T Y E 



great diffimulation muft have been praftifcd by tliofe who 

 not only efcaped perfecution, but ftill continued in offices, 

 either of church or ftate. The few who feem to have been 

 truly pious and confcientious on both fides, fuffered martyr- 

 dom in fupport of their opinions ; the reft feem to have 

 been either unprincipled, or fluAuating between the two 

 religions. One of the principal evils which the champions 

 for reformation combated, was the ufe of the Latin lan- 

 guage in the fervice of the church ; however, the beft 

 choral compofitions produced by the matters of thefe times, 

 that are come down to us, are to Latin words. Specimens 

 remain of Dr. Tyc's clear and mafterly manner of com- 

 pofing for the church in that language, when he was at leaft 

 a nominal Catholic, either during the reign of Henry VIII. 

 or queen Mary j and the late worthy Dr. Boyce has 

 given an admirable example of his abilities in the anthem 

 for four voices, " I will exalt thee, O Lord," inferted in 

 the fecond volume of his excellent " Colleftion of Cathedral 

 Mufic, fay Englifh Matters." There is hardly anyiuftance 

 to be found in the produfticns of compofers for the church 

 during his time, of a piece fo conftantly and regularly in 

 any one key, as this is in the key of C minor, and its rela- 

 tives ; the harmony is pure and grateful ; the time and 

 melody, though not fo marked and accented as in thofe of 

 the beil compofitions of the laft century, are free from 

 pedantry, and the difficulty of complicated meafures which 

 this compofer had the merit of being one of the firft to 

 abandon. That he tranflated the firft fourteen chapters of 

 the Afts of the Apoftles into metre, in imitation of Stern- 

 hold's Pfalms, which were the delight of the court in which 

 he lived, was doubtlefs an abfurd undertaking, and was not 

 rendered lefs ridiculous by the elaborate mufic to which he 

 fet them, confifting of fugues and canons of the moft arti- 

 ficial and complicated kind. Dr. Tye, however, if com- 

 pared with his contemporaries, was perhaps as good a poet 

 as Sternhold, and as great a mufician as Europe could then 

 boaft ; and it is hardly fair to expeifl more perfeftion from 

 him, or to blame an individual for the general defedls of the 

 age in which he lived. 



Tye, in Geography, a river of Virginia, which runs into 

 James river, N. lat. 37' 30'. W. long. 79° 8'. 

 Tye, in Mining. See Streaming. 

 Tye, in Sea Language, denotes a fort of runner, or thick 

 rope, ufed to tranfmit the effort of a tackle to any yard or 

 gaff, which extends the upper part of a fail. 



The tye is either paffed through a block fixed to the 

 maft-head, and afterwards through another block moveable 

 upon the yard or gaff intended to be hoilted ; or the end of 

 it fimply fattened to the fail, yard, or gaff, after commu- 

 nicating with the block at the maft-head. Falconer. See 

 Jeers. 



TVER, in Geography, a river of South Carohna, 

 which runs into the Cangaree, N. lat. 34° 30'. W. long. 



81° 45'. 



TYERS, Jonathan, in Biography, the late proprietor, 

 and indeed the creator of Vauxhall gardens, (fee Vaux- 

 HALL,) deferves a place among our biographical articles on 

 many accounts. His tafte, hberahty, and fpirit m fupport- 

 ing and ornamenting this elegant place of amufement with 

 paintings by Hogarth and Hayman ; an excellent band of 

 mufic ; an orcheftra in the form of a temple in the open air, 

 with an organ equal in fize and workmanfhip to many 01 

 the moft noble inftruments of that kind in our churches ; and 

 a conftant fucceffion of ingenious exhibitions ; rendered it a 

 pubUc place more attraftive, admired, and imitated by 

 foreigners, than any one our country could boaft. In every 

 part of E'jrope a nominal Vauxhall has been eftablifhed ; nor 



TYE 



was there a theatre on the continent thirty years ago, with 

 fcenory and ballot pantomimes, without an attempt at repre- 

 fenting Vauxhall. 



The proprietor began with a fmall band of wind-inftru- 

 ments only, before he erefted an orcheftra, and furniftied it 

 with an organ ; but in the fummer of 1745, '° render it 

 ftill more attraftive, he added, for the firft time, vocal to his 

 inftnimental performances. Here the talents of many of 

 our national muficians were firft difplaycd and firft en- 

 couraged ; here Collet and Pinto on the violin, Snow on 

 the trumpet, Millar on the baflbon, Worgau on the organ, 

 &c. annually increafed in merit and favour. Here Men"r5. 

 Arne, Lowe, and the elder Reinhold fung during many 

 years, with great applaufe. Dr. Arne's ballads, duets, dia- 

 logues, and trios, which were foon after circulated through- 

 out the kingdom, to the great improvement of our national 

 tafte. During this firft fummer, his little dialogue of 

 Colin and Phabe, written by the late Mr. Moore, author 

 of " Fables for the Female Sex," was conftantly encored 

 every night for more than three months fucceffively. 



But here the good fenfe, found judgment, and good tafte 

 of the fpirited -proprietor of Vauxhall, deferve a record for 

 the veneration and refpeft which he manifefted for Handel ; 

 at a time when the health and favour of this great mafter 

 were on the decline, and oppofition had alinoft ruined him : 

 it was then that Tyers erefted, at his fole expence, the 

 marble ftatue which ftill adorns the gardens ; an honour 

 which has feldom been conferred on a fubjeft and a profef- 

 fional man, during his life-time, in any country, fince the 

 flouriftiing ftate of the Greeks and Romans. And as this 

 tranfaftion does honour, not only to the genius of Handel, 

 but to the public fpirit of his votary, we (hall relate it as 

 recorded in the regifters of the times. 



April 15th, 1738, in the London Daily Pofl, apawgraph . 

 fays : " The effigies of Mr. Handel, the famous compofer of 

 mufic, is going to be erefted at Vauxhall gardens, at the 

 expence of Mr. Jonathan Tyers." And on the 18th of the 

 fame month, " We are informed, from very good authority, 

 that there is now near finiflied a ftatue of the juftly cele- 

 brated Mr. Handel, exquifitely done by the ingenious 

 Mr. Roubillac, of St. Martin'S-lane, ftatuary, out of one 

 entire block of marble, which is to be placed in a grand 

 niche, erefted on purpofe in the great grove at Vauxhall 

 gardens, at the fole expence of Mr. Tyers, conduftor of 

 the entertainments there ; who, in confideration of the real 

 merit of that inimitable mafter, thought it juftice and pro- 

 priety that his effigies (hould prefide in that place, where his 

 harmony has fo often charmed even the greateft crowds into 

 the moft profound filence and attention. It is believed, 

 that the expence of the ftatue and niche cannot coft lefs 

 than 300/. ; the laid gentleman, likewife, very generoufly 

 took at Mr. Handel's benefit, fifty of his tickets." 



May 2d, we have a farther account of this fpecies of 

 apotheofis, or laudable idolatry, in the following words : 

 " Laft night at the opening of the Spring-gardens Vaux- 

 hall, the company expreffed great fatisfaftion at the marble 

 ftatue of Mr. Handel, who is reprefented in a loofe robe, 

 fweeping the lyre, and liftening to its founds ; which a little 

 boy fculptured at his feet feems to be writing down on the 

 back of a violoncello. The whole compofition is in an 

 elegant tafte." 



Soon after, the following verfes appeared : 



" That Orpheus moved a grove, a rock, or ftreani, 

 By mufic's power, will not a fiftion feem ; 

 For here as great a miracle is fhewn — ^^ - 



A Handel breathing, though transform'd to ftone. 



TYFORY, 



