TUN 



part inftead of below. The nature of thefe different kinds 

 of kilns, and many ufeful particulars relating to them, may 

 be feen in detail in the Correfted Report on Agriculture for 

 the County of Suffex. 



TvtitfEL-Net is a kind of net much ufed for the catching 

 of partridges ; thus called from its form, which is a cone 

 fifteen or eighteen feet long. 



This net muft be made of three-twifted thread, and muil 

 not be too thick : it fhould be dyed green, that the colour 

 piay give no fufpicion to the birds, and the me(hes ihould be 

 about two inches and a half broad. 



Into the hind meihes, at the larger end, there muft be 

 put a fmooth wooden rod, about the bignefs of a gun- 

 rammer ; of this muft be made a fort of hoop, both ends 

 being tied together ; and at different diftances from one 

 another, there muft be placed many more fuch, wliich are 

 to be rounded in the fame manner, and are to fupport the net 

 its whole length in the tunnel form. Two ftakes, or ftrong 

 pegs, muft be faftened at the fides of the entrances into the 

 net, and one at the farther end, or narrow part : the two 

 firft are to keep the mouth of the net fufEciently extended, 

 and the laft is to keep it pulled out lengthwife to its full 

 dimenfions, the hoop preventing its falling in. 



There muft be ufed with this net two others, of that kind 

 which they call halliers. Thefe are long and ftraight nets, 

 and are to be faftened down to the mouth of the tunnel-net 

 on each fide, extending feven or eight fathoms on each fide 

 from it, fo as to take in fourteen or fixteen fathoms in front, 

 befide the breadth of the mouth of the tunnel-net, and to 

 direft all that ftiall move forward within that compafs into 

 the net. 



In order to ufe this net, a covey of partridges is to be 

 found, and then the net is to be placed at a confiderable 

 diftance behind them : when this is fixed, the fportfman is 

 to take a compafs, and get before the birds with a ftalking 

 horfe or ftalking ox, and then to move forward, driving 

 them towards the net. This is to be done gently and care- 

 fully ; they are not to be driven at once ftraight forwards, 

 but the fportfman is to wind and turn about, and at times 

 to ftand ftill, as if the horfe was grazing. If the partridges, 

 in the time of driving, make a ftand, and look at the ma- 

 chine, it is a fign they fufpeft it, and are ready to take 

 wing : in this cafe the fportfman muft ftand ftill, or even 

 go back a little ; and when they are become compofed again, 

 he is again to advance upon them. If any fingle bird lies 

 remote from the reft, the fportfman muft take a compafs 

 round him, and fetch him in ; for if he takes wing the reft 

 will all follow ; in this manner, with patience and caution, 

 the whole covey may be driven like a flock of fheep up to 

 the nets. A real horfe, trained to the purpofe, is, how- 

 ever, much better than a ftalking machine. The halliers, 

 or wings of the tunnel, muft not be pitched ftraight, but 

 in a fort of femicircle ; and the birds, when they ftop their 

 march, will run along them to the middle, where the mouth 

 of the tunnel is open. 



When they come to the mouth of the tunnel, the old 

 ones will make a ftand, as if to confider what was before 

 them ; but on prefling gently on them with the horfe, the 

 young ones will run in, and then all the reft will follow. 



The fportfman muft then make all the hafte he can to the 

 mouth of the net, to ftcure them from coming back again. 



TUNNING, or ToNNlNG, a part of the procefs of 

 brewing, or rather an operation which is the fequel of it. 



The tunning of beer, &c. is performed various ways ; 

 fome being of opinion it is heft tunned as it cools, or be- 

 gins to come ; while others let it ftand longer to become 

 riper. 



T U N 



The moft regular method is, to cleanfe and tun juft as it 

 comes to a due ferment, and gets a good head ; for then 

 it has the moft ftrength to clear itfelf. What works out 

 of the cafk is to be fupplied with frefh beer of the fame 

 brewing. 



TvtivimG-DiJh, a term applied to a large wooden difh, 

 employed \nt\i a funnel, in tunning malt hquor. 



TUNNUDTIORBIK, in Geography, an ifland near 

 the coaft of Eaft Greenland. N. lat. 60° ac'. W. lone. 

 46^50'. ^ 



TUNNY, in Ichthyology, a name given by us to the 

 Spanifh mackarel, a large fifh of the fcomber kind, called 

 by authors thynnus and arcynus, by Salvian Umofa, znA pe- 

 lamys by Ariftotle, ^lian, and the other old writers. See 

 Scomber. 



In the lochs on the weftern coafts of Scotland, as well as 

 in the Mediterranean (fee Scomber 7%nn«^), tunnies are 

 alfo found in purfuit of herrings, and fold to people, who 

 either carry them frefh to the country markets, or fait and 

 preferve them in large cafks. The pieces, when frefh, 

 look like raw beef, but when boiled turn pale, and have 

 fomewhat the flavour of falmon. One of them has been 

 found to weigh four hundred and fixty pounds. 



TUNS, The, in Geography, rocks in St. George's Chan- 

 nel, near the coaft of Ireland, and county of Wexford ; 

 3 miles N.E. from the Saltee iflands. 



TUNSLA, a town of Sweden, in the province of Sa- 

 volax ; 52 miles N. of Nyflot. 



TUNSTALL, JaiMES, D.D., in Biography, a learned 

 divine, was born about the year 1 7 10, and educated at St. 

 John's college, Cambridge, of which he was a tutor and 

 fellow. In 1 741 he was chofen public orator of the uni- 

 verfity, and became one of the chaplains to archbifhop 

 Potter. It was faid of him, that many came to Lambeth 

 humble, but no one left it fo but Dr. Tunftall. He was 

 created D.D. in 1744, and in 1757 took poffeffion, upon 

 an exchange, of the valuable vicarage of Rocfttiale, in 

 Lancafhire ; but his life terminated in 1772. He had a 

 controverfy with Middleton concerning the letters between 

 Cicero and Brutus, ot which he had made great ufe in his 

 " Life of Cicero," and which TunftaU not only fufpefted, 

 but proved, in the judgment of Markland, to be fuppofi- 

 titious. He was alfo the author of fome other publications : 

 the principal of which is his " Academica, Part I., con- 

 taining feveral Difcourfes on the Certainty, Diftinftion, and 

 Connection of Natural and Revealed Rehgion," continued, as 

 it is fuppofed, by Part II. printed after his death, under the 

 title of " Ledlures on Natural and Revealed Rehgion, read 

 in the Chapel of St. John's College, Cambridge." Nichols's 

 Anecdotes. 



TUNSTEDE, or Tustede, an Englifh D.D., and a 

 learned mufician, who fiourifhed in the fourteenth century-. 

 Pits, Bale, Tanner, and all our biographical writers, fpeak 

 of him with refpeft. And among the MSS. at Oxford, 

 we found, in 1780, a Traft on Mufic, entitled " Quatuor 

 Principalia Artis Mufica:," by this writer, dated 1 35 1, 

 Bodl. 515. bound up with other trafts. 



What this author calls the four principals of mujic, will 

 beft appear from his own manner of dividing the work. In 

 the firft part or principal, confifting of nineteen chapters, 

 he treats of mufic in general, its conftituent parts and divi- 

 fions. Secondly, of its invention, intervals, and propor- 

 tions ; twenty-four chapters. Thirdly, of plain chant and 

 the ecclefiaftical modes ; fifty-eight chapters. Fourthly, of 

 meafured mufic or time, of difcant, and their feveral divi- 

 fions. This laft principal is divided into two feftions, of 

 which the firft contains forty-one chapters, and the fecond 

 1 1 forty ■ 



