, except in 

 a maritime variety, the y of Fl. Brit., T. junceum of Rel- 

 han, T. intermedium of Hofl; Gram. Auftr. v. 2. 23, which 

 is glaucous, with pungent leaves, and poflibly dcferves to 

 rank as a feparate fpecies. The leaves of our common kind 

 fpread horizontally, often all to one fide, by which this 

 fpecies becomes confpicuous among buflics or hedges in au- 

 tumn. Spiies two or three inches long, much fmaller in 

 every part than thofe of T. junceum. Florets from five to 

 eight, either fimply pointed, or furniflied v/ith awns, which 

 vary in length, but are fcarcely ever equal to the glumes. 



18. T. caninum. Fibrous, or Bearded, Wheat-grafs. 

 Hudf. 58. Fl. Brit. n. 3. Engl. Bot. t. 1372. Knapp 

 t. 112. Schrad. Germ. v. i. 389. Hoft Gram. Auftr. 

 V. 2. 20.1.25. Ehrh. Phytoph. n. 72. (Elymus ca- 

 ninus; Linn. Sp. PI. 124. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 1.469. 

 Gramen caninum ariflatum, radice non repente ; Morif. 

 fed. 8. t. 1. f. 2.) — Calyx pointed, about five -ribbed, four- 

 flowered. Florets awned. Leaves flat. Root fibrous. — 

 Native of bufhy places in various parts of Europe. In 

 England it prefers a calcareous foil, flowering in July. The 

 root is fibrous, downy, ;iot at all creeping. Herbage light 

 green, not glaucous. Stem two feet high, ereft, ftraight, 

 finely ftriated, leafy. Leaves rather broad, rough on both 

 fides, fomctimes hairy, with a fcarcely difcernible Jlipula. 

 Spikes folitary, pale, from two to four inches long, a little 

 drooping when ripe, ^ivns ftraight, ufually longer than 

 their glumes. 



ic). T . crijlatum. Crefted Wheat-grafs. Schreb. Gram, 

 fafc. 2. 12. t. 23. f. 2. Sm. Compend. ed. 2. 22. Engl. 

 Bot. t. 2267. (Bromus criftatus ; Linn. Sp. PI. 115. 

 Willd. Sp. PI. v. I. 439. Feftuca culmo fpicato, fpiculis 



Vol. XXXVI. 



T R 1 



multifloris; Gmel. Sib. v. i. i ij. t. 23. Gramen triticeum, 



fpica latiore compad."i ; Buxb. Cent. i. 32. t. 50. f. 3.) 



Calyx elliptical, awnod, keeled, obfcurely ribbed. Florets 

 awned. Spikelets clofely imbricated, tvfro-ranked, depreffed, 

 ftraight. Stems fimple. — Common in Siberia and Tartary. 

 Tile late Mr. George Don difcovered it on fteep banks and 

 rocks, by the fea-fide in Scotland, between Arbroath and 

 Montrofe, flowering very fparingly. The roots are peren- 

 nial, with very long, ftrong, woolly fibres, deftined to grow 

 in fand. Stems twelve or eighteen inches high, afccnding, 

 (lender, rigid, leafy ; hairy at the top. Leaves linear, 

 fliortifh, fometimes hairy ; their (heaths long and tight. 

 Spike elliptic-oblong, verjr clofe, pale, moft refembling 7". 

 projlratum, n. 8, but longer, and differing effentially in the 

 lateral ribs of the calyx-glumes, which are obfolete, or 

 fmoothed away, not turgid and curved. That thefe two 

 graifes muft belong to one and the fame genus, is evident to 

 the moft cafual obierver. 



20. T. attenuatum. Slender American Wheat-grafs. 



Kunth Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. i. 180 Calyx lanceolate, 



bluntifh, five-ribbed, roughifti, three-flowered- Florets 



very flightly awned. Spikelets diftant. Root fibrous 



Found in dry open places in Quito, flowering in January. 

 Root perennial. Stems fimple, three or four feet high, 

 fmooth. Leaves linear, flat, with a fiiort Jlipula. Spike 

 ereft, five or fix inches long. Third Jloret often imperfed. 

 Kunth. 



21. T. fcalrum. Rough New-Holland Wheat-grafs. 

 Brown n. i. (Feftuca fcabra ; Labill. Nov. Holl. v. i. 22. 

 t. 26.) — Spike elongated, lax. Calyx lanceolate, ribbed, 

 pointed, many-flowered, half the length of the corolla. 

 Florets rough, taper-pointed, fhortcr than their awT.s. 



Leaves flat, rough, with fmooth ftieaths Native of New 



South Wales, and the Cape of Van Diemen. Root appa- 

 rently perennial, with thick downy fibres, not creeping. 

 Stems flender, ereft, eighteen inches high, fmooth. Leaves 

 narrow, hairy. Florets from five to ten, in feffile, alternate, 

 rather diftant, upright, oblong fpikelets, from an inch to an 

 inch and half in length. 



22. 'V . pettinatum. Peftinate New-Holland Wheat-grafs. 

 Brown n. 2. (Feftuca pcftinata ; Labill. Nov. Holl. v. 1. 

 21. t. 25.) — Spikelets two-ranked, horizontallv divaricated. 

 Calyx awl-ftiaped, pointed, about fix -flowered. Awns 

 fiiorter than tlie florets. Leaves flat, ciliated — Found by 

 Labillardiere, in the illaiid of Van Diemen. The root is 

 fibrous, prefumed to be perennial. Stems numerous, tufted, 

 ereft, fimple, a fool or more in height ; leafy below ; 

 downy upwards. Leaves narrow, Ipreadiug, hairy and 

 fringed, acutely pointed; Spikes lolitary, ereft, ovate-ob- 

 long, flat, two-ranked, two or three inches in length, of a 

 dozen or more alternate, rather crowded, feflTile fpikelets, 

 each near an inch long, which in the flowering feafon fprr.Td 

 horizontally, but fubfequently become reflexcd. The 4alyx- 

 valves are flender, fomcwhat unequal, pointed, but not 

 awned, rather ftiorter than the fiorets, which are rough, 

 ribbed, and furniflied with ftraight awns, whofe length, 

 however, is lefs than that of each correfponding glume. 

 The inner valve of the corolla is elliptic -lanceolate, fringed 

 with hairs. 



TRITNU, or Tkiyetnu, in Hindoo Mythology, a name 

 of Surya, the Hindoo regent of the fun. The word means 

 three-bodied. Sec Sury.a and TniMURTi. 



TRITOMA, in Botany, fo named by Mr. Ker, late 



Gawler, from Tfsif, three, and ti)j.i>ui, to cut, whence conies 



the adjeftivc Topxioc, cut, or fit for cutting; in alhilion to 



the three ftiarp angles of the leaves. — Ker in Curt. Mag. 



Q q 744- 



