T R U 



T R U 



by king John, and is recorded in the herald's vifitalion of 

 1620, was loft in the early part of the laft wntury ; it 

 having been then contefted by, and decided in favour of, the 

 inhabitants of Falmouth, who now enjoy the jurifdiftion of 

 their own port. This town is fituated in the three parifhes 

 of St; Mary, St. Clement, and Kenwyn. St. Mary's 

 church is a fpacious edifice, of the architefture which pre- 

 vailed in England about the reign of Henry VIII. It con- 

 fifts of two aifles of equal fize, and a fmaller one ; and has 

 a modern fteeple, which does not correfpond with the body 

 of the church. In the windows are feveral fragments of 

 painted glafs ; and in one of them, on the fouth fide, is the 

 date 15 1 8, the year when the church was erefted. Here 

 are feven meeting-houfes for the accommodation of dif- 

 fenters of various denominations. Truro is one of the 

 original coinage towns ; and here only, and at Penzance, 

 with the exception of a few times at Helfton for the con- 

 venience of the merchants, have the coinages of late years 

 taken place. Moft of the tin is coined here, and more is 

 exported hence than from any port in the county. The 

 blocks lie in heaps about the ftreets, and are left entirely 

 unguarded, as their great weight renders it difficult to re- 

 move them without immediate deteftion. Here is a coinage- 

 hall ; and Hals, in his Parochial Hiftory, mentions the town 

 poffefling one fo early as king John's reign. Here is alfo a 

 manufaftory for converting block-tin into bars and ingots : 

 the weight 6f the former is from eight ounces to one pound ; 

 that of the latter, from fixty to feventy pounds each. The 

 bars are exported to the Mediterranean and Baltic ; the 

 ingots are fent to the Eaft Indies. Confiderable quantities 

 of copper-ore are exported from this town to Wales. A 

 manufaftory for carpets has been recently eftablilhed, whieh 

 IS carried on with great fuccefs, and forms a material ad- 

 dition to the export trade. The improvements made in 

 Truro of late years have been very confiderable, and parti- 

 cularly fince the year 1794, when an aft of parliament was 

 paffed for lighting and paving the town. The principal ftreet 

 was formerly contrafted, and disfigured by a row of houfes 

 ftretching along the middle from the coinage-hall to the 

 market-place. Thefe have been removed, and a fpacious 

 opening formed, from which a new ftreet is built, diverging 

 from the other at right angles. A literary fociety and a 

 county hbrary were eftabliihed here in the year 1792. A 

 theatre and aflembly-room have alfo been erefted in that 

 part of the town called the High-Crofs : and on the 1 2th of 

 Auguft, 1799, a county infirmary, ^ fpacious ftone build- 

 ing, was opened in Kenwyn parifh, under the patronage of 

 the prince of Wales. A free grammar-fchool was founded 

 at an early period : and there are two exhibitions, of 30/. per 

 annum, at Exeter college, Oxford, for fcholars of Truro 

 fchool, founded by the truftees of the charitable bequefts of 

 the Rev. St. John Eliot, who died in 1760. A central 

 fchool on Dr. Bell's plan was eftabUlhed in 1 8 1 2, in which 

 there are 130 boys and 70 girls. An hofpital for ten poor 

 houfekeepers in St. Mary's parifh was built in 1632, pur- 

 fuant to the will of Mr. Henry Williams, who endowed it 

 with lands which now produce 120/. J/er annum. The cor- 

 poration make widows the exclufive objefts of this charity, 

 and allow them a penfion of four fhiUings each^fr week and 

 clothes. The market at Truro is held by prefcription ; the 

 claim to it having been certified and allowed in the reign of 

 Edward I. Here are now two market-days, Wednefday 

 and Saturday, both well fupplied with butcher's meat, fifh, 

 and other provifions. A corn-market is alfo held on Wed- 

 nefday. Four annual fairs are likewife kept for cattle. 



About a mile from Truro, on the road to Falmouth, at 

 Calinnick, is a large fraeltifig-hoiife for tin. It confifts of 



9 



ten reverberatory furnaces, fix feet in height, and about 

 twelve feet in length, each. Culm-coal is ufed as the flux, 

 in the proportion of about one-eighth to the ore, of which 

 nearly 600 cwt. is fmeltcd within fix hours, and yields about 



350 cwt. of tin Beauties of England and Wales, vol. ii. 



Cornwall ; by J. Britton and E. W. Brayley, i8o2. Ly- 

 fons's Magna Britannia, vol. iii. 18 14. 



Truro, a town of Nova Scotia ; 40 miles N. of 



Halifax Alfo, a town of Barnftaple county, in the ftate 



of Maffachufetts, on the E. fide of Cape Cod bay, con- 

 taining 1209 inhabitants. N. lat. 42° i'. W. long. 70° 2'. 

 — Alio, a townfliip of Franklin county, in the diftridl of 

 Ohio, containing 672 inhabitants. 



TRUSAM, a river which rifes in the Brifgau, paffes by 

 Friburg, &c. and joins the Eltz, near Riegel. 



TRUSS, Trussa, a bundle, or a certain quantity of 

 hay, ftraw, &c. 



A trufs of hay is to contain fifty-fix pounds, or half a 

 hundred weight : thirty-fix truffes make a load. 



In June, July, and Auguft, a trufs of new hay muft 

 weigh fixty pounds. The trufs of ftraw is Hkewife to 

 weigh a certain weight, but this is various, in fome degree, 

 in different places. In other matters, the truffes differ 

 greatly according to cuftom or other circumftances. 



A trufs of forage is as much as a trooper can carry on 

 his horfe's crupper. 



Truss, or Bunch, among Florifts, is a term applied to. 

 the tuft of flowers which is formed at the top of the main 

 ftem or ftalk of fome plants of that kind, and which, in the 

 aurieula and polyanthus fort, confifts of a fmall bunch of 

 flowers, to which the title of pips or bloffoms is given, and 

 which are fupported by as many little foot-ftems, proceed- 

 ing from out of the top part of the main ftem ; fome of 

 the properties of which are thefe : the pips or bloffoms, 

 whicn are the flower parts, confift of the difli or outer rim, 

 the eye or inner rim, the tube or pipe, and the thrum, 

 chives, or apices. The pips or bloffoms, in thefe kinds of 

 flowers, fhould always be rich, and of a lively good colour 

 or colours, as fuch as may immediately ftrike and captivate 

 the mind of the beholder with the idea of real beauty ; aS' 

 this is the property which is the foundation of all the others- 

 in thefe forts of flower-plants : confequently, w^jere the ' 

 colours of the flowers in them have a faint or dead appear- 

 ance, or are of an ordinary and inelegant tinge or hue, they 

 are good for nothing, even though the whole of their other 

 properties fhould be the moft excellent. 



In all the painted or ftriped flowers of thefe forts, the 

 colours fhould conftantly be fo equally diftributed over the 

 rim or difk, as that there may be an equal uniformity amidfl 

 the who4e variety ; in order that, upon the whole, the fight 

 may not be in the leaft diftrafted or offended with any fort 

 of difproportion, or perceive one fide to be of a brighter or 

 darker hue or fhade than that of another. The edges of 

 the rims fhould be round, or at leaft fo near it, that the 

 indentures may bear but a fmall proportion to the difk ; as. 

 when thefe are deep, and the points of the petals ftand in « 

 fomewhat the ftar-form, greatly divided, the largenefs of ■ 

 the vacancies will affeft the fight with an evident deficiency t 

 and the cafe is ftill worfe in thofe pips or bloffoms which 

 are liable to run out into a greater breadth on one fide of 

 the eye than the other ; fuch irregularities and difpropor- 

 tions are very difgufting in thefe flowers. The eye, which 

 is the iris or little ring that environs the tube or pipe, and 

 which ought to be formed in the manner of the difli, eithgr 

 perfeftly or nearly round, and of an entire clear colour ;. 

 and of a fnowy or pure white, in all painted or Itriped 

 flowers ; and of either a white, bright y«llow, or good 



flraw- 



