,; , T W E 



! the eleventh volume of the Afiatic Refearches, contains 

 ': many curious particulars of this deified perfon, proving his 

 ( identity with fome weftern fable. See Suranuh, Surya, 



; and VlSV^AKARMA. 



I TWAT, in Geography, a country of Africa, in the 



I Great Defert. N. lat. 22° to 25°. E. long. 1° to 6°. 

 ; TWEDA, a tow-n of Sweden, in the province of 



Smaland ; 42 miles N.N.W. of Calmar. 



TWEDS, a town of Norway, in the province of Chrif- 

 ' tianfand ; 4 miles N. of Chrillianfand. 



TWEED, a large river, which rifes in the parifli of 

 Tweedfmuir, in the fhire of Peebles, Scotland. It is re- 

 ' markable, that from the bafe of the fame hill three large 

 ■ rivers have their fource. The river Annan rifes on its fouth 

 ; fide, the Clyde on the north-well, and the Tweed on the 

 north-eaft fide. Taking a north-eaft direftion, the Tweed 

 I runs a Terpentine courfe of about forty miles through the 

 ; county of Peebles. When it has reached the town of that 

 , name, which is about the centre of the (hire, it has fallen 

 I nearly 1000 feet, as that town ftands only about 500 feet 

 above the level of the fea. In its courfe from Peebles, 

 ; running nearly eaft, its ftream is augmented by the Etterick 

 ' near Selkirk, the Gala at Galafliiels, the Leader near Mel- 

 rofe, and the Teviot at Kelfo. A few miles below the lat- 

 ter town it leaves Roxburghlhire, and forms, for 22 miles, 

 the boundary between Berwickihire and England, till it falls 

 into the German ocean at the town of Berwick : its whole 

 courfe is 102 miles, being the longeft river in the fouth of 

 Scotland. 



On the banks of the Tweed are many beautiful and ro- 

 mantic feats, embofomed in plantations of various kinds of 

 trees ; but fmall are the vefliges that now remain of thofe 

 extenfive natural woods with which its banks were once 

 adorned. Being near the fouthern borders of the king- 

 dom, and expofed to the frequent incurfions of the Engliih, 

 there is perhaps no river in Scotland, on the banks of which 

 are to be feen fo many places of defence againft their hoftile 

 depredations. Still the ruins of caftles and towers (as they 

 are called) are vifible ; but they now only exhibit faint re- 

 mains of their former magnitude, the wealth of their ancient 

 inhabitants, and the depredatory fpirit which formerly pre- 

 vailed. The Tweed abounds with trout of every fpecies : 

 the falmon-fifhery was formerly very produftive, but has 

 been nearly deftroyed through interefted artifice. The 

 Tweed is open to fifhing from the loth of January to the 

 10th of Oftober. On this river, 41 different falmon fifheries 

 have been rented for feveral thoufand pounds a year Beau- 

 ties of Scotland, vol. ii. Tweeddale, 1805. Chalmers's Cale- 

 donia, vol. ii. 4to. 18 10. 



TWEEDMOUTH, a fea-port of England, in the 

 county of Durham, feparated only by the Tweed fi"om 

 Berwick. In 181 1 the number of inhabitants was 3917. 



TWEELING, an operation in weaving, which is per- 

 formed by multiplying and varying the number of leafes in 

 the harncfs ; by the ufe of a back harnefs, or double har- 

 nefs ; by increafing the number of threads in each fplit of the 

 reed ; by an endlefs variety of modes in drawing the yarns 

 through the harnefs ; and by increafing the number of tred- 

 dles, and changing the manner of treading them. When 

 the number of treddles requifite to raife all the variety of 

 fheds necefTary to produce very extenfive patterns would be 

 more than one man could manage, recourfe is had to a mode 

 of mounting, or preparing the loom, by the application of 

 cords, &c. to the harnefs ; and a fecond perfon is neceifary 

 to raife the fheds required, by pulling the firings attached to 

 the refpeftive leafes of the back harnefs, which are funk to 

 their firfl pofition by means of leaden weights underneath. 

 Vol. XXXVI. 



T W I 



This is the moll comprehenfive apparatus ufed by weavers for 

 fanciful patterns of great extent,' and it is called the draw- 

 loom. In weaving very fine filk tweels, fuch as thofe of 

 fixteen leafes, the number of threads drawn through each 

 interval of the reed is fo great, that, if woven with a fingle 

 reed, they would obflruiS each other in rifing and finking, 

 and the flied would not be fufBciently open to allow the 

 fhuttle a free paffage. To avoid this inconvenience, other 

 reeds are placed behind that which flrikes up the weft ; and 

 the warp threads are fo difpofed, that thofe which pafs 

 through the fame interval in the firft reed are divided in pafs- 

 ing through the fecond, and again in paffing through the 

 third. By thefe means the obftruftion, if not entirely re- 

 moved, is greatly leffened. 



In the weaving of plain thick woollen cloths, to prevent 

 obfl:rui5lions of this kind, arifing from the clofenefs of the 

 fet, and roughnefs of the threads, only one-fourth of the 

 warp is funk and raifed by one treddle, and a fecond is 

 preffed down to complete the fhed, between the times when 

 every fhot of weft is thrown acrofs. See Weaving. 



TWELFTH-HiND, in our indent Cujloms, imports 

 much the fame with t/jatie. 



Among the Englifh Saxons, thofe who were worth 

 1200J. vfi;re czMed ttuelve-Aindi ; and if any injury was done 

 to them, fatisfadlion was to be made accordingly. See 



HiNDENI. 



TwELFTH-Day, or Tivelfth-tide, the fellival of the Epi- 

 phany, or the manifeflation of Chrifl to the Gentiles, fo 

 called, as being the twelfth-day, exclufive, from the Nati- 

 vity, or Chriftmas-day. 



TWELVE Men, duodeclm homines legates, otherwife 

 called jury, or inquejl, is a number of twelve perfons, or 

 upwards, as far as twenty-four ; by whofe oath, as to mat- 

 ters of faft, all trials pafs, both in civil and criminal cafes, 

 through all courts of the common law in this realm. See 

 Jury. 



Twelve Tables, Laws of the. See Table. 



Twelve Apojlles, in Geography, a number of fmall iflands 

 at the well extremity of the Straits of Magellan, on the 

 coafl of Terra del Fuego, betiveen Cape Pillar and Cape 

 Defeada. 



Twelve IJles, or Tiuelve Apojlles, iflands on the fouth 

 fide of lake Superior. 



Twelve Pins, The, or Beannaheola, a vafl ridge of almofl 

 perpendicular rocks in the weftern part of the county of 

 Galway, Ireland, called Cunnemara. Xhefe mountains 

 belong to the primitive formation. 



TWELVE-MILE Creek, a river of South Carolina, 

 which runs into the Salada, N. lat. 34° 50'. W. long. 

 81° 16'. 



TWELVE-MONTH, the fpace of a year, according 

 to the calendar months. 



TWENTE, in Geography, a diftria of the ftate of 

 Overiffel, of which Oldenzel is the capital. 



TWENTY-FOUR Men, men chofen every half year to 

 redrefs the grievances of the mines and miners ; but every 

 man generally ferves his year when chofen. 



TWENTY-MILE Creek, in Geography, a branch of 

 the river Tombighe, in Georgia. 



TWICE-LAID Cordage, is made of call rigging, as 

 fhrouds, flays, mooring and other cables, which, if not 

 much worn, will make good ropes, &c. for many purpofes, 

 as fmall cable-laid ropes for warp':.^ Inips, worming and 

 woolding for cables, worming for large flays, netting for 

 fhips' fides, &c. ; ratlings, fcaffolding-ropes, fpun-yarn for 

 feizings, &c. 



To open a cable for making it into fmall ropes, hang the 

 3 Q ftrand 



