TURNER A. 



B. T. ulmit'olia ; Mill. lUuftr. t. 14. (T. anguftifolia ; 

 Curt. Mag. t. 281. T. frutetcens, folio longiore et mucro- 

 nato; Mart. Cent. t. 49. f. 2. T. n. i.; Mill. Ic. 179. 

 t. 268. f. I. Ciftus urticx folio, flore luteo, vafculis tri- 

 gonis ; Sloane Jam. v. i. 202. t. 127. f. 4, 5.) 



Flowers feflile on the footftalks. Leaves ovato-lanceo- 

 late, acute, coarfely ferrated, with two glands at the bafe. 



Outer calyx ovato-lanceolate, notched Native of the red 



hills, and other places, in Jamaica ; cultivated by Miller, 

 and frequently feen in our ftoves, efpecially the narrow-leaved 

 variety, (5, flowering from June to November. The Jiem is 

 (hrubby, but foft, or partly herbaceous, lafting a few years 

 only, feveral feet high, with roundilh, wavy, downy branches, 

 leafy at the ends. Leaves ovate, or lanceolate, varying in 

 length from two to three inches, and in breadth from half 

 an inch to above an inch, unequally and bluntly fenated, 

 ftrongly ribbed and veined, foft and downy on both fides, 

 fetid when bruifed. Footjlalks half an inch or an inch long, 

 bearing two peltate glands near the top, Floiuers large, 

 bright yellow, fhort-lived, folitary, on the footftalks of 

 feveral of the upper leaves, clofe to the leaf itfelf. Outer 

 calyx of two ovato-lanceolate, ftrongly notched or ferrated, 

 permanent leaves, refembhng the proper foliage ; inner tu- 

 bular, filky, yellowifh, in five lanceolate, entire, deciduous 

 fegments, fhorter than the corolla. We can fcarcely think 

 there is any fpecific difference between the broad and the nar- 

 row-leaved varieties. Willdenow's $ and yare precifely the 

 fame plant. He, like Linnaeus, erroneoufly refers Sloane's 

 fynonym to the broad-leaved variety, though Martyn had 

 previoufly, like Miller, confidered it as belonging to our (3. 

 His figure, in faft, reprefents that intermediate form of leaf 

 which moft ufually occurs. 



2. T. fubulata. Awl-ftiaped Turnera — Flovv'ers feflile 

 on the footftalks. Leaves ovate, acute, coarfely ferrated, 

 with two glands at the bafe. Outer calyx awl-fhaped, en- 

 tire Gathered in New Granada by Mutis, whofe fpecimen 



was very incautioufly referred by Linnxus to T. ulmifolia. 

 The leaves are ovate, not much above an inch in length, very 

 downy and hoary, like thejlalis and branches. Flowers like- 

 wife fmaller than thofe of ulmifolia; their petals, in the 

 dried fpecimen at leaft, nearly white, with a purple radiating 

 fpot on the diflt. Calyx clothed with denfe fiiky briftles ; 

 the leaves of the outer one very narrow, awl-fhaped, chan- 

 nelled, and quite entire, affording a decifive Ipecific charafter. 

 Capfule the fize of a pea, clothed with long filky briftles. 

 The peltate glands, on the edge of the /m/ itfelf, are very 

 large and confpicuous in this fpecies. 



3. T. obtujifolia. Blunt-leaved Turnera. — Flowers feffile 

 on the footftalks. Leaves obovate, obtufe, coarfely cre- 

 nate, with two glands at the bafe. Outer calyx hnear- 

 lanceolate, flat, entire, — Native of Brafil. Communicated 

 to the younger Linnaeus by Thouin, probably from Com- 

 merfon's colleaion. This is very clearly diftinguifhable 

 from the two former by its broad obtufe leaves, fcarcely an 

 inch and a half long, and one inch in breadth ; wedge-fliaped 

 at the bafe ; broadly and bluntly crenate. The leaves of 

 the outer calyx are broader, flatter, and rather fliorter, than 

 in the laft, meafuring about half an inch. Capfule twice as 

 large as in that fpecies, coriaceous, denfely covered with 

 ngid briftles. Seeds club-fliaped, beautifully reticulated, 

 with intermediate depreffions ; their tunic nearly of their 

 own length. 



4. T. Pumiha. Nettle-leaved Dwarf Turnera. Linn. 



Sp. PI. 387. Am. Acad. V. 5. 395. 



Willd. n. 2. Ait. 



n. 2. Swartz Obf. 1 16. (Pumilea n. I ; Browne Jam. 188. 

 Chama;ciftus urticje folio, flore luteo; Sloane Jam. v. i. 

 202. t. 127. f. 6. ) — Flowers feffile on the footftalks. 



Leaves lanceolate, deeply ferrated, without glands. Outer 

 calyx linear, minute, hairy.— Native of dry fandy fields in 

 Jamaica, flowering late in the year. Swartz. Root annual, 

 hbrous. Stem herbaceous, from one to three inches, or 

 more, in height, fimple or branched, ereft or decumbent, 

 round, hairy, leafy. Leaves about an inch long, fo deeply 

 lerrated as to be almoft pinnatifid, clothed with long fcat- 

 tered hairs, but deftitute of glands at the bafe. Flowers 

 Imall, yellow, feldom expandt-d, folitary, feffile at the bafe 

 of each upper leaf, on its hairy footjlalk. Outer calyx of 

 two fmall, linear, upright leaves ; inner in five linear hairy 

 legments, preffed clofe to the corolla. Petals convolute, 

 with long orange-coloured claws. Seeds roundilh, com- 

 preffed, corrugated. Swartz. The Linnxan fpecimen, 

 from Browne, has no flowers, nor is it eafy to fay whence 

 Lmnxus took his account of the inforefcence, which, never- 

 thelefs, is confirmed by Swartz. 



5. T. ftdoides. Sida-leaved Turnera. Linn. Mant. 58. 

 Willd. n. 4 — Flower-ftalks axillary. Outer calyx linear. - 

 Leaves nearly feffile, obovate-wedgefliaped, Iharply ferrated, 



downy and hoary on both fides, without glands Gathered 



in Brafil by tather Panegai, whofe fpecimen was fent by 

 Arduino to Linnxus. The_/,m is ftiruhby at the bafe, 

 four or five inches high, eredt, fimple, round, leafy, clothed 

 with hoary down, and long, foft, tawny hairs. Leaves 

 rather more than an inch long, covend on bo' h fides with 

 denfe, entangled, fomewhat ftarry, loft, hoary pubefcence ; 

 ftrongly and acutely ferrated upwards ; entir» at the bafe, 

 and tapering down into a very (hort huny footjlalk. Flowers 

 axillary, nearly feffile, tawny, their flalks and calyx downy, 

 and clothed with long, yellow, (hiiiing hairs. The fpecific 

 character of Linnxu ., pedunculis bifetis, feeins to allude to 

 the two linear or awl-fhaped leaves of the outer calyx. 



6. T. fetofa. Briftly Turnera — Flower-ftalKs axillary, 

 partly combined with the footftalk. Outer calyx hnear. 

 Leaves obovate -wedg^fhaped, deeply ferrated or pinnatifid, 

 very hairy on both fides, without glands. — Gathered by 

 Commerfon at Monte Video and Buenos Ayres. The fizc 

 of the laft. Stem fhrubby at the bafe, throwing up a few 

 fimple, wavy, nearly upright, hairy, leafy branches, from 

 three to five inches higli. Leaves more rtalkc-d, and much 

 more deeply cut, than in 7'. fidoides, being fometimes 

 fharply pinnatifid ; tliey are fcarcly at all hoary or downy, 

 but covered with long, filky, yellow hairs, fiich as are ex- 

 tremely copious on the brunches, flalks, calyx, and capfule. 

 The fowers are faid to be of a tawny rsd. Their outer 

 calyx is very long and linear. Their flaiks, as far as we can 

 judge, are connefted, for about half their length, with the 

 adjoining footftalks. This fpecies is certainly near akin to 

 the laft, and the fegments of its leaves are evidemly variable. 

 We cannot, without fpoiling our only fpecimeii oi T. fidoides , 

 determine whether its flow r-jlall: be really leparate from the 



footflalk or not. What Lmnsus in the Manliffa terms 

 braSeas, are what we have all along called, after his own 

 example in the Syflema Vcgetahlium, an outer calyx ; nor is 

 this part perhaps, as profeffor Swartz fays, entir.'ly wanting 

 in the next fpecies, though we muft allow it to be there ftill 

 more like braBeas. 



7. T. cifloides. Betony-leaved Turnera. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 387. Willd. n. 7. Ait. n.3. Swartz Obf. 117. (Pu- 

 milea n. 2 ; Browne Jam. 189. Hehanthemum betomcx 

 folio, caule hirfuto ; Plum. Ic. 141. t. 150. f. I. Cha- 

 mxciftus caule hirfuto, folio oblongo angufto fiiiuato, flore 

 luteo, pediculo infidente ; Sloane Jam. v. i. 202. t. 127. 

 f. 7.)— Flower-ftalks axillary, many times longer than the 

 footftalks. Outer calyx obfolete. Leaves Imear-oblong, 

 obtufe, with fliallow ferratures. — Native of dry barren 



ground 



