T R O 



in concert and mutual alfiftance in the engagements with 

 the French and Englifh, off the Dutch coall, in June and 

 Auguft. After peace with England had taken place, 

 Tromp, in 1675, vifited London, and being honourably- 

 received, was made a baronet by Charles II. Having 

 this year conduded a fleet to fucconr Denmark in its war 

 with Sweden, he was inveiled by the king with the order 

 of the Elephant. Upon the death of De Ruyter, in 1677, 

 he was appointed hi« fucceffor as lieutenant-admiral- general 

 of the United Provinces. He continued, however, in the 

 fervice of Denmark, and at the peace withdrew from the 

 navy; but in 1691, when the war with France was re- 

 newed, he refumed his command. Whilft a fleet was fitting 

 out, he was feized by a difeafe which terminated his life at 

 Amft:erdani, on the 29th of May, in his 62d year. His 

 remains were depofited in the magnificent tomb of his 

 father at Delft. Un. Hift. Moreri. 



TROMPE, in the Manege. See Deceived. 



TROMPERWICK, Gulf of, in Geography, a bay of the 

 Baltic, on the north-eafl; coail of the ifland of Ufedom ; a 

 dangerous road for veflela which are driven thither by the 

 wind, or mifguided by darknefs. N. lat. 54° 40'. E. long. 



13° 4°'- 



TROMSOE, an iflet on the coaft of Lapland, near the 

 Storftenniifs, or Great Rocky Cape ; flor, in the Scandi- 

 navian dialeft, fignifying great, and hence probably are 

 derived our words flare and flore-hovfe. Here, in the lati- 

 tude of 69^^ 36', a village has been lately founded under 

 the proteftion of the Daniih government, and endowed with 

 peculiar privileges and immunities ; being intended to faci- 

 litate the exchange of commodities, and to diffufe the 

 benefits of civilization over thefe fequeftered regions. For 

 two whole mo.iths at Tromfoe the fun never fets ; and as he 

 wheels his obhque apparent courfe, lie Ikirts the northeru 

 horizon at midnight, and again attends witli fiercer beams 

 in progrefs of the day, the fliy being, wuh little varia- 

 tion, bright and cloudlefs. The change of temperature is 

 confined to a very narrow range. The greatell heat, on 

 the 15th of July, was obfervcd at 2 o'clock in the after- 

 noon, when the thermometer rofe to 61° or 62" of Fahren- 

 heit, and the greateft, cold at I o'clock in tlie morning, 

 when the thermometer fl:ood at 50° or 52°. This low 

 iflet is covered with birches, though the profpeft was fad- 

 dened by patches of fnow lying ftill unmelted in the ftreets, 

 the gardens, and the fields. Von Buch's Travels in Nor- 

 way and Lapland. 



TRONAGE, Tronagium, an ancient cuftom, or toll, 

 paid for the weighing of wool. 



The word comes from trona, an old name for a beam 

 ufed in weighing. 



TRONATOR, an officer of the city of London, whofe 

 bufinefs it was to weigh the wool brought into that city. 



TRONCHIN, Theodore, in Biography, a celebrated 

 phyfician, was born at Geneva in 1709, and being difap- 

 pointed in his expeftations from lord Bolingbroke when 

 he vifited i:; England, he repaired to Leyden in order to 

 ftudy under Boerhaave, whofe Elements of Chemlitry he had 

 perufed ; and after pafling through a courfe of medical in- 

 ftruftion, he j^raduated M. D. in 1730, publilhing on the 

 occafion a difiTtation " De Nympha," patronized by Boer- 

 haave. He fettled at Amfl;erdam, and became a member 

 of the college of phyficians and an infpeftor of hofpitals. 

 Here he diftinguilhed himfelf as a zealous promoter of in- 

 oculation. In 1754 he returned to Geneva, and ranked 

 among the moft diilinguiflied praftitioners in Europe, not 

 only on account of his eftablifhed reputation, but from the 

 number and quality of bis patients. His native city erefted 



T R O 



in his favour a chair of medicine, and the Society of Paftors 

 admitted him into their body. He was employed by the 

 duke of Orleans in the inoculation of his children, and by 

 other perfons of rank at Paris: and in 1763 he went to 

 Parma, for the purpofe of inoculating the family of the 

 duke. Although he declined to comply with the in\-itation 

 of the emprefs of Ruffia to fpend two years at Peterft)urgh, 

 he accepted, in 1766, the offer of being principal phyfician 

 to the duke of Orleans. His praftice was fimple, adminif- 

 tering few medicines, and relying chiefly on diet and regi- 

 men, with the regulation of the pafiions and affections. In 

 nervous complaints abounding in a luxurious capital, he 

 recommended temperance and exercife. With the pradlice 

 of inoculation, he patronized the cool treatment in the natural 

 fmall-pox, and alfo the free admifTion of air in other difeafes. 

 On mothers he urged the fuckling of their children. In 

 the exercife of his profeffion he was exemplary for his hu- 

 manity and charity. In converfation he was mild and mo- 

 deft, and in his manners agreeable and poHte. He had little 

 time for writing : but befides his inaugural differtation al- 

 ready mentioned, he pubhflied a treatife " De Colica 

 Piftonum," in 1757, and he contributed feveral articles to 

 the " Encyclopedia," and to the " Memoirs of the Asa- 

 demy of Surgery." Of the works of BaQlou, he gave an 

 edition in 1762, with a preface on the ftate of medicine. 

 He had the honour of being enrolled as a member of the 

 chief medical and fcientific focieties in Europe. He died 

 at Paris in 1781, in the 73d year of his age^ Nouv. Dift, 

 Hift. Gen. Biog. 



TRONCO, in the Italian Mufic, by the French called 

 coup de grace, is ufed to intimate to the voices as well as in- 

 itruments, that they are not to draw out the found to its 

 natural length, but cut it fliort j that is, only continue it 

 long enough to be heard, by which means there is a fmall 

 filence between each found ; which has a very good effedt 

 in exprelfions of grief, to make figns ; and alfo in expreffions 

 of wonder and furprize, &c. 



TRONCONNEE, orTRONCONNi, in Heraldry, denotes 

 a crofs or other thing, cut in pieces, and difmembered ; yet 

 fo as that all the pieces keep up the form of a crofs, though 

 fet at a fmall diftance from one another. 



TRONE, in ^Agriculture, a term applied provincially tQ 

 a drain or fmall trench of that kind, in fome places. 



Trone, in Geography, a town of Sweden, in Helfing- 

 land ; 7 miles N.W. of Soderhamn. 



Trone Pound, in Scotland, contains twenty Scotch 

 ounces. But becaufe it is ufual to allow one to the fcore, 

 the trone pound is commonly twenty-one ounces. 



Trone Stone, in Scotland, according to fir John Skene, 

 contains nineteen pounds and a half. 



Trone JVeight was the iame with what we now call troy 

 weight. 



TRONECKEN, in GiOgraphy, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Sarre ; 12 miles S.S.E. of Traarbach. 



TRCNINGE, a town of Sweden, in the province of 

 Halland ; 8 miles E. of Halmftad. 



TRONIS, in yincient Geography, a country of Greece, 

 in the Phocide, which contained many ancient monuments. 



TRONQUIE'RE, La, in Geography, a town of France, 

 in the department of the Lot ; 12 miles N. of Figeac. 



TRONTO, a river which forms a boundary between the 

 marquifate of Ancona and the province of Abruzzo Ultra, 

 and runs into the Adriatic, N. lat. 42° 52'. E. long. 



'3° 59'- 



TRONUM, in jincieni Geography, a place on the route 

 from Dyrrachium to Salome, between Pons Tiluri and Bilu ^ 

 dium. Anton Itio. 



TRONZAN, 



