T R I 



T R O 



which fignifies, that they had the direftion of calling and 

 ftriking of gold, filver, and brafs. Julius made quatuor 

 •vlri, who continued for 15 years, till the battle of Aftium, 

 when Auguftus reftored the triumviri. 



There were alfo triumviri ttdibus rejiciendis, officers ap- 

 pointed to look at the reparation of temples ; triumviri 

 colonis deducendis, for the condufting and fettling of co- 

 lonies ; triumviri, for the raifing of troops ; no8urnal tri- 

 umviri, to prevent or extingui/h fires ; triumviri, to review 

 the forces, &c. 



In the Acihan family we read of one M. Acihus 

 IIIVIR VALETU ; that if, triumvir of health, or a 

 magiftrate of health. M. Spanheim takes him to have been 

 a magiftrate eftablilhed to perform facrifices to the gods of 

 health, to dedicate their temples, &c. 



Onuphrius and Vaillant read triumvir vaktudinis ; Patin, 

 triumvir vaktudinarius ; but M. Spanheim, with much more 

 reafon, reads triumvir vaktudo ; in hke manner, as on a 

 medal of the Aquilian family, we read IIIVIR VIRTUS ; 

 fignifying that one M. Aquilius had been made triumvir to 

 repair the temple of Virtue, and Acilius that of Health. 



TRIUMVIRATE, Triumviratus, an abfolute go- 

 vernment adminiftered by three perfons, \vith an equal 

 authority. 



There are two famous triumvirates at Rome ; Pompey, 

 Csefar, and CralTus, eftablilhed the firft ; and Auguftus, 

 Mark Antony, and Lepidus, the fecond. 



This latter triumvirate gave the laft blow to the liberty of 

 the republic. Auguftus having vanquillied Lepidus and 

 Antony, the triumvirate funk into a monarchy. 



TRIUNE, Tres in Una, three in one ; a term fometimes 

 applied to God, to exprefs the unity of the Godhead, in a 

 trinity of perfons. 



TRIXIS, in Botany, from Tfi|o.:, three-fold, becaufe the 

 florets of the circumference have three deep diftant fegments. 

 The name is borrowed by Swartz from Browne, who ori- 

 giiially applied it to what is now Perdicium radiale of 

 Linnseus and other writers. — Swartz Prodr. 115. Ind. 

 Occ. 1374. t. 26. Schreb. Gen. 581. Willd. Sp. PI. 

 ^- 3- 2337. Mart. Mill. Dift. v. 4. (BaiUieria; Aubl. 

 Gaian. 804. Jufl". 188. Lamarck lUuftr. t. 712.)— Clafs 

 and order, Syngenefta Polygamia-necejfaria. Nat. Ord. Com- 

 pofitue oppofsttfoltie, Linn. Corymhifem, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Common Calyx imbricated, ovate, of eight or 

 ten ovate-oblong, pointed, convex, nearly equal fcales ; the 

 outermoft flightly keeled, membranous at the tip. Cor. 

 compound. Perfeft florets, in the difk, numerous, funnel- 

 fhaped, with a very (hort tube, and upright five-cleft limb. 

 Female ones, in the radius, fewer, (horter, funnel-ftiaped, 

 with a comprelTed tube, and a three- cleft limb, whofe hinder 

 fegment is larger than the two in front. Stam. in the florets 

 of the dilk. Filaments five, the length of the tube ; anthers 

 united into a five -toothed cylinder, rifing above the limb. 

 Fiji, in the florets of the difli, Germen linear, downy ; ftyle 

 thread-fhaped, the length of the ftamens, divided at the top ; 

 ftigraas reflexed : in the female florets, Germen oblong ; 

 ftyle thread-fhaped, divided at the top ; ftigmas reflexed. 

 Peric. none, except the clofed unaltered calyx. Seed of the 

 florets of the diflc, often abortive : of the female ones ovate, 

 flightly compreffed, bordered, convex behind, obtufe, hairy, 

 and fomewhat triangular, at the fummit. Down none. 

 Recept- chaffy, with oblong, acute, concave, membranous 

 fcales. 



Efl". Ch. Receptacle fcaly. Seed-down none. Seeds 

 hairy in their upper part. Florets of the radius three-cleft. 

 Calyx imbricated. 



I. T. Ursbinthinaci^. Balfamic Trixis. Swartz Ind. 



Occ. 1375. Willd. n. I. — Branches rough. Leaves ovate, 

 finely ferrated ; rough with minute briftles above ; with 

 fliort denfe hairs beneath. — Native of rocky vaUies among 

 the mountains of the weft fide of Jamaica, flowering in May. 

 T\\e: Jlem is flirubby, fix feet high, rough, with oppofite, 

 round, leafy branches, rough with very denfe, fhort, rigid 

 hairs, as are alfo the footjlalks. Leaves oppofite, crofling 

 each other, from four to fix inches, or more, in length, 

 and three, or more, in breadth, bright green, finely and 

 acutely ferrated, veiny, fomewhat triple-ribbed ; rough 

 hke a file above ; hairy or downy beneath 5 tapering at each 

 end. Stipulas none. Flo-wers very numerous, fmall, white, 

 fragrant, but acquiring a turpentine fcent when bruifed. 

 They conipofe large, terminal, corymbofe, denfe panicles, 

 with oppofite downy ftalks, and hairy awl-fliaped bradeas. 



2. T.afpera. Harfli-leaved Trixis. Swartz Prodr. 115. 

 Willd. n. 2. (T. fcabra; Swartz Ind. Occ. 1378. Bail- 

 heriaafpera; Aubl. Guian. 804. t. 317.) — Branches filky, 

 with clofe-prefled hairs. Leaves ovate, ferrated, taper- 

 pointed ; harfh above ; rough with depreffed hairs beneath. 

 — Native of Guiana, Cayenne, and the Weft Indies. As 

 tall as the laft, but of a more flender habit. Branches 

 fmooth to the touch, being covered with clofe hairs, point- 

 ing upwards, not with rigid prominent briftles, as in the 

 foregoing. Leaves not half fo large, rough like a fine file, 

 on the upper furface, when full-grown ; pale beneath, with 

 flattened, not prominent, briftly hairs. FlotxKrs larger, but 

 fewer, in loofer panicles. We cannot, on an examination 

 of fpecimens, doubt this being Aublet's plant, and there- 

 fore we retain the original fpecific name. His B. fylveftris 

 appears to be, as Willdenow makes it, a mere variety, 1 

 though his afpera only is ufed for intoxicating fifti. 



3. T. crofa. Jagged Trixis. Swartz Prodr. 115. 

 Ind. Occ. 1377. Willd. n. 3. — Branches briftly. Leaves 

 broadly-ovate, with deep irregular notches and ferratures ; 

 roughifh on both fides ; pale beneath — Native of various 

 parts of the Weft Indies. This is the fize of the firft 

 fpecies, but its leaves are more deltoid, deeply jagged, and 

 lefs hair)', though roughifli with minute fcattered briftles. 

 Flowers white, much like the firft, but fewer and rather 

 larger, on hairy ftalks. The calyx-fcales, in every one 

 of our fpecimens, are muck broader and rounder than 

 Swartz's figure reprefents. Aublet gives five teeth to aU 

 his florets. 



TROADENSE Mahmor, in Natural Hiflory, a name 

 given by the ancients to 3 fpecies of white marble, dug in 

 Mount Ida, and greatly ufed in building. 



TROARN, or Trouard, in Geography, a town of 

 France, in the department of the Calvados, on the Dive ; 

 6 miles E. of Caen. 



TROAS, the Troade, in Ancient Geography, a country 

 of Afia Minor, commencing at the promontory Leftum, 

 and extending as far as the Propontide. It took its name 

 from the famous city of Troy, its capital. It extended a 

 little towards the fouth. If indeed under the appellation of 

 Troade we comprife the whole extent of the country which 

 was fubjeft to the Trojans, that is, almoft the whole king- 

 dom of Priam, we rauft comprehend almoft the whole ex- 

 tent of the two Myfias and Leffer Phrygia. But the Troade, 

 properly fpeaking, comprifed merely the country which lay 

 between the Dardanis to the north-eaft, and the country of 

 the Leleges, to the fouth-eaft, the Hellefpont and the 

 ^gean fea. Ptolemy includes the Troade in Lefier Phrygia. 

 Its principal rivers were the Simois, the Scamander or 

 Xantippus, and the Andrius. Its principal towns were 

 Troja or lUum Sigeum, Sminthime, &c. 



Troas-Alexandkia. See Ai.e.\akdria. 



TROAT, 



